Structural and Spectral Characterization of a Chromium(III) Picolinate Complex: Introducing a New Redox Reaction

Hakimi, Mohammad Korean Chemical Society 2013 대한화학회지 Vol.57 No.6

Reaction between 2-pyridinecarboxylic acid (Hpic) and $K_3[Cr(O_2)_4]$ give complex $[Cr(pic)_3].H_2O$ (1) which is characterized by elemental analysis and spectroscopic methods (FT-IR, Raman) and X-ray crystallography. In the crystal structure of 1, chromium atom with coordinated by three nitrogen and three oxygen atoms has a distorted octahedral geometry. Also a water molecule is incorporated in crystal network. Each water molecule acts as hydrogen bond bridging and connects two adjacent complexes by two $O-H{\cdots}O$ hydrogen bonds.

Crystal Structure and Characterization of a New Eight Coordinated Cadmium Complex

Hakimi, Mohammad,Moeini, Keyvan,Mardani, Zahra,Khorrami, Farzaneh Korean Chemical Society 2013 대한화학회지 Vol.57 No.3

In this work, a new cadmium complex $[Cd(L)(CH_3COO)_2].2H_2O$ (1) with the ligand L, N,N'-bis(2-pyridinecarboxalidene)-1,2-cyclohexanediamine was prepared and identified by elemental analysis, FT-IR, Raman, $^1H$ NMR spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The cadmium atom in the crystal structure of 1 has distorted triangular dodecahedral geometry by coordination of the four nitrogen atoms of L and four oxygen atoms of the two acetate ions. Two water molecules are also incorporated in the crystal network. The $O-H{\cdots}O$ hydrogen bonds present in the crystal structure of 1. In this work, three structural surveys including coordination numbers of the cadmium atom, coordination modes of L and resonance in pyridine-2-ylmethanimine-based compounds are presented.

Spectral and Geometrical Study of Two Cadmium Complexes, mer-R,S-[Cd(aepn)₂]X₂ (X: I^-, Cl^-, aepn: N-(2-Aminoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine) Supported by Solution Experiments

Hakimi, Mohammad,Mardani, Zahra,Moeini, Keyvan Korean Chemical Society 2013 대한화학회지 Vol.57 No.4

In this research, two new complexes of N-(2-aminoethyl)-1,3-propanediamine (aepn), $[Cd(aepn)_2]I_2$ (1) and $[Cd(aepn)_2]Cl_2{\cdots}H_2O$ (2), were prepared and identified by elemental analysis, FT-IR, Raman spectroscopy and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Geometry around the cadmium atom in two complexes by coordination of six nitrogen atoms of two aepn is distorted octahedral. If distortion in the mer-$[Cd(aepn)_2]^{2+}$ cation is disregarded, it has a $C_2$ axis and $C_2$ symmetry. The cyclic voltammetry experiments were carried out to study the complexation process. Two structural surveys on coordination modes and complexes of aepn are presented. A study was carried out using CSD data to estimate the averages of bond lengths for different types of the Cd-N bonds. It was found that the intermolecular $N-H{\cdots}I$, $C-H{\cdots}I$ hydrogen bonds in 1 and $N-H{\cdots}Cl$, $N-H{\cdots}O$, $C-H{\cdots}O$, $O-H{\cdots}Cl$ in 2 stabilized the crystal networks.

Prevalence and Risk Factors of Urinary/Anal Incontinence and Pelvic Organ Prolapse in Healthy Middle-Aged Iranian Women

Sevil Hakimi,Elham Aminian,Marzieh Mohammadi,Sakineh Mohammad Alizadeh,Parvin Bastani,Sousan Houshmandi 대한폐경학회 2020 대한폐경학회지 Vol.26 No.1

Objectives: Urinary incontinence (UI) and anal incontinence (AI) cause concern, social exclusion, and ultimately reduced quality of life in women. The aim of present study was to assess the prevalence and related risk factors of UI, AI, and pelvic organ prolapse (POP). Methods: The present study recruited 340 menopausal women living in Tabriz in northwest Iran. The data collection tools included the Pelvic Floor Distress Inventory-20 and a personal and social information questionnaire. POP was diagnosed via clinical examination using the simplified pelvic organ prolapse quantification system. Results: The prevalence of UI and POP was approximately 50%, and approximately 16% of participants reported AI. Based on the odds ratios, the most remarkable risk factor of urinary stress incontinence was the number of vaginal deliveries, whereas that of urinary urge incontinence was obesity. Episiotomy and age were the most major risk factors of AI and POP, respectively. Conclusions: The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of POP, UI, and AI is remarkably high among postmenopausal women, warranting the need to prioritize the assessment of POP and various incontinences in middle-aged women in the primary health care system. Furthermore, increased emphasis should be put on modifiable risk factors.

Antileishmanial Activity of Niosomal Combination Forms of Tioxolone along with Benzoxonium Chloride against Leishmania tropica

Maryam Hakimi Parizi,Saeedeh Farajzadeh,Iraj Sharifi,Abbas Pardakhty,Mohammad Hossein Daie Parizi,Hamid Sharifi,Ehsan Salarkia,Saeid Hassanzadeh 대한기생충학ㆍ열대의학회 2019 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.57 No.4

In this study, we carried out extensive in vitro studies on various concentrations of tioxolone along with ben- zoxonium chloride and their niosomal forms against Leishmania tropica. Niosomes were prepared by the hydration meth- od and were evaluated for morphology, size, release study, and encapsulation efficiency. This study measured leishmani- cidal activity against promastigote and amastigote, apoptosis and gene expression levels of free solution and niosomal- encapsulated tioxolone along with benzoxonium chloride. Span/Tween 60 niosome had good physical stability and high encapsulation efficiency (more than 97%). The release profile of the entrapped compound showed that a gradual release rate. The combination of niosomal forms on promastigote and amastigote were more effective than glucantime. Also, the niosomal form of this compound was significantly less toxic than glucantime (P ≤ 0.05). The flowcytometric analysis on niosomal form of drugs showed that higher number of early apoptotic event as the principal mode of action (89.13% in 200 μg/mL). Also, the niosomal compound increased the expression level of IL-12 and metacaspase genes and de- creased the expression level of the IL-10 gene, which further confirming the immunomodulatory role as the mechanism of action. We observed the synergistic effects of these 2 drugs that induced the apoptotic pathways and also up regulation of an immunomodulatory role against as the main mode of action. Also, niosomal form of this combination was safe and demonstrated strong anti-leishmaniasis effects highlights further therapeutic approaches against anthroponotic cutane- ous leishmaniasis in future planning.

Coordination of an Amino Alcohol Schiff Base Ligand Toward Cd(II)

Mardani, Zahra,Hakimi, Mohammad,Moeini, Keyvan,Mohr, Fabian Korean Chemical Society 2019 대한화학회지 Vol.63 No.1

A potentially tetradentate Schiff base ligand, 2-((2-((pyridin-2-ylmethylene)amino)ethyl)amino)ethan-1-ol (PMAE), and its cadmium(II) complex, [$Cd(PMAE)I_2$] (1), were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, Raman, $^1H$ and $^{13}C$ NMR spectroscopies and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the crystal structure of 1, the cadmium atom has a slightly distorted square-pyramidal geometry and a $CdN_3I_2$ environment in which the PMAE acts as an $N_3$-donor. In the crystal packing of the complex, the alcohol and amine groups of the coordinated ligands participate in hydrogen bonding with iodide ions and form $R^2{_2}(14)$ and $R^2{_2}(8)$ hydrogen bond motifs, respectively. In addition to the hydrogen bonds, the crystal network is stabilized by ${\pi}-{\pi}$ stacking interactions between pyridine rings. The thermodynamic stability of the isolated ligand and its cadmium complex along with their charge distribution patterns were studied by DFT and NBO analysis.

Coordination of an Amino Alcohol Schiff Base Ligand Toward Cd(II)

Zahra Mardani,Mohammad Hakimi,Keyvan Moeini,Fabian Mohr 대한화학회 2019 대한화학회지 Vol.63 No.1

A potentially tetradentate Schiff base ligand, 2-((2-((pyridin-2-ylmethylene)amino)ethyl)amino)ethan-1-ol (PMAE), and its cadmium(II) complex, [Cd(PMAE)I2] (1), were prepared and characterized by elemental analysis, FT-IR, Raman, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopies and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the crystal structure of 1, the cadmium atom has a slightly distorted square-pyramidal geometry and a CdN3I2 environment in which the PMAE acts as an N3-donor. In the crystal packing of the complex, the alcohol and amine groups of the coordinated ligands participate in hydrogen bonding with iodide ions and form R2 2(14) and R2 2(8) hydrogen bond motifs, respectively. In addition to the hydrogen bonds, the crystal network is stabilized by π–π stacking interactions between pyridine rings. The thermodynamic stability of the isolated ligand and its cadmium complex along with their charge distribution patterns were studied by DFT and NBO analysis.