Water Temperature and Microplastic Concentration Influenced Microplastic Ingestion and Retention Rates in Sea Cucumber (Holothuria cinerascens Brandt, 1835)

Oladimeji Ayo Iwalaye,Ganas Kandasamy Moodley,Deborah Vivienne Robertson-Andersson 한국해양과학기술원 2021 Ocean science journal Vol.56 No.2

The continuous increases in temperature and microplastic concentration have raised grave concerns worldwide. The influence of water temperature and microplastic concentration on microplastic ingestion and retention rates in Holothuria cinerascens (Brandt, 1835) was investigated. H. cinerascens were sampled by handpicking during low tide from Park Rynie beach on the south coast of KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. They were then cleaned and transported to the control temperature room. Animals were placed in pairs in aerating tanks and acclimated for 48 h. For the exposure experiment, 50, 100, and 150 polyethylene fragments per litre of sizes (0.5–1 mm and 1–2 mm) were added to each tank at varied temperatures (19, 24, 28, and 32 °C) and were left for 48 h and 72 h. Thereafter, animals were transferred to tanks void of microplastics and left to depurate for 48 h for the retention experiment. Microplastic collected from the gut and faecal samples were used to calculate the ingestion and retention rates. Water temperature significantly influenced ingestion and retention rates, while microplastic concentration influenced the ingestion rate only. The highest microplastic particle number/g.h was recorded in high microplastic concentration for both ingestion and retention experiments. Also, the highest microplastic particle number/g.h was obtained at 28 °C in the ingestion experiment. More microplastic particle number/g.h was retained at 19 °C in the ingestion experiment. Ingestion rate increased with increased microplastic concentration, and temperature up to 28 °C and then decreased at 32 °C. More microplastics were retained at high temperature (28 °C) and low temperature (19 °C) at 48 h and 72 h exposure, respectively. Increase in water temperature and microplastic concentration will increase the susceptibility of H. cinerascens to ingest more microplastics from their natural habitat.

Echocardiographic reference z scores of right ventricular dimension and systolic function of children aged 5–12 years

Oladimeji Alaba Busola,Lamina Moriam Omolola,Ubuane Peter Odion,Adekunle Motunrayo Oluwabukola,Kehinde Omolara Adeolu,Animasahun Barakat Adeola,FidelisNjokanma Olisamedua 대한소아청소년과학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics (CEP) Vol.66 No.5

Background: Reference values for right ventricular dimension and systolic function in Nigerian children are scarce despite their high burden of right ventricular abnormalities. Reference values from other countries may not be suitable for use in Nigerian children because of possible racial variations in cardiac size.Purpose: To develop reference values for right ventricular dimension and systolic function in healthy Nigerian children aged 5–12 years.Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study conducted between July and November 2019 included 480 healthy boys and girls aged 5–12 years. The participants were randomly selected from 6 primary schools in the Ikeja Local Government area of Lagos State and their weights and heights measured. Body mass index and body surface area were calculated. Echocardiography was performed at rest in the left lateral position.Results: The right ventricular end-diastolic basal diameter (RVD1), right ventricular end-diastolic mid-cavity diameter (RVD2), and right ventricular end-diastolic length (RVD3) were obtained. The right ventricular end-diastolic basal diameter (RVD1), right ventricular end-diastolic mid-cavity diameter (RVD2), and right ventricular end-diastolic length (RVD3) were obtained, as well as tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and tissue Doppler-derived right ventricular systolic excursion velocity (S'). The overall mean±standard deviation (SD) values for RVD1, RVD2, RVD3, TAPSE, and S' were 32.95±4.2, 25.86±3.5, 54.57±7.5, 20.11±2.3, and 18.24±2.2, respectively. Age- and sex-specific mean and SD values of the same cardiac indices were determined. Z score charts and the mean± 2SD right ventricular dimensions and systolic function were generated. All right ventricular dimensions were positively correlated with weight, height, body surface area, and body mass index. Only height correlated consistently with TAPSE and S'.Conclusion: The observed mean right ventricular dimension indices differed from those derived elsewhere, suggesting that values from other countries may be inappropriate for Nigerian children. These reference values are applicable in daily clinical practice.

Evaluation of hydrokinetic energy potentials of selected rivers in Kwara State, Nigeria

Adeniyu Ganiyu Adeogun,Habeeb Oladimeji Ganiyu,Laniyi Laniran Ladokun,Biliyamin Adeoye Ibitoye 대한환경공학회 2020 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.25 No.3

This Hydrokinetic energy system is the process of extracting energy from rivers, canals and others sources to generate small scale electrical energy for decentralized usage. This study investigates the application of Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) in Geographical Information System (GIS) environment to evaluate the theoretical hydrokinetic energy potentials of selected Rivers (Asa, Awun and Oyun) all in Asa watershed, Kwara state, Nigeria. SWAT was interfaced with an open source GIS system to predict the flow and other hydrological parameters of the sub-basins. The model was calibrated and validated using observed stream flow data. Calibrated flow results were used in conjunction with other parameters to compute the theoretical hydrokinetic energy potentials of the Rivers. Results showed a good correlation between the observed flow and the simulated flow, indicated by ash Sutcliffe Efficiency (NSE) and R<SUP>2</SUP> of 0.76 and 0.85, respectively for calibration period, and NSE and R<SUP>2</SUP> of 0.70 and 0.74, respectively for the validation period. Also, it was observed that highest potential of 154.82 MW was obtained along River Awun while the lowest potential of 41.63 MW was obtained along River Asa. The energy potentials obtained could be harnessed and deployed to the communities around the watershed for their energy needs.

Antinociceptive and Anti-Inflammatory Activities of Telfairia occidentalis Hydroethanolic Leaf Extract (Cucurbitaceae)

Abidemi James Akindele,Joy Awulika Oladimeji-Salami,Blessing Amarachi Usuwah 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.10

Telfairia occidentalis (Cucurbitaceae) is a tropical vine grown in West Africa as a leaf vegetable and for its edible seeds. The plant is noted to have healing properties. It is used as a blood tonic to revive weak/ill individuals and its use by sickle cell patients has been documented. In this study, the antinociceptive activity of the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Telfairia occidentalis (TO) was evaluated using the acetic acid-induced writhing, formalin, tail clip, and hot plate tests in mice. The carrageenan- and egg albumin-induced rat paw edema tests were used to evaluate the anti-inflammatory action. The extract (50–400 mg/kg, p.o.) produced significant (P < .05) dose-dependent inhibition of pain response elicited by acetic acid and formalin while also increasing the nociceptive reaction latency in the tail clip and hot plate tests. In respect of antiinflammatory activity, the extract elicited significant (P < .05) time and dose-dependent inhibition of edema development in the carrageenan and egg albumin tests. Peak effects of TO in the models were generally comparable with the effects of the standard drugs (acetylsalicylic acid, morphine, indomethacin, and chlorpheniramine) used. Phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of tannins, saponins, phlobatannins, and anthraquinones. The extract did not produce any mortality and visible signs of delayed toxicity when administered orally up to 2000 mg/kg. The LD50 (i.p.) was estimated to be 4073.80 mg/kg. The results obtained in this study suggest that TO possesses antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory activities possibly mediated through peripheral and central mechanisms involving inhibition of release and/or actions of vasoactive substances and prostaglandins.

URAL RESOURCE DEPENDENCE AND TAX EFFORT IN SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA

Oluwatosin Adeniyi,TERVER THEOPHILUS KUMEKA,OLADIMEJI ALAG 중앙대학교 경제연구소 2022 Journal of Economic Development Vol.47 No.1

The study investigated the empirical relationship between natural resource dependence and tax effort in 28 Sub-Saharan African countries, with data for the period 1996-2016. The findings indicated that in economies with oil rents, less efforts is invested on other non-oil-resource revenues. In these countries, trade openness deteriorates tax revenue efforts, consequently the bulk of government revenue come from the sale of crude oil. In contrast, economies without oil rents seem to channel more efforts towards non-oil-tax revenue. In these economies, our result showed that trade openness is an important improvement to tax revenues. We recommend that for economies with oil rents, proper tax record keeping and documentation of separate revenue sources be maintained. Conversely, other resources rent economies are also recommended to depend less on natural resources rents and grants from foreign donors; and maintain a policy of no non-tariff barriers to trade, except for health, social and security reasons.

Experimental study on TLDs equipped with an upper mounted baffle

Shad, Hossein,Adnan, Azlan bin,Vafaei, Mohammadreza,Behbahani, Hamid Pesaran,Oladimeji, Abdulkareem M. Techno-Press 2018 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.21 No.1

Tuned Liquid Dampers (TLDs) have gained wide acceptance as a system for structural control and energy dissipation. However, they face limitation caused by low damping in deep water, which affects their efficiency. Another problem with deep water TLDs is that not all water depth participates in energy dissipation. This paper investigated the effect of upper mounted baffles on the effectiveness of TLDs. The Vertical Blockage Ratio (VBR) of baffles ranged from 10% - 90%. The TLD (with and without baffle), structure, and combined structure with TLD (with and without baffles) were subjected to free and harmonic forced vibrations. Results indicated that baffles could significantly enhance the energy dissipation of TLDs, thus reducing structural responses more than structures equipped with ordinary TLDs. It was found that, there was an optimum value of VBR in which the TLD's efficiency was maximized. When TLD had an appropriate VBR, the structural acceleration and displacement responses were suppressed significantly up to 51% and 56%, respectively.

The influence of openness of public organizations and social media use on e-participation: the mediating effect of trust in e-government

Abdulkareem Abdulrazaq Kayode,Abdulkareem Zulfah Jumoke,Ishola Abdulrasaq Ajadi,Bello Muhammed Lawan,Oladimeji Kazeem Adebayo 한국행정학회 2022 International Review of Public Administration Vol.27 No.4

Nigeria implemented e-government in the early 2000s to improve public service delivery, promote citizens’ participation, enhance transparency and accountability. Twenty years after implementation, this study examines the influence of openness of public organizations, social media use and the mediating effect of trust in e-government on e-participation. The study proposed a conceptual model comprising seven hypotheses tested using PLS-SEM. Data were collected through a questionnaire from 689 respondents from Nigeria. The results show that openness of e-government and trust in e-government positively influence e-participation. The direct relationship between social media use and e-participation cannot be confirmed; however, trust in e-government mediates the indirect relationships. Similarly, it examines the role of social media use in investigating e-participation. The findings implied that public sector organizations and e-government implementers would learn and take advantage of the e-government system and social media strengths to meet the citizens’ expectations.

Experimental study on TLDs equipped with an upper mounted baffle

Hossein Shad,Azlan bin Adnan,Mohammadreza Vafaei,Hamid Pesaran Behbahani,Abdulkareem M. Oladimeji 국제구조공학회 2018 Smart Structures and Systems, An International Jou Vol.21 No.1

Tuned Liquid Dampers (TLDs) have gained wide acceptance as a system for structural control and energy dissipation. However, they face limitation caused by low damping in deep water, which affects their efficiency. Another problem with deep water TLDs is that not all water depth participates in energy dissipation. This paper investigated the effect of upper mounted baffles on the effectiveness of TLDs. The Vertical Blockage Ratio (VBR) of baffles ranged from 10% - 90%. The TLD (with and without baffle), structure, and combined structure with TLD (with and without baffles) were subjected to free and harmonic forced vibrations. Results indicated that baffles could significantly enhance the energy dissipation of TLDs, thus reducing structural responses more than structures equipped with ordinary TLDs. It was found that, there was an optimum value of VBR in which the TLD\'s efficiency was maximized. When TLD had an appropriate VBR, the structural acceleration and displacement responses were suppressed significantly up to 51% and 56%, respectively.

Performance and carcass characteristics of Australian purebred and crossbred lambs supplemented with Rice Bran

Flakemore, Aaron Ross,Otto, John Roger,Suybeng, Benedicte,Balogun, Razaq Oladimeji,Malau-Aduli, Bunmi Sherifat,Nichols, Peter David,Malau-Aduli, Aduli Enoch Othniel Korean Society of Animal Science and Technology 2015 한국축산학회지 Vol.57 No.10

Background: This study examined the effects of dietary supplementation with rice bran, sire breed and gender on live animal performance and carcass characteristics in Australian crossbred and purebred Merino lambs. Methods: Forty-eight lambs balanced by sire breed (Dorset, White Suffolk, Merino) and gender (ewe, wether) were randomly allocated into three dietary supplementation groups (Control- 24 lambs fed wheat/barley-based pellets, Low- 12 animals fed a 50/50 ratio of wheat-based/rice bran pellets, and High- 12 lambs fed rice bran pellets). The Rice bran pellets replaced 19 % of the barley component of the feed. Animals were group-fed at the rate of 1000 g of the supplement per head per day with ad libitum access to lucerne hay as the basal diet and water. The duration of the feeding trial was 49 days with an initial 21-day adjustment period. Results: Sire breed differences were evident for initial (p < 0.0002) and final (p < 0.0016) liveweights, hot carcass (p < 0.0030) and cold carcass (p < 0.0031) weights, as well as dressing percentage (p < 0.0078), fat thickness (p < 0.0467), yield grade (p < 0.0470) and rib eye area (p < 0.0022) with purebred Merino under-performing compared to the crossbreds. Concentrate feed conversion efficiency, costs per unit of liveweight gain and over the hooks income were comparable between treatments regardless of the observed trend where the high supplementation group tended to show lower feed intake (745.8 g/day) compared to both the control (939.9 g/day) and low supplementation groups (909.6 g/day). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between treatments for live animal performance, carcass characteristics, gender and their second-order interactions. Conclusions: Results indicate that Rice bran can be utilised as a cost-effective supplementary feed source in genetically divergent sheep over a 49-day feeding period without detrimental effects on overall live animal performance or carcass characteristics.

Open Access : Performance and carcass characteristics of Australian purebred and crossbred lambs supplemented with Rice Bran

( Aaron Ross Flakemore ),( John Roger Otto ),( Benedicte Suybeng ),( Razaq Oladimeji Balogun ),( Bunmi Sherifat Malau-aduli ),( Peter David Nichols ),( Aduli Enoch Othniel Malau-aduli ) 한국동물자원과학회(구 한국축산학회) 2015 한국축산학회지 Vol.57 No.36

Background: This study examined the effects of dietary supplementation with rice bran, sire breed and gender on live animal performance and carcass characteristics in Australian crossbred and purebred Merino lambs. Methods: Forty-eight lambs balanced by sire breed (Dorset, White Suffolk, Merino) and gender (ewe, wether) were randomly allocated into three dietary supplementation groups (Control- 24 lambs fed wheat/barley-based pellets, Low- 12 animals fed a 50/50 ratio of wheat-based/rice bran pellets, and High- 12 lambs fed rice bran pellets). The Rice bran pellets replaced 19 % of the barley component of the feed. Animals were group-fed at the rate of 1000 g of the supplement per head per day with ad libitum access to lucerne hay as the basal diet and water. The duration of the feeding trial was 49 days with an initial 21-day adjustment period. Results: Sire breed differences were evident for initial (p < 0.0002) and final (p < 0.0016) liveweights, hot carcass (p < 0.0030) and cold carcass (p < 0.0031) weights, as well as dressing percentage (p < 0.0078), fat thickness (p < 0.0467), yield grade (p < 0.0470) and rib eye area (p < 0.0022) with purebred Merino under-performing compared to the crossbreds. Concentrate feed conversion efficiency, costs per unit of liveweight gain and over the hooks income were comparable between treatments regardless of the observed trend where the high supplementation group tended to show lower feed intake (745.8 g/day) compared to both the control (939.9 g/day) and low supplementation groups (909.6 g/day). No significant differences (p > 0.05) were observed between treatments for live animal performance, carcass characteristics, gender and their second-order interactions. Conclusions: Results indicate that Rice bran can be utilised as a cost-effective supplementary feed source in genetically divergent sheep over a 49-day feeding period without detrimental effects on overall live animal performance or carcass characteristics.