Reconsideration of Multi-R Phenomena in English

( Kwanyoung Oh ) 현대영미어문학회 2015 현대영미어문학회 추계학술대회 발표논문집 Vol.2015 No.-

A Phonological Approach to the Contextual Variances of the English Lateral /l/

Kwanyoung Oh 21세기영어영문학회 2014 영어영문학21 Vol.27 No.3

The purpose of this study is to explore distributional variants of English /l/s which are differently realized depending on their contexts, to suggest different methods of analysis through feature geometry, and to compare two contrastive analyses of variants in English dialects, GA and RP, which are performed by rule orderings and level approach each differently. Generally, allophony of the English lateral is shown in two types of forms, prevocalic (clear or light)-l and post-vocalic (dark)-l. These are phonetically distinguishable. However, when we look into some examples, there are other cases in which the /l/s become deleted as in talk or syllabic -ls as in bottle. This paper attempted to account for variants of /l/ in phonological approaches. First, this study showed that, in the cases of the dark-l and l-deletion in monosyllabic words, different methods of analysis suggested in feature geometry with phonetic information were clearer and more concise than the approaches based on rule orderings. Second, for the identification of the clear and dark-l, this paper introduced level approaches to account for these variations. As a result, they offer briefer and more convincing explanations to variants in words which were followed by morphological boundaries or were disyllabic than approaches based on rule orderings.

A Comparative Study on the Approaches of ŋ-distribution and its Analyses

Kwanyoung Oh 국제언어인문학회 2018 인문언어 Vol.20 No.2

The purpose of doing this study is to identify the velar nasal distribution and to explain the phonological phenomena relating to the sequence ng either in words or suffixation from different angles which are based on a harmonic approach. For this, first we consider rule-based analyses such as boundaries (Wolfram and Johnson 1981), a sonority restriction (Roca and Johnson 1999), and lexical levels (Borowsky 1986). However, those showed some limitations of explanation as to the interrelation of g deletion and syllabification closely related to the sequence ng. As an alternative, we examined the constraints-based analyses depending on some constraints such as Max (More-Salient C) >> No Complex Coda >> Max (Less-Salient C) (Lee 1997) or parochial constraint (long([+tense])) and analogical constraint (OO(long, song; ɔ) & OO(long, song; ŋ)), etc. (Green 2001). But those explanations were complicated due to a lack of conciseness as well as either biased towards the deletion of the final consonants or the contexts of vowels occurring before the velar nasal. Therefore, in a harmonic approach, we could explain the issues (g deletion and syllabification of g) relating to the sequence ng more concisely through foot structures in level constructions than through the other analytical methods mentioned.

An Analysis of Gemination and Degemination in English

Kwanyoung Oh 한국영어어문교육학회 2015 영어어문교육 Vol.21 No.3

The purpose of this study is to investigate geminates, classify them into assimilated geminates and concatenated ones, and analyze them in phonologically different aspects. For the assimilated geminates cases, first we consider previous approaches, such as rule-based analyses, coalescence, and ambisyllabicity with their comparisons, but these methods cannot account for the motivation of deletion of a consonant in gemination occurring after assimilation. Therefore, as an alternative to these analyses, we adopt a constraint-based approach to account for them clearly. On the other hand, for the concatenated geminates, we propose the different idea that the gemination is not shortening by degemination, but rather lengthening effects by assimilation and it can be explained appropriately more in moraic representation than in other approaches. As a way of proving this, we research and examine the duration of a geminate and a singleton in acoustic aspects. Finally, as was supposed, we can confirm the fact that the results of experimental studies regarding the duration of geminated consonants show that they are much longer than just their singleton counterparts. In addition, when we teach students English pronunciation, this may be a cue to refer to as useful information.

Prosodic Approaches to Ambisyllabic Consonants in English

Kwanyoung Oh 국제언어인문학회 2016 인문언어 Vol.18 No.-

This paper explores the characteristics of ambisyllabicity in order to investigate a motive for it. After reviewing previous explanatory methods, we suggested a new approach based on prosodic structure, and through the new representation, we can account for the sonorant devoicing and the difference of segment duration in gemination by ambisyllabicity. First, we critically reviewed some approaches depending on an ambisyllabic rule and the syllable weight principle, but those analyses did not provide a satisfactory explanation regarding the reason for the intervocalic consonant to be treated as an ambisyllabic consonant. However, when we adopt the moraic structure, we can show ambisyllabicity well in the correlation between syllable weight and stress. As regards flapping and ambisyllabicity, which are regarded as occurring in the same environment, to the contrary, in this paper, we can recognize that the environments of each of ambisyllabicity and flapping are not always the same. Also, with respect to sonorant devoicing, when the intervocalic consonants are treated as ambisyllabic, we can well account for the reason why the sonorant devoicing occurs. Finally, with respect to gemination, although gemination has the same environments as ambisyllabicity, we can demonstrate that, first, gemination phonologically derived across a word boundary results in ambisyllabicity, and second, geminates are not the same in segment duration depending on the ambisyllabic structures. Thus we can say that geminates do not exhibit the same characteristics as ambisyllabicity, and geminates are longer in segment duration than a singleton.

A Constraint-based Approach to Affixation in English : Vowel Alternation and Stress Change

Kwanyoung Oh 국제언어인문학회 2017 인문언어 Vol.19 No.2

The purpose of the study is to account for vowel-laxing and tensing by suffixation in English through constraint-analyses on the assumption that a vowel was inserted before some suffixes, with or without stress change depending on certain contexts. There is a view that while vowel-initial suffixes cause such phonological phenomena, consonant-initial suffixes are not responsible for them. When we examined some instances, it was observed that several Class I suffixes begin with /i/, such as -ity, -ify, -ic, -ial, -ian, and -ious which were associated with vowel-laxing (Yip 1987:465). Therefore, we identify a possible cause of complex phonological effects as being vowel-insertion in some suffixes (Aronoff 1976, Fudge 1984, Yip 1987, Raffelsiefen 1998), resulting in allomorphs, and -ic containing a stem-forming vowel. To present the basis of vowel-insertion in some suffixes, we consider the suffixes from historical and theoretical perspectives. As for vowel-laxing in suffixation, we look into rule-based approaches, such as Halle and Mohanan’s (1985) collapsed Shortening, Yip’s Pre-Cluster Shortening, and Roca and Johnson’s (1999) mora-based analysis, but these analyses do not provide a satisfactory explanation for vowel-laxing with stress change. Regarding vowel-tensing in suffixation, we also review Halle and Mohanan’s rule, but it does not give us an appropriate explanation for tensing, not to mention the stress change. Therefore, we look for constraint-based approaches as an alternative, and finally can account for the complex phonological phenomena more consistently and concisely than the rule-based approaches.

영어 lC 자음군에 관한 역사적 조명과 음운적 고찰

오관영(Oh, Kwanyoung) 한국영어어문교육학회 2010 영어어문교육 Vol.16 No.4

The purpose of this study is to investigate /I/-deletion in IC clusters which are composed of a lateral followed by consonants at syllable-final position in English. For this, I have analyzed /I/-deletion in words depending on conditions and theoretical analyses such as Sonority Sequencing Generalization, Cluster Simplification, Complex sounds and merger, and Feature Geometry, but they didn't offer a very satisfactory explanation to the phenomenon. Therefore, I adopted a historical approach in order to determine the cause and origin of /I/-deletion in IC clusters, and then as a phonological analysis tool, I relied on the constraints and their ranking in Optimal Theory framework for explaining /I/-deletion in the clusters more consistently. As a result, I can explain the phenomenon more explicitly than from the above mentioned analyses.

Comparative Analysis on the Calibration Methods on the Heston Model

Kwanyoung lee(이관영),Taegu Kim(김태구),Deok-Joo Lee(이덕주),Hyungsik Oh(오형식) 한국경영과학회 2015 한국경영과학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.4

Comparative Analysis on the Calibration Methods on the Heston Model

Kwanyoung lee(이관영),Taegu Kim(김태구),Deok-Joo Lee(이덕주),Hyungsik Oh(오형식) 대한산업공학회 2015 대한산업공학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2015 No.4

Determination of HIF-1α degradation pathways via modulation of the propionyl mark

Kwanyoung Jeong,Jinmi Choi,Ahrum Choi,Joohee Shim,Young Ah Kim,Chang-Seok Oh,Hong-Duk Youn,Eun-Jung Cho 생화학분자생물학회 2023 BMB Reports Vol.56 No.4

The hypoxia-inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a key regulator ofhypoxic stress under physiological and pathological conditions. HIF-1α protein stability is tightly regulated by the ubiquitin-proteasomesystem (UPS) and autophagy in normoxia, hypoxia,and the tumor environment to mediate the hypoxic response. However, the mechanisms of how the UPS and autophagy interplayfor HIF-1α proteostasis remain unclear. Here, we founda HIF-1α species propionylated at lysine (K) 709 by p300/CREBbinding protein (CBP). HIF-1α stability and the choice of degradationpathway were affected by HIF-1α propionylation. K709-propionylation prevented HIF-1α from degradation throughthe UPS, while activated chaperon-mediated autophagy (CMA)induced the degradation of propionylated and nonpropionylatedHIF-1α. CMA contributed to HIF-1α degradation in both normoxiaand hypoxia. Furthermore, the pan-cancer analysis showedthat CMA had a significant positive correlation with the hypoxicsignatures, whereas SIRT1, responsible for K709-depropionylationcorrelated negatively with them. Altogether, our results revealeda novel mechanism of HIF-1α distribution into two differentdegradation pathways.