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Jaeyoon Kim,Yujin Lee,Taeyong Yoo,Jungbin Kim,Jonghee Hyun,Inseok Park,Hyunjin Cho,Keunho Yang,Byungno Bae,Kihwan Kim,Kyeongmee Park,Geumhee Gwak 한국유방암학회 2019 Journal of Breast Disease Vol.7 No.1
Purpose: We aimed to investigate organ-specific recurrence or the metastatic pattern of breast cancer according to biological subtypes and clinical characteristics. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 168 patients with recurrent breast cancer who were diagnosed between January 1, 2000 and April 30, 2017. Four biological subtypes were classified according to estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2), and Ki-67 expression: luminal A, luminal B, HER2-enriched, and triple negative breast cancer (TNBC). To analyze recurrence patterns according to biological subtypes, we accessed clinical variables including age at diagnosis, TNM stage, type of surgery in the breast and axilla, histologic grade, nuclear grade, lymphatic, vascular, and neural invasion, Ki-67 expression and recurrence to distant organs. Results: The biological subtypes of recurrent breast cancer comprised the following luminal A (n=33, 19.6%), luminal B (n=95, 56.5%), HER2 enriched (n=19, 11.3%), and TNBC (n=21, 12.5%). Luminal A (7.7%) and B (6.5%) subtypes were associated with the increased rate of local recurrence compared to HER2-enriched (2.4%) and TNBC subtypes (1.8%) (p=0.005). The bone (53.6%) was the most common metastatic organ, followed by the lung (34.5%), liver (29.8%), brain (17.9%), and other visceral organ (7.7%). Bone metastasis was commonly observed in individuals with luminal B (63.2%), HER2-enriched (57.9%), and luminal A (42.4%) subtypes (p=0.005). Most liver metastases occur in individuals with luminal B (40.0%) and HER2-enriched subtypes (31.6%) (p=0.002). Conclusion: Luminal B subtype was commonly observed in individuals with recurrent breast cancer, and the bone is the most common target organ for breast cancer metastasis, followed by the lungs and liver.
대용량 정보처리기술을 통한 U-City 통합플랫폼 개선방안에 관한 연구
홍재주,이병노,이준형,원동현,Hong, Jaejoo,Lee, Byungno,Lee, Junhyeong,Won, Donghyun 한국공간정보학회 2015 한국공간정보학회지 Vol.23 No.3
It was necessary for us to establish a U-City Integrated platform to handle information and to operate the processes in order to solve various social problems in the modern cities and environment. As time has passed, we have confronted to difficulty in handling massive data with limited storage and computing environment and in not satisfying all the new requirements and on time information from the publics. The bigger the cost of the operation of the platform got, the more doubts to keep and invest more to upgrade it arose. Here, we investigated the limitations of the U-city platforms and analyzed the additional requirements and each function of the platform. In order to meet the requirement, we applied new technologies to deal with massive data and suggested the infrastructure of computing environment. We will be expecting the cost decreasing effects and the benefit increasing effects from the enhancement of U-City platform. 현대도시와 환경에서 발생하는 여러 종류의 사회문제를 해결하기 위한 목적으로 다양한 정보를 처리하고 운영하는 U-City 통합플랫폼이 도입되었다. 시간이 지나감에 따라 더 많은 자료를 처리해야 하는 어려움과 더불어 제한된 자원으로 적시의 필요한 정보를 찾는 사용자들의 요구를 만족시켜야 하는 어려움에 직면하게 되었다. 플랫폼의 운영비가 더 증가하면 할수록, 이를 유지하고 지속적인 투자를 해야 하는가에 대한 우려가 거세졌다. 이에 우리는 기존의 플랫폼의 한계점을 집어보고, 새로운 요구가 무엇인지 분석하고 기능 등을 개선하고자 하는 항목을 도출하였다. 이를 위해, 대용량 데이터를 처리할 수 있는 새로운 기술을 적용하였으며 전산환경의 기반을 제시하였다. U-City 통합플랫폼의 고도화로 비용절감의 효과와 편익 증가를 기대한다.