경도 및 중등도 본태성 고혈압환자에서 Amlodipine단독요법

안기완,서영환,김상도,박윤환,김철,조경상,김완중,홍순표 최신의학사 1992 最新醫學 Vol.35 No.9

Evaluation of in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Korean and Chinese Lonicera caerulea

You-Suk Lee,Il Je Cho,Joo Wan Kim,Sun-Kyoung Lee,Sae Kwang Ku,Hae-Jeung Lee 한국영양학회 2018 Nutrition Research and Practice Vol.12 No.6

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: The honeysuckle berry (HB) contains ascorbic acid and phenolic components, especially anthocyanins, flavonoids, and low-molecular-weight phenolic acids. In order to examine the potential of HB as a hepatoprotective medicinal food, we evaluated the in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of Korean HB (HBK) and Chinese HB (HBC). MATERIALS/METHODS: Antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of the extracts were examined in HepG2 and RAW 264.7 cells, respectively. The anti-oxidant capacity was determined by DPPH, SOD, CAT, and ARE luciferase activities. The production of nitric oxide (NO) as an inflammatory marker was also evaluated. The Nrf2-mediated mRNA levels of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), NAD(P)H dehydrogenase [quinone] 1 (Nqo1), and glutamate-cysteine ligase catalytic subunit (Gclc) were measured. The concentrations of HB extracts used were 3, 10, 30, 100, and 300 μg/mL. RESULTS: The radical scavenging activity of all HB extracts increased in a concentration-dependent manner (P < 0.01 or P < 0.05). SOD (P < 0.05) and CAT (P < 0.01) activities were increased by treatment with 300 μg/mL of each HB extract, when compared to those in the control. NO production was observed in cells pretreated with 100 or 300 μg/mL of HBC and HBK (P < 0.01). Treatment with 300 μg/mL of HBC significantly increased Nqo1 (P < 0.01) and Gclc (P < 0.05) mRNA levels compared to those in the control. Treatment with 300 μg/mL of HBK (P < 0.05) and HBC (P < 0.01) also significantly increased the HO-1 mRNA level compared to that in the control. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, the Korean and Chinese HBs were found to possess favorable in vitro anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. Nrf2 and its related anti-oxidant genes were associated with both anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in HB-treated cells. Further studies are needed to confirm these in vivo effects.

각종 마취유도체와 Succinylcholine-Chloride 가 전해질에 미치는 영향

김완식,박동호,서병태,김인규,장신유,장경덕,황영희,김흥대 대한마취과학회 1982 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.15 No.1

Midazolam maleate, a water soluble benzodiazepine unlike diazepam, was synthetized by Walser and Fryer in 1975. In order to evaluate the effectiveness as an induction agent for general anesthesia, 22 elective surgical patients belonging to ASA classification 1 and 2 were selected. And ten patients (male 7, female 3, average 33.5 years old) were induced with midazolam maleate 0.2mg/kg and twelve patients (mdale 7, female 5, average 32.5 years old) with diazepam 0.3 mg/kg. The results were summarized as follows. 1) Anesthesia was induced in all of midazolam group by one intravenous injection, but only 6 patients of diazepam group could induced by one injection and the other 6 patients needed 2 or more injections. 2) The changes of blood pressure and pulse rate after induction and intubation were almost similar in the two groups, but greater individual variation was seen in diazepam group. 3) A buring sensation following intravenous injection was noted in 11 cases of diazepam group, but none in midazolam group and no phlebitis in either group. From the above results, diazepam and midazolam are almost similar in nature but midazolam is definitely effective as an induction agent and has less side effects. Therefore midazolam maleate is regarded as a more effective agent than diazepam as an induction for general anesthesia.

시멘트 염소 함량과 콘크리트의 슬럼프, 압축강도 간의 상관관계 연구

김경석(Kyoung-Seok Kim),서동균(Dong-Kyun Seo),우지완(Ji-Wan Woo),최재원(Jae-Won Choi),유병노(Byeong-Know You) 한국건설순환자원학회 2024 한국건설순환자원학회 논문집 Vol.12 No.2

본 연구에서는 콘크리트 슬럼프 및 압축강도와 시멘트 염소 함량을 포함한 기타 요인과의 상관관계에 대해 통계적으로 분석하였다. 시멘트 염소 함량은 236 ~ 794 ppm 범위로 선정했으며, 기타 물성들은 KS L 5201 규격에 만족하는 시멘트를 사용하였다. 분석결과, 어떠한 요인들과도 초기 슬럼프와는 상관관계가 존재하지 않았다. 슬럼프 경시변화에서의 염소 성분은 강한 음의 상관관계를 나타내고 있으며, 1일 ~ 7일 압축강도에서는 강한 양의 상관관계를 갖고 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 한편, 28일 압축강도에서는 염소성분과 압축강도 간의 상관성이 없는 것으로 확인되었다. This study was analyzed the relationship between concrete slump, compressive strength and other factors such as the quantity of chloride or others using statistics method. The amount of chloride in cement was selected to range from 236 to 794 ppm, and cement that satisfied the KS L 5201 standard for other physical properties was used for this experiment. As a result, no factors had a interrelationship for initial slump and the strong-negative correlation between concrete slump elapsed time and the quantity of chloride. The proportion of chloride was shown as a strong-positive correlation for compressive strength from 1-day to 7-day curing. However, there was no correlation between chloride and compressive strength at 28-day curing.

Protein Kinase C-mediated Neuroprotective Action of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate against Aβ<SUB>1-42</SUB>-induced Apoptotic Cell Death in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells

Sujeong Jang,Kyoung Wan You,Song-Hee Kim,Sung Jun Park,Han-Seong Jeong,Jong-Seong Park 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2007 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.21 No.1

The neurotoxicity of amyloid β (Aβ) is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis, and it has been implicated in the development of Alzheimer s disease. While (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) suppresses Aβ-induced apoptosis, the mechanisms underlying this process have yet to be completely clarified. This study was designed to investigate whether EGCG plays a neuroprotective role by activating cell survival system such as protein kinase C (PKC), extracellular-signal-related kinase (ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), and anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic genes in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. One μM Aβ<SUB>1-42</SUB> decreased cell viability, which was correlated with increased DNA fragmentation evidenced by DAPI staining. Pre-treatment of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells with EGCG (1μM) significantly attenuated Aβ1-42-induced cytotoxicity. Potential cell signaling candidates involved in this neuroprotective effects were further examined. EGCG restored the reduced PKC, ERK, and JNK activities caused by Aβ<SUB>1-42 </SUB>toxicity. In addition, gene expression analysis revealed that EGCG prevented both the Aβ<SUB>1-42</SUB>-induced expression of a pro-apoptotic gene mRNA, Bad and Bax, and the decrease of an anti-apoptotic gene mRNA, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. These results suggest that the neuroprotective mechanism of EGCG against Aβ<SUB>1-42</SUB>-induced apoptotic cell death includes stimulation of PKC, ERK, and JNK, and modulation of cell survival and death genes.

교사 직무수행 실태 분석

한유경(Han You-kyung),박상완(Park Sang-wan),서경혜(Seo Kyoung-hye),전제상(Jeon Je-sang) 한국열린교육학회 2008 열린교육연구 Vol.16 No.3

  학교에서 교원의 잡무가 많다는 문제는 빈번하게 제기되어 왔지만, 교사의 직무와 직무가 아닌 일을 구분하는 기준은 무엇인지, 실제 교사들이 어느 정도의 직무부담을 갖고 있는지, 어떤 직무에 대한 조정이 필요한지에 대해서는 실증적인 분석이 충분히 이루어지지 못했다. 이러한 문제 인식에서 본 논문은 각급학교 교사들의 직무수행 실태를 보다 실증적이고 체계적으로 분석하고자 한다. 이를 위해 본 연구에서는 초중등학교 교사를 대상으로 직무영역별 직무수행 시간과 직무 중요도 및 향후 업무조정 방안을 조사하였다 교사 직무수행 실태를 조사한 결과 첫째, 초중등학교 교사의 직무수행 시간은 학교급이 높아질수록 적으며, 수업 계획 및 준비와 수업에 대부분의 시간을 사용하는 것으로 나타났다 교무분장업무수행에 사용하는 시간은 초중고 모두 약 10%로 조사되었다. 둘째, 직무영역별 직무 중요도에 인식은 초중고 모두 평균 4.0 이상으로 나타났으며, 직무수행시간과 중요도 인식간의 차이가 두드러지는 직무영역은 교내외 연수 참여, 학교교육과정 편성 및 운영이다 셋째, 교사 직무조정과 관련하여 초중고 모두 90% 이상 이 현행유지를 선호하였다. 직무영역별로 보면, 수업 외 학생 과제검사 및 평가, 학급경영, 특별 활동지도, 학생생활지도 등 교사의 핵심 직무영역에서, 학교급별로는 초등교사가 이들 직무 영역에서 지원인력전담에 대한 응답 비율이 상대적으로 높게 나타났다.   The purpose of this study is to analyze the actual work conditions of classroom teachers. The workloads of classroom teachers has been major issues among school teachers, unions, and policy makers to assure the quality teaching. Since late 1990s, government have developed policies to reduce the workloads of teachers and tried to develop performance standards for classroom teachers.<BR>  In this respect, this study try to explore 1) the actual time teachers spent in doing their works, 2) the importance of each works(work areas), 3) ideas about work reallocation for quality teaching in the future. The major research method employed are the record of primary and secondary school teachers" work time for one week(Mon. thru. Sat.). Outcomes of this research are as follows: 1) The primary school teachers" work time is longer than that of secondary school teachers. During regular work hours, teachers spend substantial time on performing classroom instruction and teaching and learning related activities such as planning and preparing for instruction. But time for administrative works are about 10% in all school levels. 2) The amount of time spent and the degree of importance of works are not hand in hand in several work areas such as school curriculum planning and managing and professional training. Discrepancies in the degree of importance and the time spent should be thoroughly explored in the future. 3) According to our survey, teachers think more than 90% of teachers" work should be remain to teachers" hand and less than 5% of teachers" work should be charged to new school staff. Especially primary school teachers want supporting staff for extra curriculum activities, student counselor and classroom management.

Non-lipid effects of rosuvastatin–fenofibrate combination therapy in high-risk Asian patients with mixed hyperlipidemia

Lee, Sang-Hak,Cho, Kyoung-Im,Kim, Jang-Young,Ahn, Young Keun,Rha, Seung-Woon,Kim, Yong-Jin,Choi, Yun-Seok,Choi, Si Wan,Jeon, Dong Woon,Min, Pil-Ki,Choi, Dong-Ju,Baek, Sang Hong,Kim, Kwon Sam,Byun, You Elsevier 2012 Atherosclerosis Vol.221 No.1

<P><B>Highlights</B></P><P>► Rosuvastatin–fenofibrate combination and rosuvastatin monotherapy were compared. ► We randomized 180 Asians with mixed hyperlipidemia with 24-week drug treatment. ► Incidences of muscle or liver enzyme elevation were similar between the two groups. ► The combination changed homocysteine, renal and hematologic parameters more.</P> <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P><B>Objective</B></P><P>The aim of this study is to compare the non-lipid effects of rosuvastatin–fenofibrate combination therapy with rosuvastatin monotherapy in high-risk Asian patients with mixed hyperlipidemia.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>A total of 236 patients were initially screened. After six weeks of diet and life style changes, 180 of these patients were randomly assigned to receive one of two regimens: rosuvastatin 10mg plus fenofibrate 160mg or rosuvastatin 10mg. The primary outcome variables were the incidences of muscle or liver enzyme elevation. The patients were followed for 24 weeks during drug treatment and for an additional four weeks after drug discontinuation.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>The rates of the primary outcome variables were similar between the two groups (2.8% and 3.9% in the combination and the rosuvastatin groups, respectively, <I>p</I>=1.00). The combination group had more, but not significantly, common treatment-related adverse events (AEs) (13.3% and 5.6%, respectively) and drug discontinuation due to AEs (10.0% and 3.3%, respectively) than the rosouvastatin group. Combination therapy was associated with higher elevations in homocysteine, blood urea nitrogen, and serum creatinine, whereas elevation in alanine aminotransferase was greater in the rosuvastatin group. Leukocyte count and hemoglobin level decreased to a greater extent in the combination group. The combination group showed greater reductions in TG and elevation in HDL-cholesterol.</P><P><B>Conclusion</B></P><P>In our study population, the rosuvastatin–fenofibrate combination resulted in comparable incidences of myo- or hepatotoxicity as rosuvastatin monotherapy. However, this combination may need to be used with caution in individuals with underlying pathologies such as renal dysfunction (NCT01414803).</P>

Protein Kinase C-mediated Neuroprotective Action of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate against $A{\beta}_{1-42}$-induced Apoptotic Cell Death in SH-SY5Y Neuroblastoma Cells

Jang, Su-Jeong,You, Kyoung-Wan,Kim, Song-Hee,Park, Sung-Jun,Jeong, Han-Seong,Park, Jong-Seong The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2007 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.11 No.5

The neurotoxicity of amyloid $\beta(A\beta)$ is associated with an increased production of reactive oxygen species and apoptosis, and it has been implicated in the development of Alzheimer's disease. While(-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate(EGCG) suppresses $A\beta$-induced apoptosis, the mechanisms underlying this process have yet to be completely clarified. This study was designed to investigate whether EGCG plays a neuroprotective role by activating cell survival system such as protein kinase C(PKC), extracellular-signal-related kinase(ERK), c-Jun N-terminal kinase(JNK), and anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic genes in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells. One ${\mu}M\;A{\beta}_{1-42}$ decreased cell viability, which was correlated with increased DNA fragmentation evidenced by DAPI staining. Pre-treatment of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells with EGCG($1{\mu}M$) significantly attenuated $A{\beta}_{1-42}$-induced cytotoxicity. Potential cell signaling candidates involved in this neuroprotective effects were further examined. EGCG restored the reduced PKC, ERK, and JNK activities caused by $A{\beta}_{1-42}$ toxicity. In addition, gene expression analysis revealed that EGCG prevented both the $A{\beta}_{1-42}$-induced expression of a pro-apoptotic gene mRNA, Bad and Bax, and the decrease of an anti-apoptotic gene mRNA, Bcl-2 and Bcl-xl. These results suggest that the neuroprotective mechanism of EGCG against $A{\beta}_{1-42}$-induced apoptotic cell death includes stimulation of PKC, ERK, and JNK, and modulation of cell survival and death genes.

The Major Catalase Gene (katA) of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PA14 Is under both Positive and Negative Control of the Global Transactivator OxyR in Response to Hydrogen Peroxide

Heo, Yun-Jeong,Chung, In-Young,Cho, Wan-Je,Lee, Bo-Young,Kim, Jung-Hoon,Choi, Kyoung-Hee,Lee, Jin-Won,Hassett, Daniel J.,Cho, You-Hee American Society for Microbiology 2010 Journal of Bacteriology Vol.192 No.2

<B>ABSTRACT</B><P>The adaptive response to hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in <I>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</I> involves the major catalase, KatA, and OxyR. However, neither the molecular basis nor the relationship between the aforementioned proteins has been established. Here, we demonstrate that the transcriptional activation of the <I>katA</I> promoter (<I>katAp</I>) in response to H2O2 was abrogated in the <I>P. aeruginosa</I> PA14 <I>oxyR</I> null mutant. Promoter deletion analyses revealed that H2O2-mediated induction was dependent on a region of DNA −76 to −36 upstream of the H2O2-responsive transcriptional start site. This region harbored the potential operator sites (OxyR-responsive element [ORE]) of the <I>Escherichia coli</I> OxyR binding consensus. Deletion of the entire ORE not only abolished H2O2-mediated induction but also elevated the basal transcription, suggesting the involvement of OxyR and the ORE in both transcriptional activation and repression. OxyR bound to the ORE both <I>in vivo</I> and <I>in vitro</I>, demonstrating that OxyR directly regulates the <I>katAp</I>. Three distinct mobility species of oxidized OxyR were observed in response to 1 mM H2O2, as assessed by free thiol trapping using 4-acetamido-4′-maleimidylstilbene-2,2′-disulfonic acid. These oxidized species were not observed for the double mutants with mutations in the conserved cysteine (Cys) residues (C199 and C208). The uninduced transcription of <I>katAp</I> was elevated in an <I>oxyR</I> mutant with a mutation of Cys to serine at 199 (C199S) and even higher in the <I>oxyR</I> mutant with a mutation of Cys to alanine at 199 (C199A) but not in <I>oxyR</I> mutants with mutations in C208 (C208S and C208A). In both the C199S and the C208S mutant, however, <I>katAp</I> transcription was still induced by H2O2 treatment, unlike in the <I>oxyR</I> null mutant and the C199A mutant. The double mutants with mutations in both Cys residues (C199S C208S and C199A C208S) did not differ from the C199A mutant. Taken together, our results suggest that <I>P. aeruginosa</I> OxyR is a bona fide transcriptional regulator of the <I>katA</I> gene, sensing H2O2 based on the conserved Cys residues, involving more than one oxidation as well as activation state <I>in vivo</I>.</P>

A Case of Massive Hematochezia from Appendiceal Dieulafoy`s Lesion

( Geum Soo Lee ),( Sang Wook Park ),( Kyoung Wan You ),( Du Jin Kim ),( Hyeong Chul Moon ),( Gun Young Hong ) 대한내과학회 2011 대한내과학회 추계학술발표논문집 Vol.2011 No.1

Background: Lower gastrointestinal bleeding generally signifies bleeding from diverticulosis, colonic polyps or cancer, colitis and anorectal disorders. Acute lower gastrointestinal bleeding from appendix is very rare disease and the causes are reported as angiodysplasia, diverticulum, appendicitis and endometrosis. Case: We experience a case of 22-year-old man, who was healthy, with severe lower gastrointestinal bleeding. Colonoscopy reveals large amount of fresh blood and blood coagula in entire colon. Definitive evidence of bleeding was not observed at terminal ileum. After saline irrigation, active bleeding from the appendiceal orifice was identified. On the abdominal computed tomography, any evidence of pathologic findings of appendix was not detected. On the day laparoscopic appendectomy was performed. On gross finding of resected appendix, about 2 mm sized exposed vessel was noted on mucosa. On microscopic findings, single large tortuous arteriole in ulcerated mucosa, that Dieulafoy`s lesion. Conclusion: We report here on the case lower gastrointestinal bleeding that was due to Dieulafoy`s lesion on appendix. There was not any report about appendiceal Dieualfoy`s lesion on literature review.