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대유행 인플루엔자(H1N1 2009) 감염과 연관된 폐쇄 세기관지 기질화 폐렴 1예
임민희,허상택,김호철,배인규,김재희,김인숙,김선주,고경혁 대한감염학회 2010 감염과 화학요법 Vol.42 No.2
Several types of influenza-related pneumonia have been reported. Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) is a nonspecific lung injury. A 64-yearold man sought care to an emergency room due to breathing difficulties. He was diagnosed with pandemic influenza (H1N1 2009) by the real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and was suspected of concomitant bacterial pneumonia. Therefore he was treated with oseltamivir and broad spectrum antibiotics. The disease progressed rapidly despite treatment, so a corticosteroid was added. The trans-bronchial lung biopsy was consistent with BOOP. Here, we investigated BOOP associated with the pandemic influenza (H1N1 2009) virus that was successfully treated with a combination of antiviral, antibacterial and corticosteroid drugs. Although BOOP associated with influenza is rare, combined disease should be suspected especially when the pneumonia does not response to antiviral agents and antibiotics.
Lim, Chae Yoon,Chang, Jae Hyuck,Lee, Won Sun,Lee, Kang Min,Yoon, Young Chul,Kim, Jeana,Park, Il Young Elsevier 2018 Pancreatology Vol.18 No.8
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Background</B></P> <P> <I>/Objective</I>: The conventional models currently used to evaluate various anti-tumor therapeutic agents are not sufficient for representing human pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), which has a unique tumor microenvironment. We aimed to produce an organotypic slice culture model from human PDA that resembles the <I>in vivo</I> situation and to evaluate the responses of PDA slices to established cytotoxic drugs.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>PDA tissues were obtained from 10 patients who underwent pancreatic resection. The tissues were sliced by a vibratome, and the tumor slices were then cultured. The viability of tumor slices during slice culture was evaluated using H&E and immunohistochemical staining, and stromal cells were demonstrated. The effects of cytotoxic drugs on PDA cell lines and slices were analyzed.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>Tumor slices maintained their surface areas and tissue viability for at least five days during culture. Preserved proliferation and apoptosis in tumor slices were observed by the expression of Ki-67 and cleaved caspase-3. Stromal cells including macrophages (CD68<SUP>+</SUP> and CD163<SUP>+</SUP>), T cells (CD3<SUP>+</SUP>, CD8<SUP>+</SUP>, and FOXP3<SUP>+</SUP>), and myeloid cells (CD11b<SUP>+</SUP>) were present throughout the culture period. Staurosporine, gemcitabine, and cisplatin treatment of PDA cell lines and tumor slices exerted proportional cytotoxic effects in terms of MTT viability, tumor cell number, and Ki-67 and cleaved caspase-3 expression.</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>Organotypic human PDA slice cultures preserved their viability and tumor microenvironment for at least five days during slice culture. PDA slice culture appears to be a feasible preclinical test model to assess the response to anti-tumor agents.</P>
Sum-of-Squares-Based Region of Attraction Analysis for Gain-Scheduled Three-Loop Autopilot
Seo, Min-Won,Kwon, Hyuck-Hoon,Choi, Han-Lim The Korean Society for Aeronautical Space Sciences 2018 International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sc Vol.19 No.1
A conventional method of designing a missile autopilot is to linearize the original nonlinear dynamics at several trim points, then to determine linear controllers for each linearized model, and finally implement gain-scheduling technique. The validation of such a controller is often based on linear system analysis for the linear closed-loop system at the trim conditions. Although this type of gain-scheduled linear autopilot works well in practice, validation based solely on linear analysis may not be sufficient to fully characterize the closed-loop system especially when the aerodynamic coefficients exhibit substantial nonlinearity with respect to the flight condition. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for analyzing the stability of a gain-scheduled controller in a setting close to the original nonlinear setting. The method is based on sum-of-squares (SOS) optimization that can be used to characterize the region of attraction of a polynomial system by solving convex optimization problems. The applicability of the proposed SOS-based methodology is verified on a short-period autopilot of a skid-to-turn missile.