수지상세포의 방사선 저항성에 대한 연구

김은실,김종순,이명호,범희승,민정준,정환정,김성민,허영준,송호천,이제중 대한핵의학회 2003 핵의학 분자영상 Vol.37 No.3

목적 : 림프구와 비교되는 수지상 세포의 방사선 민감성을 보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 말초혈액에서 분리한 T 림프구에 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30 Gy의 방사선을 조사하고 4시간 후에 유세포 분석기를 이용하여 선량별 세포고사 빈도를 관찰하였다. 또한 조혈모세포에서 미성숙 및 성숙 수지상 세포를 단계적으로 분리 배양하여 각각 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30 Gy, 100 Gy의 방사선을 조사하고 4시간, 24시간 그리고 48 시간 후에 선량별 세포고사 빈도를 관찰하였다. 사이토스핀(cytospin)슬라이드에 림프구와 미성숙 및 성숙 수지상세포를 3×104개 씩 분주하고 May Grunwald-Giemsa 염색한 후, 광학 현미경 하에서 각각의 세포군 당 100개의 세포에서 세포 면적당 핵의 면적 비를 측정하였다. 결과 : 림프구에서는 방사선조사 선량별로 세포고사 빈도가 유의하게 증가하였으나, 수지상 세포에서는 그 분화정도나 방사선조사 선량에 따른 세포고사의 빈도차이가 없었다. 또한 수지상 세포는 방사선선량과 관계없이 용량에 의존적으로 강력한 T-세포 자극능을 보였다. 림프구의 세포에 대한 핵의 면적 비는 미성숙 및 성숙 수지상세포의 세포에 대한 핵의 면적 비보다 현저히 큰 반면, 두 가지 수지상세포간에 유의한 차이는 없었다. 결론 : 수지상세포는 그 분화도와 상관없이 림프구에 비하여 방사선 저항성을 나타내었고, 이는 세포의 형태적 차이에 따른 표적의 크기와 관련이 있을 것으로 생각되며, 향후 분자 생물학적인 연구의 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. Purpose : To evaluate radiation sensitivity of dendritic cells in comparison with lymphocytes. Materials and methods : T lymphocytes captured from peripheral blood were irradiated by 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30Gy. Apoptosis was measured by flowcytometry for staining of Annexin V 4 hours after irradiation. Immature and mature dendritic cells processed from blood hematopoietic stern cell were irradiated by 0 Gy, 10 Gy, 30 Gy, 100 Gy respectively and apoptosis was measured by flowcytometry with time difference as 4h, 24h and 48h after irradiation. Morphometric analysis by percent nucleus was measured in three cell groups, also. Results : Lymphocytes showed radiation sensitivity by increasing apoptotic fraction according to radiation dose. However, both mature and immature dendritic cells showed consistent fraction of apoptosis in spite of increasing radiation dose. Percent nucleus ratio is significantly higher in lymphocytes than that of mature or immature dendritic cells. Stimulation of T-cell by dendritic cells was not changed after irradiation. Conclusion : Dendritic cells showed radioresistance which was associated with small size of nucleus in comparison with lymphocytes and this result would be used as a basal data of radio-labelling for the cellular trafficking studies in nuclear medicine fields.

정상상피세포(HaCat)와 자궁경부 암세포(SiHa)에서 GeneFishing^(TM) PCR technique을 이용한 유전자 발현의 변화

김병훈,배수미,서민제,김용완,이정웅,김용욱,이준모,남궁성은,김종국,안웅식 대한부인종양 콜포스코피학회 2003 Journal of Gynecologic Oncology Vol.14 No.4

목적 : 본 실험의 목적은 정상상피 세포와 자궁경부 암세포 사이에서 유전자의 발현 차이를 조사하였다. 연구 방법 : 정상상피 세포(HaCat)와 자궁암 세포(SiHa)를 사용하였으며, 두 세포 간에 유전자 발현 차이를 GeneFish^(TM) PCR을 이용하여 알아보았으며, BLAST serach를 통해 분석하였다. 결과 : 정상상피 세포와 자궁암 세포 비교 결과, 자궁암 세포에서 S1-2-2와 S5-1을 포함한 25개의 유전자가 발현이 증가하였고, 24개의 유전자가 감소하였다. 결론 : GeneFishing^(TM) PCR기법은 유전자의 발현 변화를 확인하는데 있어서 아주 민감하고 효과적인 방법이다. 우리는 정상상피 세포와 자궁경부 암세포에서 다르게 발현하는 유전자를 찾을 수 있었고, 앞으로는, 종양의 발생과 진행과정에 관여하는 유전자를 더 탐지하고 해당 유전자의 기능을 연구할 필요가 있다고 생각된다. Objective : The purpose of this study is investigated the differentially expressed genes between normal and cervical cancer cell line. Methods : We used normal human keratinocyte (HaCaT) as a control and HPV-16 positive cervical cancer (SiHa) cell line. Two cell lines were studied differential expressed genes by using GeneFishing^(TM) PCR and analyzed with BLAST search. Results : As compared with normal, cervical cancer cell line was showed 25 up-regulated genes including the S1-2-2, S5-1 and 24 down-regulated genes. Conclusion : GeneFish^(TM) PCR test is very sensitive and effective method for detection of changed gene expression. We could search differentially expressed genes between normal and cervical cancer cell line. In the future, we need to research various genes function to participate in the process of tumor development and progression.

하악골 절제술후 재이식된 돌결자가골 재이식 : 치험 3례

김 식,김수관,김운규,김수민,류종희,이준길,조경안,김수흥,정태영,여환호 대한악안면성형재건외과학회 2001 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.23 No.2

We described three cases of immediate reimplantation of a frozen-thawed autogenous mandible composed of a mixture of iliac bone, marrow, and particulate hydroxyapatite in tumors of the mandible. Acceptable outcomes were obtained in three patients who underwent immediate autogenous mandibular graft reconstruction. The conditions leading to successful outcome of the procedure are also discussed. Reimplantation of frozen autogenous lesioned mandible was performed in three patients with mandibular tumors. Two reimplanted grafts survived without complications following surgery. One case had postoperative infection that resolved with appropriate antibiotic treatment. There were no recurrences of the primary lesions. Satisfactory facial contour after surgery was achieved. These results are most promising, and we believe that, with further refinement, this technique will offer a new and acceptable modality for facial reconstruction in patients with cancer.

척추수술시 LABETALOL 을 이용한 유도저혈압

김종수,도상환,민성원 대한마취과학회 1994 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.27 No.1

The effect of labetalol on induced hypotension was studied in 13 patients undergoing major spine surgery. Hypotension was induced with initial dose of labetalol 0.4 mg/kg i.v. followed by 0.01 mg/kg/min i.v.infusion. BP, HR, and CVP were measured before, during, and after hypotension. Anesthesia was maintained with isoflurane (0.5-2 vol%) and N2O in 50% O2 supplemented by pancuronium. The time to systolic BP 75-85 mmHg or mean BP 55-65 mmHg was 18.5±2.8min and the time for systolic BP to recover 90% of prehypotensive value was 45.5±4.2 min. Heart rate was reduced signiTicantly after hypotension but remained stable at 80-90 beats/min thereafter. Central venous pressure showed no significant change irrespective of hypotension. The results suggest that combined use of fentanyl with labetalol or disuse of pancumnium may reduce the required dose of labetalol.

Propofol 마취와 Enflurane 마취간의 인지기능 및 정신운동기능의 회복에 관한 비교

박종민,이재민,김성년 대한마취과학회 1996 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.30 No.3

Backgrounds: For out-patient anesthesia a safe and rapid postoperative recovery, especially, the full recovery of psychological function for $quot;street fitness$quot; has become increasingly important. Up to the present, the scoring system - Steward postanesthesia recovery score - has been frequently used for the decision of discharge. But this system focuses on recovery of vital signs, other objective tests are needed to investigate cognitive and psychomotor function which is suitable for estimation of $quot;street fitness$quot;. Methods: The propofol group(n=70) received fentanyl 0.8 ㎍/kg followed by propofol I mg/kg for anesthesia induction. Continuous propofol infusion was initiated upon induction. Ventilation was supported with N₂O-O₂ mixture. The enflurane group(n=70) was induced with sodium thiopental 4 mg/kg. 2.0 vo1% of enflurane with N₂O-O₂ mixture was initiated immediately upon induction. Both group received vecuronium 0.08 mg/kg as muscle relaxants. We measured Steward postanesthesia recovery score as scoring sm and seven kinds of parameters as cognitive and psychomotor function test. The tests were performed at three measurement points; the day before the operation and 30, 60 minutes after extubation. Results: By the scoring system, no difference in recovery score at postop. 60 min. could be found between two groups. But by the cognitive and psychomotor function test, propofol group showed significantly better recovery than enflurane group at all tests, reaching control values at postop. 60 min. Conclusions: The scoring system is not suitable method for decision of discharge, thus cognitive and psychomotor function test should be performed for $quot;street fitness$quot; after outpatient anesthesia. Propofol was associated with less impairment in cognitive and psychomotor function than enflurane.

노인환자에서 척추마취시 Benzodiazepine 계 약물의 효과

조남수,김용일,유병식,정종달,임경준,김민출 대한마취과학회 1993 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.26 No.2

Midazolam, a water soluble benzodiazepine, was compared with diazepam as the changes of eardiopulmonary function during sedation under the spinal anesthesia in elderly patients. The results were as follows; 1) Cardiovascular effect. At the conclusion after diazepam 0.05 mg/kg(Group D) or midazolam 0.02 mg/kg(Group M) injection, systolic, diastolic pressure and heart rate were significantly decreased(P$lt;0.05) in the both group from 3 min to 30 min, but maintained within normal range. However, it is not significant difference that each group. 2) Respiratory effect. SaO decreased significantly at 3 min. in M-group after midazolam injection but there was not significant difference from change in D-group. Respiratory rate, pH and PaCO₂ were not significantly changed between D-group and M-group. However, PaO₂ was significantly decreased(p$lt;0.05) within normal range at 3 min. in M-group after midazolam IV and significant difference between both groups. From the above results, We have concluded that IV administrationf small dose of diazepam or midaaolam during spinal anesthesia had a little changed in cardiopulmonary function. However, sedative effect was efficient.

Education Policy and Industrial Development : The Cases of Korea and Mexico

Kim,Chong-Sup,Hong,Min-Kyung 서울대학교 국제학연구소 2010 Journal of International and Area Studies Vol.17 No.2

After many scholars' studies, it has been suggested that among several facts of economic growth, Korea's relatively intensive investment in education made its fast economic growth possible. This study started from the question of whether large education expenditure automatically leads to a fast economic growth. We suggest that the expenditure must be allocated to the education level that is in accordance with the industrial policy, which in turn must consist with the country's economic development stage. In Korea, the education sector supplied workers with adequate level of education that was required in each stage of development, whereas in Mexico, the supply of workers by education level was mismatched with the demand for labor derived from the industrial structure at each development stage. We conclude that not only the size of the expenditure but also its efficient use is important to guarantee the positive effects of education expenditure on economic growth.

人參 根腐病에 關한 硏究<第二報> : 人參圃 土壤中의 菌類에 垂直分布 및 菌種 分類에 대하여

金倧熙,李敏雄 東國大學校 1974 論文集 Vol.13 No.-

本 實驗은 人蔘圃 土壤中 根腐病이 發生한 곳과 發病않은 無病地 및 人蔘을 耕作않았든 土壤을 選定하여 捷息하는 菌類의 土壤別 垂直分包와 菌類를 分類하였고 土壤의 物理化學的 性質을 調査하여 다음과 같은 結果를 報告하고자 한다. 1. 土壤의 酸度는 各個 土壤이 均一하고 모두 酸性을 나타냈다. 2. 有機物의 含量은 5%의 有意差가 있어 無耕作地>羅病地>無病地와 같은 關係가 있다. 3. 無機物의 含量으로 CA과 Ksms 差異가 없고 P_2O_5와 Mg는 無病地와 蕪耕作地보다 5%의 有意差로 더 많이 함유하였다. 4. Cs와 Fs値는 無病地가 羅病地와 無耕作地 보다 5% 有意差로 差異가 있다. 5. Silt는 無病地가 他地區보다 더 적은 5%의 有意差가 있었다. 6. 水分含量은 統計的으로 差異이나 無病地에 比較的 적게 含有되엇다. 7. 菌類의 垂直分布는 一般的으로 各土壤 供히 表土層에 多數分布하는 경향이 있고 深層에 가까울수록 적어지는 경향이 있다. 統計的으로 無病地는 地區 보다 적으며 5%의 有意差가 있었다. 8. 羅病地 土壤은 10屬 21種의 菌腫이 分布하고 Aspergillus와 Penicillium屬이 多數分布하고 Rhizopus와 Nigrospora屬의 分布가 적었다. 9. 無病地는 12屬 17種으로 Asp. Pen. 및 Spicaria屬 등의 分布가 多數이고 Mucor Marrsonia 및 Rhizoctonia屬 등이 적게 분포하였다. 10. 無耕作地는 10屬 10種이 分布하고 Asp. Peb.屬이 多數分布하고 Hyalopus屬와 Thamnidium屬이 적게 分布하였다. This study was carried out March, 1973. the aim of this study was to know the relationship between soil conditions and population of vertical fungi distribution and species founded in the soil of uncultivated plot of ginseng diseased and healthy plot of ginseng in Kang wha-Gun, Korea. Acidity of each soil was uniformly acid. Organic matter content was 5 per cent significance in each soil; uncultivated plot was significance to diseased and healthy plot, and diseased plot was significance to healthy plot. As inorganic matter, Ca and K contents were uniform in all plot, but P_2O_5 and Mg were 5 per cent significance; healthy plot contain more quantity than the other two plot. Cs and Fs value were 5 per cent significance; healthy plot contatin more quantity than the other two plot. Silt was also 5 per cent significance; uncultivated and diseased plot contain more quantity than healthy plot. Moisture content was statistically uniform in all plot, but it was less in healthy plot. Numbers of fungi were largely distributed on the surface soil, and decrease with depth. As the numbers of fungi, healthy plot was significance to other two plot which cantain larger numbers. As to the species, diseased plot had 10 genera and 21 species, healthy plot had 12 genera and 17 species, and uncultivated plot had 10 genera 10 species. There was dominantly populated Aspergillus, Penicillum and Spicaria, but Rhizopus, Nigrospora, Marrsonia, Rhizoctonia, Hyalopus and Thamnidum group genera were recessively distributed.

가격상한 규제에 대한 연구

김종민 국민대학교 경제연구소 2001 국민경제연구 Vol.24 No.-

본 연구는 자연 독점 산업에 대한 대표적인 규제의 하나인 가격 상한제의 이론적 문제점과 현실에 적용하는 경우 최적의 X값을 찾기 위해서는 어떠한 방법을 사용하는 것이 적절한 것인지에 대하여 살펴보는데 그 목적이 있다. 특히 RPI-X로 대변되는 가격 상한제의 경우 X의 계산이 가지는 의미에 대하여 살펴보고 이를 도출하기 위해서, 이론적인 방법과 반복계산에 의한 방법이 가지는 차이점을 살펴보았다. X갑의 계산을 총 요소생산성 증가율과 연관시키는 방법은 이러한 과정에 필요한 가정의 현실성에 많은 문제점을 가지고 있다. 규제 대상 기업의 회계자료를 이용하여 반복적 계산을 통하여 X값으 계산하는 경우는 이러한 가정들로부터 자유로운 반면, 규제의 단순함이라는 가격 상한제 본래의 장점을 퇴색시킬 수 있다. 반복 계산을 이용하여 X값을 계산하기 위해서는 규제 대상 기업의 규제기간 필요수입의 계산이 필요하며, 이 자료가 주어지면 여러 가지 X값을 이용하여 규제수입을 계산한다. 이 중 필요수입과 가장 근사한 값을 생성해내는 X값을 선택하는 방법이 반복계산에 의한 방법이다. 본 연구에서는 자료를 이용하여 이 과정이 어떻게 이루어지는지 살펴보았다. RPI-X regulation is one of the most important incentive regulation. The purpose of this paper is to study RPI-X regulation and to investigate how to choose the optimal value of X. Two most common methods of calculating X are reviewed. The first method is to calculate X using total factor productivity. Another way is to use a simulation method using regulated firm's financial data. In order to use the simulation method, the required revenue stream for the regulated firm is necessary to calculate X. The X which generates the most similar regulated stream to the required revenue stream will be chosen. An example is given to show how to calculate the value of X using financial data.

영양상태, 운동상태와 골밀도의 상관관계

김병학,정민훈,조승진,최상철,배경림 한국건강관리협회 1998 건협 Report Vol.1 No.-