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TYPE A BEHAVIOR PATTERN, CELLULAR MANUFACTURING SYSTEM, AND MENTAL WORKLOADS
Masahiro Hashimoto,Indri Hapsari,Masaharu Kumashiro 대한인간공학회 2007 대한인간공학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.- No.-
In the last decade, the traditional conveyor belt system has partly switched to a cellular manufacturing system in Japanese manufacturing industry. The new “cell” system has brought with both economic and environmental successes to leading companies. Although the new system stimulates the motivational aspects of workers by increasing job complexity, complex jobs are expected to place higher mental demands on workers with Type A personalities, who respond with adverse cardiovascular reactions to stressful situation. This study was designed to test an empirical hypothesis: the new “cell” system characterized by job complexity will result in greater perceived workload and heightened sympathetic arousal among participants rated high on the type A behavior pattern. Fourteen subjects (seven classified as Type A and seven classified as Type B) performed 90-minute repetitions of a simple assembly task in two different manufacturing systems; a conventional “conveyor” method and a new “cell” method. The results from the NASA Task Load Index and spectral analysis of heart rate variability presented evidence for the mediating role of the type A behavior pattern in the relationship between manufacturing system design and mental workload placed on participants. The findings imply that the type A behavior pattern of individuals should be assessed properly in the workplace and considered in evaluations of job design.
Pudcharaporn Kromkhun,Masahiro Katou,Haruo Hashimoto,Misao Terada,Changjong Moon,Toru R. Saito 한국실험동물학회 2013 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.29 No.2
Ultrasonic vocalizations (USVs) are essential communicative sounds used between rodent pups and their mother. Rat pups emit USVs in stressful situations, such as when they are cold or separated from the nest. We verified the ontogenetic changes in USVs emitted by infant rats isolated from their mother during the pre-weaning period. The number of calls, and the median frequency and first peak of frequency of the calls were measured at 1, 3, 5, 7, 10, 12, and 14 days postnatal age in Wistar-Imamichi rats. Pups were placed in a cold glass beaker and USVs were recorded for 5 min. The number of calls increased to a peak on day 5 and then gradually decreased. The median frequency of calls decreased slowly during the first 12 days, and then increased slightly on day 14. Similarly, the first peak frequency of calls was the highest on day 1, and then decreased gradually by day 12. A small increase was observed on day 14. These changes in frequency were correlated with the physical development of the pups, whose body weights increased significantly with age except during postnatal days 7-10.
Takeru Tsujimoto,Masahiro Kanayama,Shotaro Fukada,Fumihiro Oha,Yukitoshi Shimamura,Yuichi Hasegawa,Tomoyuki Hashimoto,Kenichiro Kakutani,Takashi Yurube,Yoshiki Takeoka,Kunihiko Miyazaki,Norimasa Iwasa 대한척추신경외과학회 2024 Neurospine Vol.21 No.2
Objective: To evaluate the preoperative and perioperative predictors of persistent leg numbness following lumbar fusion in patients aged ≥ 75 years. Methods: This single-center retrospective study examined 304 patients aged ≥ 75 years who underwent lumbar fusion for lumbar degenerative disease (102 men, 202 women; mean age, 79.2 [75–90] years). The visual analogue scale (VAS) score for leg numbness was examined preoperatively and at 2 years postoperatively. The persistent leg numbness group included patients with a 2-year postoperative VAS score for leg numbness ≥ 5 points. The demographic data were also reviewed. A multivariate stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed for variables with univariate analysis values of p < 0.2 on univariate analysis. Results: In total, 71 patients (23.4%) experienced persistent postoperative leg numbness. Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that a history of lumbar decompression, longer symptom duration, and a preoperative VAS score for leg numbness ≥ 5 points were associated with greater postoperative persistent leg numbness following lumbar fusion. In contrast, other factors, such as sex, body mass index, vertebral fracture, diabetes mellitus, depression, symptom duration, dural injury, operative time, and estimated blood loss, were not. Conclusion: A history of preoperative lumbar decompression, longer symptom duration, and greater preoperative VAS scores for leg numbness were preoperative predictors of persistent postoperative leg numbness following lumbar fusion in older patients. Although lumbar fusion is expected to improve leg numbness, surgeons should consider the surgical history, duration, and preoperative numbness intensity and explain the potential postoperative persistent leg numbness in advance.
The Japan Health Physics Society Guideline on Dose Monitoring for the Lens of the Eye
Yokoyama Sumi,Tsujimura Norio,Hashimoto Makoto,Yoshitomi Hiroshi,Kato Masahiro,Kurosawa Tadahiro,Tatsuzaki Hideo,Sekiguchi Hiroshi,Koguchi Yasuhiro,Ono Koji,Akiyoshi Masahumi,Kunugita Naoki,Natsuhori 대한방사선방어학회 2022 방사선방어학회지 Vol.47 No.1
Background: In Japan, new regulations that revise the dose limit for the lens of the eye (hereafter the lens), operational quantities, and measurement positions for the lens dose were enforced in April 2021. Based on the international safety standards, national guidelines, the results of the Radiation Safety Research Promotion Fund of the Nuclear Regulation Authority, and other studies, the Working Group of Radiation Protection Standardization Committee, the Japan Health Physics Society (JHPS) developed a guideline for radiation dose monitoring for the lens.Materials and Methods: The Working Group of the JHPS discussed the criteria of non-uniform exposure and the management criteria set not to exceed the dose limit for the lens.Results and Discussion: In July 2020, the JHPS guideline was published. The guideline consists of three parts: main text, explanations, and 26 examples. In the questions, the corresponding answers were prepared, and specific examples were provided to enable similar cases to be addressed.Conclusion: With the development of the guideline on radiation dose monitoring of the lens, radiation managers and workers will be able to smoothly comply with revised regulations and optimize radiation protection.
TADASHI HASEGAWA,TAKESHI AKASAKA,YUTAKA MAEDA,MASAHIRO HASHIMOTO,MAKOTO KANDA,TAKAHIRO TSUCHIYA,TAKATSUGU WAKAHARA,YUHEI MIYAUCHI,SHIGEO MARUYAMA,JING LU,SHIGERU NAGASE 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2007 NANO Vol.2 No.4
Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) synthesized by catalytic decomposition of an alcohol were purified by extraction. The purified SWNTs were characterized on the basis of visible-near infrared (vis-NIR) absorption, photoluminescence and Raman spectroscopic analyses, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation, and thermal analysis. Selective extraction of metallic nanotubes was also achieved by the extraction condition.
Osawa, Kayo,Nakarai, Chiaki,Akiyama, Minami,Hashimoto, Ryuta,Tsutou, Akimitsu,Takahashi, Juro,Takaoka, Yuko,Kawamura, Shiro,Shimada, Etsuji,Tanaka, Kenichi,Kozuka, Masaya,Yamamoto, Masahiro,Kido, Yosh Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5
Genetic polymorphisms of uridine diphosphate-glucuronosyltransferases 1A6 (UGT1A6) and 1A7 (UGT1A7) may lead to genetic instability and colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. Our objective was to measure the interaction between polymorphisms of these repair genes and tobacco smoking in colorectal cancer (CRC). A total of 68 individuals with CRC and 112 non-cancer controls were divided into non-smoker and smoker groups according to pack-years of smoking. Genetic polymorphisms of UGT1A6 and UGT1A7 were examined using polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). We found a weak association of UGT1A6 polymorphisms with CRC risk (crude odds ratio [OR], 1.65;95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.9-3.1, P=0.107; adjusted OR 1.95%, 95% CI 1.0-3.8, P=0.051). The ORs for the UGT1A7 polymorphisms were statistically significant (crude OR: 26.40, 95% CI: 3.5-198.4, P=0.001; adjusted OR: 21.52, 95% CI: 2.8-164.1, P=0.003). The joint effect of tobacco exposure and UGTIA6 polymorphisms was significantly associated with colorectal cancer risk in non-smokers (crude OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 0.9-5.0, P=0.092; adjusted OR 2.63, 95% CI, 1.0-6.7, P=0.042). In conclusion, our findings suggest that UGT1A6 and UGT1A7 gene polymorphisms are associated with CRC risk in the Japanese population. In particualr, UGT1A6 polymorphisms may strongly increase CRC risk through the formation of carcinogens not associated with smoking.