노걸대 3종 판본 내 중국어 명사 접미사의 형태론적 생산성에 대한 통시적 연구

( Maeng¸ Junghwan ) 한국중국언어학회 2021 중국언어연구 Vol.- No.95

본 논문은 원명청(元明清)대에 걸쳐 출판된 노걸대 3종 판본을 바탕으로 명사 접미사의 형태론적 생산성의 역사적 변천 과정에 관한 연구를 진행하였다. 노걸대는 당시 구어체 북방 관화를 기록한 자료로써 원대부터 청대에 이르기까지의 언어적 변화를 담고 있다. 따라서 본 연구는 노걸대 3종 판본을 코퍼스 자료로 사용하여 명사 접미사의 형태론적 생산성을 분석하였다. 형태론적 생산성은 각 명사 형태소가 생성해낼 수 있는 새로운 어휘의 종류의 수를 바탕으로 측정되었다. 분석 결과 -儿이 원대부터 청대에 걸쳐 가장 높은 생산성을 지니고 있는 것으로 판명된 반면, 명사 접미사 -子와 -們의 경우 이 기간 동안 생산성이 지속적으로 감소하는 양상을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구의 결과는 형태론적 생산성과 어휘화의 밀접한 관련성에 대한 실증적 근거를 제시함과 동시에 형태론적 법칙을 통해 생성된 어휘와 어휘 목록에 등록된 어휘가 서로 독립적인 영역에 속해 있음을 시사하고 있다. This study focuses on the historical change in the productivity of Chinese nominal suffixes based on three versions of Laoqida (老乞大) published in the Yuan, Ming and Qing periods respectively. Because Laoqida transcribes spoken Chinese language at the time and also reflects language change over time spanning from the Yuan to Qing period, it serves as a corpus database that allows us to examine the premodern spoken Chinese language. Using Laoqida as a corpus database, this study used hapax-based analysis to examine morphological productivity of the nominal suffixes (-zi, -er, -men) under investigation based on the number of novel expressions created by each suffix. The findings of the study show that -er remains as the most productive suffix throughout the Yuan-Qing periods whereas the productivity of -zi and -men continues to decline over the same periods. The results of the study suggest that the morphological productivity and the lexicalization of derived words are closely associated with each other. Furthermore, the study provides evidence that lexicon and morphology should be considered as two independent domains.

C-NMR Spectroscopy에 의한 Olefin-Vinylchloride 공중합체의 tacticity에 관한 연구

맹기석,황택성 忠南大學校 産業技術硏究所 1990 산업기술연구논문집 Vol.5 No.1

Homo PVC and olefin-vinylchloride copolymers have been prepared by free-radical copolymerization at 60℃. Molecular weights of PVC and copolymers have been caracterized by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and C-NMR. We are used to calculate the tacticity shifts in the C-NMR spectra of PVC and copolymers by Bovey first order Markov statistics. Copolymers of vinyl chloride with isobutylene, propylene from 1.58 to 8.0mol% olefin, is found to random arrangment by ??C-NMR spectroscopy. The values of molecular weights of the copolymer ranged from 2.38 to 7.03×10⁴, measured by GPC. It was found that both the degree of conversion and molecular weight decreased in accordance with the increase of comonomer ratio in the copolymer.

Alzheimer병의 역학

조맹제,함봉진 啓明大學校 醫科大學 1997 계명의대학술지 Vol.16 No.3

Alzheimer's disease(AD) is emerging as a major trouble for the patients and their families as well as community. Epidemiology of AD is the study of the distribution of AD and those factors that influence this distribution. Several findings were derived from reviewing the various epidemiologic studies of AD. Prevalence estimates of AD rise exponentially with age. Typical estimates for the age groups 60-69 years, 70-79 years, and 80-89 years are about 0.5%,3%, and 10%, respectively. All studies showed an exponentially increase in the incidence rate with age and several studies found that the proportion of incident dementias is attributable to AD increased with age. Except for age and family history of dementia, no definite risk factors for AD have yet been proven. Survival of AD patients is worse in early-onset cases and in men, and it appears to be related to the initial severity of the disease. Improvement of prognosis through intervention has been unsuccessful until now. It was shown that methodological variables such as definition of dementia, the design of the study, the characteristics of the sample and methods of assessment and diagnosis might have a significant effect on the results. New epidemiologic approaches to AD should be well designed prospective follow-up studies to provide more accurate information. Epidemiologic studies combined with pathophysiologic findings could be helpful in improvement of prevention and treatment of the AD.

Pd(X)(COPh)(PPh₂)₃(X=Cl,Br,NCS,CN)와 Pd(CN)(COPh)(N-N)(N-N=en,R-pn)의 합성과 성질

정맹준,도명기 嶺南大學校 基礎科學硏究所 1996 基礎科學硏究 Vol.16 No.-

Oxidative addition products, trans-Pd(X)(COPh)(PPh₃)₂(1) is obtained from the reaction of tetrakistriphenylphosphinoPalladium(0) complex and benzoylhalides, XCOPh(X=Cl,Br,NCS,CN), and the structure of these complexes were identified from the UV, IR and ?? spectral data. We found that the stretching vibration energy of the carbonyl group is CN < MCS < Cl < Br and it was depending on the type of X which is in trans position to the carbonyl in the complex 1. We also investigated the formation of the chelate complexes relate to trans influence of carbonyl group in the starting complex 1. It was found that chelate complexes, Pd(X)(COPh)(N-N)(N-N=en, R-pn)(2) were formed, when X is CN, by the reaction of bidentate ligands such as ethylenediamine(en), or R-propylenedamine(R-pn) with complex 1.

『일사(日史)』와 강진·장흥지역 동학농민혁명

박맹수 전남사학회 2002 역사학연구 Vol.19 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to explore and discuss historical meanings of Ilsa(日史). Ilsa is the one of historical materials on 1894's Tonghak Peasant Revolution in Korea. This material was written by Park Ki Hyon(朴基鉉, 1864∼1913). He was born at Kangjin(康津). He wrote the daily from 1591 year to 19D3 year. The name of his daily is Ilsa. First in this study, the discovery story of Ilsa in 1993 year was examined. Next, the life story of Park Ki Hyon that was the author of Ilsa have explored. Last, 1 discussed the historical meanings of Ilsa In conclusion, Ilsa's contents about the 189t's Tonghak Peasant Revolution will improve the knowledge about this revolution.

시장 평균 환율 제도의 개선 방안

장맹렬 慶南大學校 産業經營硏究所 1996 産業經營 Vol.19 No.-

웹기반 수업에서 혼합형 수준별 수업모형의 설계 및 구현

김맹희,박찬정 한국컴퓨터교육학회 2003 컴퓨터교육학회 논문지 Vol.6 No.1

오늘날 웹 활용이 본격적인 대중화 시대로 접어들에 되면서 교육현장에서도 다양한 교육방법이 연구, 개발되어 WBI 학습 웹기반 CAI, 원격강의 등 웹을 기반으로 하는 가상교육이 활발히 진행되고 있다. 웹기반 교육이 교실수업에 비해 가지는 장점을 최대한 살려서 현실성 있고 효율적인 교육의 효과를 얻으려면 학습자의 능력과 관심, 흥미, 적성 등을 고려한 웹기반 수준별 수업 모형 개발이 요구된다. 본 논문에서는 제7차 교육과정에서 실시되는 단계형 수준별 교육과정에서 진급형 수업모형과 심화·보충형 수업모형을 웹기반 수업을 위해 혼합한 혼합형 수준별 수업모형으로 제시하고 구현한다. 또한, 모형의 비교를 위하여 이를 실업계고등학교의 전산회계 교과에 적용한다. 웹기반 수업을 하기 위해서 인터넷이 가능한 학교 전산실을 이용하며 100분 동안 학생들이 자율적으로 웹기반 학습을 하도록 한다. 수업 적용을 하고 설문 조사를 실시하여 웹기반 수업에 대한 효과와 수업모형의 학업성취도에 미치는 영향을 분석 후 결과를 제시한다. Recently, as more web-based applications are widely used, various methods for education are developed in practical areas. As a result, in many organizations, virtual educations such as WBI learning, CAI, and distance learning are offered actively. With the advantages of web-based education, in order to achieve feasible and efficient effects on education, a new web-based instruction model that considers the abilities, the interests, and the aptitudes of students individually is required. In this paper, a new web-based instruction model, called a hybrid model, is proposed and implemented. And then, two model -the stepwise model and the hybrid model- are applied to a computer accounting class of a vocational high school. Students attend the web-based class in a computer center for 100 minutes autonomously. After the classes, a questionnaire is made in order to analyze both the effect on that class and the learning fulfillment of the proposed instruction model.

韓國語 終結語尾와 對人關係要素의 相關關係에 관한 연구 (1)

李孟成 연세대학교 인문과학연구소 1975 人文科學 Vol.33-34 No.-

This is a part of an attempt to study a relation which is assumed to exist between the system of speech level in Korean and the interpersonal relations of the speaker and the addressee. In this paper, we are particularly concerned with the relation between the selection of sentence-final endings, in paiticular, and the social relationship of the speaker and the addressee. The major points which this research is centered around and their resulting findings are as follows. Investigations were made through questionnaires on what sentence-final endings may be used when a speaker talk to an addresse whom the speaker sees as having a particular social status (which was defined in terms of the relative age difference and the relative difference in social levels) and a particular degree of familiarity. An assumption was made that the sentence-final endings hold hierarchical relations with each other and the relative ranks of these endings were determined. The basic factors which determine the social interpersonal relation of the speaker and the addressee are assumed to be the relative social levels(labelled as ‘C’) and the age difference(labelled as ‘A’). It is shown that both these two factors affect the selection of the sentence-final endings revealing a systematic correlation. Furthermore, the power(the force of influence effected upon the selection of endings) of the factor C and that of the factor A are compared and the followings observations are made. a) When the speaker-addressee hold a kinship relation, the power of A is stronger than that of C b) When the speaker-addressee does not hold a kinship relation, the power of C is stronger than that of A. c) The difference of the degrees of power between A and C is somewhat greater when the speaker-addressee holds a kinship relation than when they do not. It has been shown that the degree of psychological distance or familiarity(labelled as ‘F’) which the speaker feels toward the addressee also affects the selection of the sentence-final endings in quite a systematic manner.

단편의 미학 : 하이너 뮐러의 『Leben Gundlings Friedrich von Preuβen Lessings Schlaf Traum Schrei』 를 중심으로

김맹하 한국독일언어문학회 2003 독일언어문학 Vol.0 No.19

Die gegenwa¨rtige Diskussion um das Fragmentarische hat weite Bereiche, insbesondere die Literatur, Kunst und Philosophie erfaβt. Die zu beobachtenden Tendenzen zur Fragmentarisierung sind Ausdruck des Angriffs auf die geschlossene, organische Form und entspringen dem Miβtrauen gegenu¨ber der a¨sthetischen Totalita¨t als Abbild einer 'heilen Welt'. Das Fragment weist auf Verweigerung bzw. Verfall der Totalita¨t hin. Die dramatischen Fragmente ha¨tten sich im Realismus aufgrund der 'entfabelung' wie das Resultat eines Scheiterns dargestellt. An die Stelle des Handlungskontinunms treten verschiedene, andere Einheiten bildende Prinzipien. Die Szenenfolgen sind von Diskontinuita¨t gepra¨gt, und rufen sprunghafte Assoziationen hervor. Schlieβlich zielt das offene Drama auf das Fragmentarische, das heiβt, auf die Destruktion der Fabel. Im Grunde bedeutet die Absage Mu¨llers an das institutionalisierte Theater seit den siebziger Jahren, das als u¨berkommenes Voraussetzungssystem theatraler und gesellschaftlicher Repra¨sentationstechniken ausgewiesen ist, Kritik an der etablierten metaphysischen abendla¨ndischen Kommunikation, das den gleichen Hierarchien wie die gesellschaftliche Interaktion gdhorcht, wirkungsa¨sthetisch modifiziert. Mu¨llers Interesse an neuer Dramaturgie durch die Destruktion der tradierten Kommunikationsweisen ha¨ngt mit der Entwicklung gesellschaoftlicher Reformen zusammen. Daraus resultiert sein Verzicht auf kanonisierte literarische Texte. Der experimentelle Grundgestus, der als Programm einer sich den Verbindlichkeiten tradierter a¨sthetischer Standards entziehenden Kunst anzusehen ist, kann als durchga¨ngiges Merkmal der ku¨nstlerischen Verfahrensweise Mu¨llers ausgemacht werden. Theater-Kunst muss nach Mu¨llers Ansicht 'zur Quelle neuer Erkenntnis und Erfahrung' werden. Daru¨ber hinaus sieht er in der Infragestellung von Werte-und Denksystemen die wesentliche Funktion von Kunst u¨berhaupt.

과학과 인지적 영역의 평가에 관한 연구

신맹립,윤지홍,김규용 濟州大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1986 科學敎育 Vol.3 No.-

The purpose of this study is to find out students' cognitve abilities in science lessons. Bloom's Taxonomy of Educational Objectives' Klopfer's Specification for Science Education, and Piaget's cognitive Development Theory were reviewed to build the evaluating tool. The contents of the constructed tool includes 33 percents' experimental items, and the rest were non-experimental. In the evaluating methods three types of questioning were adopted : multiple choice(79%), short answer test(l5%). and essay typy(6%). Data were collected from 359 students' who are attending middle schools in two cities in Cheju-do. To find out the statistical facts, students' scores were calculated into mean, standard deviation and percentile. The analysis of the data showed the following results : The average score of students' scientific thinking ability is around 58.3 which stands for lower state of thinking ability than expected. Students got higher scores in questions on the experimental-observational contents of learning. It seems that students understand this content of learning more easily than the others. However, students got very lower scores in the contents of learning which include such higher mental-processes as secondary, synthetic functions. It suggests that teachers ought to pay more attention to this content of learning to stimulate students higher mental ability. Score distribution and higher mental function showed positive relationship. The study has made certain that through the evaluating frame of cognitive domains we can assess students ability on the experimental areas of learning except the manual skills, even if paper tests are practiced.