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Premysl Landa,Ladislav Kokoska,Marie Pribylova,Tomas Vanek,Petr Marsik 대한약학회 2009 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.32 No.1
Possible anti-inflammatory effect of carvacrol was evaluated by in vitro cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) assay. Carvacrol inhibited production of prostaglandin E2 catalysed by COX-2 with an IC50 value of 0.8 μM what is practically the same concentration as the IC50 obtained for the standard inhibitors indomethacin and NS-398 with values of 0.7 μM and 0.8 μM, respectively. The COX-1 was inhibited approximately at the same rate (IC50 of 0.7 μM for carvacrol), which suggests non-selective inhibition of both enzyme isoforms. The results of the study demonstrate possible anti-inflammatory potential of this compound due to the inhibition of inducible COX-2 isoform.
Premysl Landa,Petr Marsik,Jaroslav Havlik,Pavel Kloucek,Tomas Vanek,Ladislav Kokoska 한국식품영양과학회 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.2
Seed extracts from six species of the genus Nigella (Family Ranunculaceae)—Nigella arvensis, Nigella damascena, Nigella hispanica, Nigella nigellastrum, Nigella orientalis, and Nigella sativa—obtained by successive extraction with n-hexane, chloroform, and methanol, were tested for their antimicrobial activity against 10 strains of pathogenic bacteria and yeast using the microdilution method as well as for anti-inflammatory properties by in vitro cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 assay. Chemical characterization of active extracts was carried out including free and fixed fatty acid analysis. Comparison of antimicrobial activity showed that N. arvensis chloroform extract was the most potent among all species tested, inhibiting Gram-positive bacterial and yeast strains with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.25 to 1 mg/mL. With the exception of selective inhibitory action of n-hexane extract of N. orientalis on growth of Bacteroides fragilis (MIC = 0.5 mg/mL), we observed no antimicrobial activity for other Nigella species. Anti-inflammatory screening revealed that N. sativa, N. orientalis, N. hispanica, N. arvensis n-hexane, and N. hispanica chloroform extracts had strong inhibitory activity (more than 80%) on COX-1 and N. orientalis, N. arvensis, and N. hispanica n-hexane extracts were most effective against COX-2, when the concentration of extracts was 100 μg/mL in both COX assays. In conclusion, N. arvensis, N. orientalis, and N. hispanica seeds, for the first time examined for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, revealed their significant activity in one or both assays.
Landa, Premysl,Marsik, Petr,Havlik, Jaroslav,Kloucek, Pavel,Vanek, Tomas,Kokoska, Ladislav The Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition 2009 Journal of medicinal food Vol.12 No.2
Seed extracts from six species of the genus Nigella (Family Ranunculaceae)-Nigella arvensis, Nigella damascena, Nigella hispanica, Nigella nigellastrum, Nigella orientalis, and Nigella sativa-obtained by successive extraction with n-hexane, chloroform, and methanol, were tested for their antimicrobial activity against 10 strains of pathogenic bacteria and yeast using the microdilution method as well as for anti-inflammatory properties by in vitro cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 assay. Chemical characterization of active extracts was carried out including free and fixed fatty acid analysis. Comparison of antimicrobial activity showed that N. arvensis chloroform extract was the most potent among all species tested, inhibiting Gram-positive bacterial and yeast strains with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values ranging from 0.25 to 1 mg/mL. With the exception of selective inhibitory action of n-hexane extract of N. orientalis on growth of Bacteroides fragilis (MIC = 0.5 mg/mL), we observed no antimicrobial activity for other Nigella species. Anti-inflammatory screening revealed that N. sativa, N. orientalis, N. hispanica, N. arvensis n-hexane, and N. hispanica chloroform extracts had strong inhibitory activity (more than 80%) on COX-1 and N. orientalis, N. arvensis, and N. hispanica n-hexane extracts were most effective against COX-2, when the concentration of extracts was $100\;{\mu}g/mL$ in both COX assays. In conclusion, N. arvensis, N. orientalis, and N. hispanica seeds, for the first time examined for antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects, revealed their significant activity in one or both assays.