COPA(cuffed oropharyngeal airway)를 이용한 마취 유도 시 근이완제 사용 유무에 따른 반응

김상태,배진호,김상범,임승운,민병상,신영덕 대한마취과학회 2000 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.38 No.3

Background : COPA (cuffed oropharyngeal airway) is a convenient device for airway management in patients undergoing general anesthesia for elective surgery in supine position. It causes less pharyngeal trauma than LMA(Laryngeal mask airway). The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of COPA with and without muscle relaxant. Methods : Forty patients with ASA physical status I and II for elective surgery were randomly assigned to two groups. Anaesthesia was induced with propofol (2 mg/kg) and vecuronium (1.5 mg/kg) and was administered intravenously in Group I but not in Group II. Mask ventilation was done for 5 min with 0: 5 L/min. COPA was placed and heart rate, and systolic, mean, diastolic blood pressure and peak inspiratory pressure were measured at 1 min interval for 5 min. Anaesthesia was maintained with pro- pofol 150 ㎍/kg/min, fentanyl 1 ㎍/kg/hr, O_2 2 L/min and N_2O 2 L/min. Results : There were no significant differences between Group I and Group II in heart rate, systolic, mean and dstolic blood pressure. PIP (Peak inspiratory pressure) was increased and hiccups occurred significantly (p $lt; 0.05) in Group II. Complete airway obstruction occurred in one patient of Group I and severe coughing, body movements and gagging occurred during induction and insertion in Group II. conclusions : With the use of appropriate muscle relaxant, we can use COPA without increased inspiratory pressure or significant complication. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2000; 38: 399~403)

C -11 및 F - 18 표지 콜린의 합성과 체내동태에 관한 연구

전권수,유국현,김상욱,임상무,홍성운,서용섭,양승대,안순혁,허민구 대한핵의학회 2001 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.35 No.3

Objectives: Recently, [methyl-(11)^C]-(β-Hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium ([(11)^C]choline) has been discovered to be a very effective tracer in imaging various human tumors using positron emission tomography. Because of the short half-life of C-11, it is very difficult to use in a routine imaging procedure and needs a frequent synthesis of [(11)^]choline. This can be supplemented by the substitution of [(11)^Ccholine with [methyS-18]fluorocholine. Here, we would like to report cell uptake and biodistribution of [(11)^Ccholine and [(18)^F]fluorocholine as a basic study. Methods [(11)^C]Choline was prepared by the treatment of [(11)^C]CHzI with N,N-dimethylaminoethanol and [18F]fluorocholine was synthesized from reaction of CHzBr[18F]F with N,N-dimethylaminoethanol. The radiochemical purity was checked by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The biodistribution of [(11)^C]choline and [(18)^F]fluorocholine was determined in balb/c mouse at 5 min, 20 min, 40 min and 80 min. The cell uptake wa measured using glioma (9L) and colon adeocarcinoma (SW620). Results: The radiochemical purity was more than 98% after purification. In the liver, uptake did not change over time the uptake was 20/ID/g for [C]choline and 13%ID/g for [(18)^F]fluorocholine. In the kidney, radioactivity decreased over tirne the uptake was 15%1D/g for [(11)^Ccholine and 20%ID/g for [(18)^F]fluorocholine, 80 min post-injection. The cell uptake of [(11)^Ccholine was 4.93% for glioma (9L) and 18.69F for colon adenocarcinoma (SW620). For [(18)^F]fluorocholine, 1.77% for glioma (9L) and 2.77% for colon adenocarcinoma (SW620). Conclusion: [(11)^CCholine and [(18)^F]fluorocholine showed a different cell uptake tendency, depending on cancer cell line. (Korean J Nucl Med 200135:185-191)

인간포배기 배아의 효과적인 유리화 동결법의 개발을 위한 연구

이상민,이주희,이상원,이승민,윤산현,임진호,박흠대,이성구,Lee, Sang-Min,Lee, Ju-Hee,Lee, Sang-Won,Lee, Seoung-Min,Yoon, San-Hyun,Lim, Jin-Ho,Park, Huem-Dai,Lee, Seong-Goo 대한생식의학회 2003 Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine Vol.30 No.3

Objective: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the survival rate of vitrified blastocyst according to the freezing vessels, equilibration time in cryoprotectant and artificial dehydration method. Methods: Human blastocysts were vitrified after loading onto the plastic straw, open-pulled straw (OPS), electron microscopy grid (EM grid) for 1.5 min or 3 min. They also were directly plunged into LN2 within 30sec. For artificial shrinkage of blastocysts, 36 gauge fine needle was pushed at the cellular junction of the trophectoderm into the blstocoele cavity until it shrank without damage of inner cell mass. Results: The survival rate of vitrified blastocysts on plastic straw, OPS, EM grid as freezing vessels were 26.7, 13.0 and 60.5%, respectively. The survival rate of EM grid was significantly higher than that of plastic straw and OPS (p<0.05). For 1.5 min equilibrium, the survival rates of early blastocyst (EB), middle blastocyst (MB) and late blastocyst (LB) were 64.4, 81.0, and 20.0% respectively. For 3 min equilibrium, the survival rates of EB, MB, and LB were 69.9, 50.0 and 57.5% respectively. The survival rates of EB and MB were significantly higher than that of LB in 1.5 min equilibrium group (p<0.05), however, the significance was not observed in 3 min equilibrium groups. In cytoplasmic shrinkage before vitrification, the survival rates of EB, MB and LB were 92.9, 100 and 75.9% respectively. The survival rate of MB was significantly higher than that of LB (p<0.05). The survival rates of vitrified blastocysts by artificial dehydration and slow-frozen blastocysts were not significantly different as 88.9 and 66.7%, respectively. Conclusion: This study showed that the vitrification of human blastocysts using EM grid and artificial dehydration is an effective method. Therefore, these methods would be an useful techniques for blastocyst cryopreservation.

담낭종양에서 CD24의 역할

임성철,이용,김동출,강길,변익건,박정희,최석민 朝鮮大學校 附設 醫學硏究所 2004 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.29 No.2

CD24 is a small heavily glycosylated glycosylphosphatidylinosito-linked cell surface protein, which is expressed in hematologic malignancies as well as in a large variety of solid tumors, It appears to function as a ligand of PUselectin, an adhesion molecule that is present in activated platelets and endothelial cells. The authors aimed to evaluate CD24 protein expression in adenoma and adenocarcinoma of gallbladder to correlate to clinicopathologic data. The staining- was evaluated as stainability (negative, weak-, moderate-, strong-positive) and staining' patterns (membranous vs. intracytoplasmic) for statistical analysis. A highly significant association of cytoplasmic CD24 expression with adenocarcinoma compared to the adenoma of gallbladder was demonstrated. The present study demonstrates that CD24 was abundantly expressed on adenocarcinoma rather than on adenoma, but it was not statistically significant, Interrelation between the stainability or intracytoplasmic staining of CD24 and lymph node metastasis was not statistically significant. The authors conclude that CD24 is involved in tumorigenesis of gallbladder mucosa and intracytoplasmic expression of CD24 is an important molecular marker for malignant transformation.

하지수술시 Fentanyl과 병용한 0.75% 등비중 Ropivacaine을 이용한 척추마취

임일환,이상곤,반종석,민병우 대한마취과학회 2002 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.43 No.5

Background: Opioids and local anesthetics administered together intrathecally have a potent synergistic analgesic effect and less hypotention using a minidose of local anesthetic. This study was designed to investigate the safety and efficacy of two doses of intrathecal isobaric ropivacaine/fentanyl in patients undergoing an operation of the lower extremities. Methods: Thirty patients undergoing an elective orthopedic surgical operation of the lower extremities were randomly assigned to two groups for spinal anesthesia. Patients in group Ⅰ (n = 15) received 0.75% ropivacaine 14 mg/fentanyl 20㎍, and patients in group Ⅱ (n = 15) received 0.75% ropivacaine 16 mg/fentanyl 20㎍. After spinal anesthesia, we measured the time to T10, peak dermatomal level, time to peak sensory level, time to maximum motor blockade, duration of complete motor block and duration of complete sensory block using the pin prick test and Bromage motor scale. Also circulatory variables were monitored every 5 min and side effects were measured for 3 day after spinal anesthesia. Results: There were no significant differences between the groups in time to T10, peak dermatomal level, time to peak sensory level, time to maximum motor blockade and duration of complete motor block, but duration of complete sensory block was significantly longer in the 0.75% ropivacaine 16 mg/fentanyl 20㎍ group than the 0.75% ropivacaine 14 mg/fentanyl 20㎍ group. Conclusions: Intrathecal 0.75% ropivacaine 14 mg/fentanyl and 0.75% ropivacaine 16 mg/fentanyl were equally suitable for a lower extremity operation. (Korean J Anerthesiol 2002; 43: 600~605)

혈액 투석 환자에서 중심정맥 협착에 대한 스텐트 삽입술 : Wallstent Placement

임대승,노상필,이유선,정승현,김보영,이정우,강정아,김정희,이민수,정준용,최시완,정진옥,성인환,이강욱,신영태 충남대학교 의과대학 의학연구소 2002 충남의대잡지 Vol.29 No.1

Stenosis of central vein is a common complication arising after percutaneous subclavian vein catheter insertion performed for temporary vascular access in chronic renal failure patients undergoing hemodialysis. There are several treatment methods for the condition like percutaneous angioplasty(PTA), stent insertion, and surgery, but recent trend is toward PTA and stents. Among the patients diagnosed with chronic renal failure from March 1993 to May 2002 and undergoing hemodialysis through AV fistula, the 14 Patients in whom central vein stenosis arose were selected for the study. A total of 28 percutaneous interventions(5 PTA and 23 stent placement) were performed, and restenosis rate and the time taken till the restenosis in de novo lesions and instant lesions were compared. All 28 cases were operated successfully. The 14 cases that received both anigioplasty and stent placement initially. (de novo lesion : 14 cases), Among the 10 cases with de novo lesion that followed up more than 1 year, 3 cases are currently undergoing hemodialysis without restenosis, and the remaining 7 cases have recurred stenosis with the mean time to restenosis of 10.9 months. In the 7 cases in whom stenosis recurred, 11 interventions were done(instent lesion: 11 cases). 4 of these were using only ballon angioplasty with 100% restenosis rate and the mean time of 3 months until restenosis. The remaining 7 cases were using both balloon angioplasty and stent placement, also with 100% restenosis rate but with the mean time of 12 months until restenosis, which was later than the group receiving only balloon angioplasty. In treating the patients with central vein stenosis, stent placement seems to be more advantageous over PTA in terms of restenosis rate and the mean duration of patency. In the case of instent lesion, inserting the stent for the second time after stenosis recurred lengthened the duration of patency compared to performing balloon angioplasty alone.

고속 회전축 계의 인공지능 진동제어

임승철,박상민,윤은규 明知大學校 産業技術硏究所 2002 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.21 No.-

This paper concerns the application of an electro-rheological (ER) fluid damper to semi-active vibration controls of high-speed rotor systems. To this end, the dynamic models of the employed ER damper and its associated voltage amplifier are assembled with the finite element equations describing motions of the spindle system. Based on the derived equations of motion, predictions are made as to its free and forced vibration characteristics. Next, an artificial intelligent (AI) feedback controller is synthesized taking into account peculiar damping effect in rotor applications. Finally, a series of experiments are performed to verify fidelity of the mathematical model and the control performances. The proposed AI control proved excellent whether the spin speed was selected either before or after critical speeds.

회전축계의 진동제어용 ER 유체 댐퍼의 설계 및 반능동 비례제어

임승철,채정재,박상민 명지대학교 산업기술연구소 2001 産業技術硏究所論文集 Vol.20 No.-

This paper is concerned with the design and application of an Electro-Rheological(ER) fluid damper to suppress vibration of rotor systems. The example system at hand is flexible with a slender shaft and a thin disk, being su pported by two ball bearings. In addition, to investigate the system performances also in the high speed range, the driving torque is made to transmit through a speed increasing gear train. Along with the experiments, to predict and compare the ER damper effect, the rotor system is simulated as to its free and forced vibration characteristics. Such simulations are done by means of a finite element analysis code, which includes the mathematical model of the designed ER damper.

Effect of spark plasma sintering conditions on the thermoelectric properties of (Bi_0.25Sb_0.75)₂Te₃ alloys

Lim, Sang-Soon,Kim, Ju-Heon,Kwon, Beomjin,Kim, Seong Keun,Park, Hyung-Ho,Lee, Ki-Suk,Baik, Jeong Min,Choi, Won Jun,Kim, Dong-Ik,Hyun, Dow-Bin,Kim, Jin-Sang,Baek, Seung-Hyub Elsevier 2016 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.678 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>As a field-assisted technique, spark plasma sintering (SPS) enables densification of specimens in a very short period of time compared to other sintering techniques. For high performance thermoelectric material synthesis, SPS is widely used to fabricate nanograin-structured thermoelectric materials by rapidly densifying the nanopowders suppressing grain growth. However, the microstructural evolution behavior of thermoelectric materials by SPS, another important process during sintering, has been rarely studied. Here, we explore SPS as a tool to control the microstructure by long-time SPS. Using p-type (Bi<SUB>0.25</SUB>Sb<SUB>0.75</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> thermoelectric materials as a model system, we systematically vary SPS temperature and time to understand the correlations between SPS conditions, microstructural evolution, and the thermoelectric properties. Our results show that the relatively low eutectic temperature (∼420 °C) and the existence of volatile tellurium (Te) are critical factors to determine both microstructure and thermoelectric property. In the liquid-phase sintering regime, rapid evaporation of Te leads to a strong dependence of thermoelectric property on SPS time. On the other hand, in the solid-phase sintering regime, there is a weak dependence on SPS time. The optimum thermoelectric figure-of-merit (Z) of 2.93 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP>/K is achieved by SPS at 500 °C for 30 min. Our results will provide an insight on the optimization of SPS conditions for materials containing volatile elements with low eutectic temperature.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Spark plasma sintering (SPS) is used to synthesize the thermoelectric (Bi<SUB>0.25</SUB>Sb<SUB>0.75</SUB>)<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>. </LI> <LI> Liquid phase and volatile element are a key for the microstructure and thermoelectric property. </LI> <LI> Thermoelectric figure-of-merit of 2.9 × 10<SUP>−3</SUP>/K is achieved at 500 °C for 30 min. </LI> </UL> </P>

Improving Upper Limb Spasticity in Patients with Stroke by Electroacupuncture Therapy: a Pre- and Post-Treatment Study

Lim Sung Min,Go Eunji,Lee Jungsup,Lee Go Eun,Kim Eun Joo,Son Chihyoung 사단법인약침학회 2023 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.16 No.6

Background: Post-stroke upper limb spasticity (PS-ULS) causes a decline in the quality of life of patients by reducing their ability to perform normal daily activities. Objectives: We performed pre- and post-treatment analyses of the changes in stroke patients with ULS following constant electroacupuncture therapy (EAT). Methods: Thirty patients with PS-ULS underwent 12 sessions of EAT over 4 weeks. After performing acupuncture therapy at four acupoints on the affected arm (LI11, LI10, LI4, and TE5), electrostimulation (60 Hz) was performed for 20 min. The modified Ashworth scale (MAS) and the Fugl–Meyer assessment of the upper extremity (FMA-UE) were measured as the outcome variables. Results: Following EAT, there was a significant decrease in the elbow MAS score (p < 0.001), a significant decrease in the wrist MAS score (p < 0.01), and a significant increase in the FMA-UE score (p < 0.001). Adverse events related to EAT were not reported. Conclusion: EAT decreased upper limb spasticity and improved functional recovery at the elbow and wrist. Large-scale and rigorous clinical trials are needed to verify the efficacy of EAT.