Serial values for hematologic and biochemical analysis after myocardial infarction in rats

Lee, Mi-Jin,Tae, Hyun-Jin,Li, Ying-Hua,Yu, Do-Hyeon,Han, In-Ae,Lee, Seok-Won,Ahn, Dong-Choon,Kim, In-Shik,Park, Jin-Ho The Korean Society of Veterinary Service 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.2

To diagnose acute myocardial infarction (MI), many cardiac markers have been used in hematologic and biochemical analysis, and many studies have been published for hematologic and biochemical analysis associated with human acute MI. However, after occurrence of acute MI, the serial investigation for values in hematologic and biochemical analysis including chronic MI has rarely been performed. To observe the change of the serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis, we induced artificial MI. The left main descending artery (LMDA) of the left coronary artery was ligated during the progression (day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30) of MI. Total 66 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the sham group (n=24, thoracotomy without LMDA ligation) and the experimental (MI) group (n=42, with LMDA ligation). And all individual in each group was sacrified at day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30 for the hematologic and biochemical analysis. In comparison of hematologic analysis between the sham and MI groups, the mean values of red blood cell (RBCs), hemoglobin and hematocrit (HCT) showed a steady increase. In biochemical analysis, the mean values of glucose, cholesterol, total creatine kinase (CK) and isoenzyme MB, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) were increased in all MI groups compared with the sham groups. The results of this study suggest that early hematologic and biochemical mean values occurred after acute MI are similar to those of human acute MI. In conclusion, we could observe the alterations and serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis to the extent of chronic status after acute MI.

Serial values for hematologic and biochemical analysis after myocardial infarction in rats

( Mi Jin Lee ),( Hyun Jin Tae ),( Ying Hua Li ),( Do Hyeon Yu ),( In Ae Han ),( Seok Won Lee ),( Dong Choon Ahn ),( In Shik Kim ),( Jin Ho Park ) 한국가축위생학회 2008 韓國家畜衛生學會誌 Vol.31 No.2

To diagnose acute myocardial infarction(MI), many cardiac markers have been used in hematologic and biochemical analysis, and many studies have been published for hema-tologic and biochemical analysis associated with human acute MI. However, after occurrence of acute MI, the serial investigation for values in hematologic and bioche-mical analysis including chronic MI has rarely been performed. To observe the change of the serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis, we induced artificial MI. The left main descending artery(LMDA) of the left coronary artery was ligated during the progression(day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30) of MI. Total 66 Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the sham group(n=24, thoracotomy without LMDA ligation) and the experimental(MI) group(n=42, with LMDA ligation). And all individual in each group was sacrified at day 1, 3, 5, 7, 14 and 30 for the hematologic and biochemical analysis. In comparison of hematologic analysis between the sham and MI groups, the mean values of red blood cell(RBCs), hemoglobin and hematocrit(HCT) showed a steady increase. In biochemical analysis, the mean values of glucose, choles-terol, total creatine kinase(CK) and isoenzyme MB, and lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) were increased in all MI groups compared with the sham groups. The results of this study suggest that early hematologic and biochemical mean values occurred after acute MI are similar to those of human acute MI. In conclusion, we could observe the alterations and serial values in hematologic and biochemical analysis to the extent of chronic status after acute MI.

항암화학요법 관련 오심과 구토 완화를 위한 비약물요법에 관한 연구동향

소향숙,최자윤,조인숙,김영재,김지영,김애숙,김옥미,김춘심,김현오,설영애,안정옥,이애리,이영자 성인간호학회 2003 성인간호학회지 Vol.15 No.3

Purpose: Purposes of this study were to understand the current trends on complementary therapy in relieving chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting and to suggest the future research direction. Method: Subjects were selected on CINAHL, MEDLINE, Korean Academy Data Base from 1980 to 2001 which used nausea, vomiting, chemotherapy and complementary therapy as key words in experimental studies. Eight korean articles and twenty-one international articles were analyzed in terms of general characteristics, research methods, and types of complementary therapy. Data were analyzed by using descriptive statistical methods. Result: Since 2000, researchers have more actively used complementary therapy. In subject characteristics, mean age was 35.5 years old, 45% of the researchers were performed with high level of incidence of chemotherapy induced vomiting, 14% of them set limit of consecutive cycle during research, and 65% of them did not comment the selecting criteria of sample. About 60% of them were designed post-test only control group: 35% used INV by Rhodes, 31% used Likert scale, and 24% used VAS for dependent variable. Muscle relaxation therapy was mostly applied for relief of nausea and vomiting. Conclusion: Further studies will be needed to control extrinsic variables affecting nausea and vomiting in research design and to accumulate evidence with studies applying various complementary therapies.

암 병동 간호사의 통증관리에 대한 지식과 태도

공성화,방찌야,서민숙,현신숙,김희정,이미애1,이미애2,유현희,허재경,김은애,박경숙 성인간호학회 2004 성인간호학회지 Vol.16 No.1

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge and attitudes of oncology ward nurses toward cancer pain management and to find ways to improve the educational program for nurses. Method: A total of 209 nurses working at the oncology ward of three hospitals in Seoul and a Gyenggi Province. The survey instrument used was the 32-item scale for evaluating nurses knowledge and attitudes originally developed by McCaffery and Ferrell'(1990). that was by Kim'(1997). Result: In terms of the nurses knowledge of pain management. the result showed that the nurses scored an average of 67.8 out of 100 for phamacokinetics of opioids. 84.8 for classification of analgesics, 60.1 for pain assessment, and 70.7 for drug administration. 18.2% of the nurses hesitate to inject the narcotic agent because of concerns regarding the drug's potential side effects. there was significant difference in the knowledge of pain management according to the general characteristics of pain in terms of the nurses age(p=.001), position (p=.016). years of experiences(p=.002), experience of cancer pain education(p= .001). Conclusion: The also showed that nurses working at cancer ward lack knowledge. It is important to provide intensive education to nurses about cancer pain management.

One of Ours와 A Lost Lady에 나타난 미국의 꿈

이경아,하미애 한국영어영문학회 경남지부 1997 현대영미어문학 Vol.15 No.2

복합레진 수복 시 재접착 술식이 미세누출에 미치는 영향

이미애,서덕규,손호현,조병훈 大韓齒科保存學會 2010 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.35 No.3

복합레진 수복시, 일반적으로 연마, 산부식, 수세 및 건조 단계를 거쳐 저점도 레진을 적용하는 재접착 술식을 통해 예상되는 수축간극을 봉쇄한다. 그러나, 이 과정은 재접착제 적용 이전에 물이나 잔사가 간극을 매워버릴 수 있어 그 효과가 의심된다. 본 실험에서는 연마 단계 이전, 즉 복합레진을 중합한 직후에 재접착제를 도포한다면 변연누출을 더 줄일 수 있을 것이라는 가설을 검증하고자 하였다. 실험을 위해 35개의 발거한 대구치에서 협면과 설면에 교합면 변연은 법랑질에, 치은측 변연은 상아질에 위치하는 5급 와동을 형성하였다. 와동은 Z250 (3M ESPE, USA)로 충전하였고, 접착제로는 AdperTM Single Bond 2(3M ESPE)을 사용하였다. 재접착제로는 Biscover LV (Bisco, USA) 레진 전색제와 ScotchBond Multi-purpose system(3M ESPE)의 접착제, 및 점도가 낮은 실험용 접착제를 연마 전 또는 일련의 연마 및 산부식 후 수복물의 변연에 적용하였다. 2% 메틸렌 블루 용액에 네 시간 동안 침적한 뒤 교합측 및 치은측 변연에서의 색소 침투 깊이를 광학 입체 현미경으로 측정하였다. 재접착제의 점도와 변연미세누출의 상관관계도 평가하였다. 재접착 술식, 재접착제, 및 변연의 위치, 그 각각에서는 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 관찰할 수 없었다. 그러나, 재접착 술식을 시행하지 않은 대조군의 경우에는 세 가지 재접착제를 사용한 재접착군에 비해 치은측 변연에서 미세누출이 통계적으로 유의하게 크게 나타났다(p < 0.05). 대조군과 재접착군의 미세누출의 차이는 교합측 변연에서는 관찰되지 않았다. 연마 및 산부식 후 치은변연에 재접착제를 적용한 경우에서 약한 음의 상관관계(r = -0.326, p = 0.041)를 보인 경우를 제외하고는, 재접착제의 점도와 미세누출은 유의한 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. During a composite resin restoration, an anticipating contraction gap is usually tried to seal with low-viscosity resin after successive polishing, etching, rinsing and drying steps, which as a whole is called rebonding procedure. However, the gap might already have been filled with water or debris before applying the sealing resin. We hypothesized that microleakage would decrease if the rebonding agent was applied before the polishing step, i.e., immediately after curing composite resin. On the buccal and lingual surfaces of 35 extracted human molar teeth, class V cavities were prepared withthe occlusal margin in enamel and the gingival margin in dentin. They were restored with a hybrid composite resin Z250 (3M ESPE, USA) using an adhesive AdperTM Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE). As rebonding agents, BisCover LV (Bisco, USA), ScotchBond Multi-Purpose adhesive (3M ESPE) and an experimental adhesive were applied on the restoration margins before polishing step or after successive polishing and etching steps. The infiltration depth of 2% methylene blue into the margin was measured using an optical stereomicroscope. The correlation between viscosity of rebonding agents and mciroleakage was also evaluated. There were no statistically significant differences in the microleakage within the rebonding procedures, within the rebonding agents, and within the margins. However, when the restorations were not rebonded, the microleakage at gingival margin was significantly higher than those groups rebonded with 3 agents (p < 0.05). The difference was not observed at the occlusal margin. No significant correlation was found between viscosity of rebonding agents and microleakage, except very weak correlation in case of rebonding after polishing and etching at gingival margin (r = -0.326, p = 0.041).

Some Aspects of Fantasy in Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

李美愛 경인여자대학 1992 경인논집 Vol.- No.1

아동이 지각한 사회적 지지와 자아존중감과의 관계

이미애,정회욱 木浦大學校 敎育硏究所 2004 교육연구 Vol.16/17 No.-

본 연구는 초등학교 아동들이 건강한 생활에 적응하는데 긍정적인 영향을 주는 자아존중감이 주변의 의미 있는 타인 즉, 아버지, 어머니, 담임선생님, 학급친구들로부터 받고 있다고 지각하는 사회적 지지와 어떤 상관이 있는가 알아보고자 하였다. 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 남자보다 여자 어린이가 친구의 지지를 많이 받고 있다고 지각하고 있었다. 아이들은 형제수가 적을수록 어머니의 지지를 많이 받고 있다고 지각하며, 어머니의 학력이 높을수록 아버지의 지지를 더 많이 받고 있다고 지각하였다. 아이들은 어머니의 학력이 높을수록 일반적 자아존중감이 높았고, 형제수가 적을수록 높은 가정적 자아존중감을 보였다. 아이들의 자아존중감은 사회적 지지의 하위 영역 중 정서적 지지와 가장 높은 상관을 보였으며, 사회적지지 제공자 중에서는 어머니의 지지와 가장 상관이 있었다. 또한, 아동의 학교와 관련된 자아존중감은 교사의 사회적지지 지각과 가장 높은 상관이 있었다. 또 아동의 사회적 자아존중감은 친구로부터의 지지 지각과 가장 상관이 높았다. 회귀분석의 결과 아이들의 자아존중감에 가장 영향을 많이 미치는 지지 제공자 변인은 어머니의 지지와 학급친구의 지지로 나타났다. The purpose of this is to investigate the correlation between children's social support provided by parents, teachers, classmates and other close people and children's self-esteem that have a meaninful effect on their wholesome life. In this research, 331 students of 6th grade students in Haenam, Jeon-Nam Province were selected. Coopersmith's self-esteem inventory revised by Whang Chang-gu(1988) was used to measure children's self-esteem and Park Ji-won(1985)'s social-support Inventory revised by Whang Yun-gyeong(1955) to measure children's social support. The relationship between social support and children's self-esteem were analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis. The results of the study were as follows; First, social support and children's personal variables(sex, the number of brothers, the number of family, parents' scholarship, etc) didn't have any correlation. Second, female students perceived more social support than male students did from friends. And students perceived more social support when they had fewer brothers and when their mothers had more school education. Third, children's self-esteem was high when their mothers had more school education and when they had fewer brothers. Fourth, the social support perceived by children and their self-esteem was correlated significantly. Particularly their self- esteem showed high correlation with emotional support perceived. That is, the more emotional support they perceived, the higher their self-esteem was. Fifth, children's self-esteem was influenced more by their mother's support than by any other kind of social support. Also their self-esteem in their school life had high correlation with the teachers' social support on themselves. Finally, mother's and friends' support had the highest influencing power on children's self-esteem.

탈지대두박을 활용한 콩치즈와 스폰지 케익의 품질특성

이숙영,박미정,최애진 중앙대학교 생활과학연구소 2001 생활과학논집 Vol.14 No.-

The effects of the different mixing ratios(10:0, 7:3, or 5:5) of Jinpum soybean milk to defatted soybean meal milk and the different enzyme treatments with α -chymotrypsin or trypsin on the yields, physicochemical and textural properties, and sensory characteristics of soybean cheeses were studied. The effects of the different replacement amounts(15, 30, or 45%) of defatted soybean meal on the physicochemical and sensory characteristics of sponge cake were also studied. In the results of yield, pH, lightness, hardness, mouthfeel and overall quality of sensory characteristics, the mixing ratio of 7:3 and the trypsin treatment were recommended for better manufacturing of high-quality soybean cheese. In the results of moisture contents, specific gravity, and overall quality of sensory characteristics, there were no significant differences between control and the sample of 15% replacement with untreated defatted soybean meal, and also between control and that of 30% replacement with trypsin-treated. The trypsin treatment of defatted soybean meal resulted in similar texture to control, the decrease in beany flavor, softer mouthfeel, and better moistness.

Shadows on the Rock에 나타난 미국의 꿈

이경아,하미애 慶南大學校 人文科學硏究所 1998 人文論叢 Vol.10 No.-

<ABSTRACT>The protagonists in Cather's novels written between 1920 and 1926 experience crises of self and desperately seek new avenues to personal fulfillment. In such portrayals. Cather moves farther away from any notion of success that centers on material gain or that elevates the individual, and toward an understanding the American Dream that is community-oriented and fundamentally at odds with wealth and position. Thus Cather in the early 1930's, when she wrote Shadow on the Rock, was still negotiating a position for herself on the American Dream.Published in 1931, Shadow on the Rock, seems an appropriate Depression-era novel, with its poor-but-happy, Shirley Temple type of heroine, who teaches her observers that they can find personal happiness without money or fame. And in the spirit of the Depression-era intellectual, more interested in a universal human community than in a specifically American community (Peeler 7), Cather "un-Americanizes" her setting by moving it beyond the United states to Canada. Cather at the end of this period seems especially to be reverencing communal values-represented by religion and Family-and perhaps thinking of abandoning or at least tempering the bolder individualism that early heroines such as Thea Kronborg and Marian Forrester display.At one point in the novel, Cather especially emphasizes this theme of traditions. In Shadows on the Rock, Cather clearly defines the community that more and more came to hold importance for her: the tradition-bearers who transmit values from past to present and preserve those values for future humanity. In fact, Cather in this novel uses religion as a concrete example of tradition: religion is not only a vehicle for the transmission of tradition, but it provides for those who cherish, practice, and spread it a sense of community and of belonging. For Cather, religion is a means of carrying that past to the future.Like religion, family gains importance as a symbol of community in this phase of Cather's writing. As Cather validates these two avenues to a tradition-based, self-affirming community-religion and family-she reflects a cultural shift in focus as America itself moved toward an era of economic upheaval and widespread disillusionment with the American Dream. The family community is actually elevated to the level of art and religion as a symbol of what must be preserved. The beauty and sacredness of family in this work perhaps reflects Cather's own growing awareness of how much her family meant to her. And Cather's need for family reflects not only a growing personal awareness of the importance of this initial community, but a growing national reawakening to the strength and power of the family as a unit.