An investigation of the nuclear shielding effectiveness of some transparent glasses manufactured from natural quartz doped lead cations

Kassem, Said M.,Ahmed, G.S.M.,Rashad, A.M.,Salem, S.M.,Ebraheem, S.,Mostafa, A.G. Korean Nuclear Society 2021 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.53 No.6

The influence of lead cations on natural quartz (QZ) from Egypt as a glass shielding material for the composition with nominal formula (10Na₂O - (90 - x) QZ - xPbO (where x = 30, 35, 40, 45 and 50 mol %)) was examined. The studied samples are synthesized via the melt quenching method at 1050 ℃. The X-ray diffraction XRD patterns were confirmed the glass nature for studied samples. Moreover, the optical properties, and the transparency for all compositions were examined by UV-Vis spectroscopy. Also, the major elemental composition of the natural quartz were estimated via the X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technique. Further, the density and molar volume were determined. Furthermore, the nuclear shielding parameters such as, mass attenuation coefficient, effective atomic number, electronic density, the total atomic, and electronic cross sections as well as the mean free path, and the half value layer with different gamma ray energies (81 keV-1407 keV) were calculated. Besides, the results showed that the shielding behavior towards the gamma ray radiation for all glass samples was increased as the increment in PbO concentration in the glass system.

An integral square error-based model predictive controller for two area load frequency control

Kassem, Ahmed M.,Sayed, Khairy,El-Zohri, Emad H.,Ali, Hossam H. Techno-Press 2017 Advances in energy research Vol.5 No.1

The main objective of load frequency control (LFC) is to keep the frequency value at nominal value and force deviation of the frequency to zero in case of load change. This paper suggests LFC by using a model predictive control (MPC), based on Integral Square Error (ISE) method designed to optimize the damping of oscillations in a two-area power system. The MPC is designed and simulated with a model system in state space, for robust performance in the system response. The proposed MPC is tuned by ISE to achieve superior efficiency. Moreover, its performance has been assessed and compared with the PI and PID conventional controllers. The settling time and overshoot with MPC are extremely minimized as compared with conventional controllers.

BIM and 4D planning: a holistic study of the barriers and drivers to widespread adoption

Kassem, Mohamad,Brogden, Trevor,Dawood, Nashwan Korea Institute of Construction Engineering and Ma 2012 Journal of construction engineering and project ma Vol.2 No.4

Building Information Modeling (BIM) and its different work streams, such as 4D planning (4D), are among the major drivers for change in the construction industry. The primary aim of this research is to create a holistic map of both the barriers and drivers affecting the industrial uptake of BIM and 4D through the use of an extensive literature review and a survey of contractors and consultants from the UK AEC (Architectural, Engineering and Construction) industry. This research demonstrates that while non-technical barriers such as the inefficiency in the evaluation of the business value of BIM and 4D; the shortage of experience within the workforce, and the lack of awareness by stakeholders are recognized by professionals as main barriers to BIM and 4D adoption, current research is still largely concerned with technical advancement of BIM and 4D technologies. A holistic map of the driving and restraining forces affecting BIM and 4D widespread adoption was provided. The tackling of the non-technical barriers identified will help bridge the gap between technology, end-users and their processes.

Tribalism and Religious Elites in Palestine

Sattar Kassem(사타르) 한국중동학회 2007 韓國 中東 學會 論叢 Vol.28 No.1

  이 연구는 팔레스타인 종교 엘리트와 부족적인 심성의 영향을 알아보기 위한 것이다. 팔레스타인에 뚜렷한 자신들의 종교적 성향을 가진 부족들이 있다고 보기는 힘들지만, 부족적인 심성은 존재한다. 부족적인 심성은 사상과 공적인 행위에서 드러나며, 종교 엘리트도 예외는 아니다.<BR>  이 연구는 팔레스타인 부족주의와 종교 엘리트들의 특징을 다음과 같이 결론내렸다. 종교 엘리트들은 팔레스타인 사회를 주도해오거나 근대 역사상 팔레스타인 지도부에서 중요한 역할을 해왔다. 종교 엘리트들은 종교와 전통 사이의 명확한 분할선을 긋지 않았다. 이슬람의 가르침은 사회의 가치와 개념들과 혼합되어 있다. 대부분의 사람들은 그들 자신의 전통들을 성스러운 이슬람의 가르침으로 받아들이고 있다. 종교 엘리트들은 사회적인 지위, 개인의 열망, 정치적인 이해관계에 적합한 방법으로 종교적 가르침을 해석한다. 따라서 종교 엘리트들 사이에서 이슬람에 대한 해석은 서로 서로 매우 다르다. 이슬람 이론에 대한 연구자로서 나는 다음과 같은 결론을 내린다. 이슬람을 과학적으로 이해하기 위해서는 종교 엘리트들을 주목할 필요가 있다.<BR>  이슬람은 부족의 호전성, 광신주의, 차별대우를 인정하지 않는다. 이슬람은 오직 부족주의가 제공하는 유전된 혈통의 가치만을 인정한다. 이슬람에서 부족주의는 개인적인 관계를 정립하는 것만을 돕는다. 모든 유형의 종교 엘리트들이 이러한 명확한 이슬람의 규정들을 지키지는 것은 아니며, 부족주의를 이용해서 자신들의 집단이나 파벌을 형성하고 강화시킨다. 부족주의는 상속된 지위에 대해서 주목하고 중요한 가치를 부여하며 성취한 업적에 대해서는 거의 주목하지 않는다.<BR>  팔레스타인인들이 발전을 지향하고 자신들의 문제들을 극복하기 위해서는, 종교 엘리트들이 근대적인 체제를 정비하고 근대적인 정치 구조를 수립하는데 전념해야한다. 그렇지 않으면, 해방과 독립을 위한 팔레스타인인들의 대부분의 노력들은 심각한 어려움에 직면하게 될 것이다. 전통적인 부족주의는 근대성과 국가 건설에 장애물이다.

Strength Prediction of Corbels Using Strut-and-Tie Model Analysis

Wael Kassem 한국콘크리트학회 2015 International Journal of Concrete Structures and M Vol.9 No.2

A strut-and-tie based method intended for determining the load-carrying capacity of reinforced concrete (RC) corbels is presented in this paper. In addition to the normal strut-and-tie force equilibrium requirements, the proposed model is based on secant stiffness formulation, incorporating strain compatibility and constitutive laws of crackedRC.The proposed method evaluates the load-carrying capacity as limited by the failure modes associated with nodal crushing, yielding of the longitudinal principal reinforcement, as well as crushing or splitting of the diagonal strut. Load-carrying capacity predictions obtained fromthe proposed analysis method are in a better agreementwith corbel test results of a comprehensive database, comprising 455 test results, compiled from the available literature, than other existing models for corbels. This method is illustrated to provide more accurate estimates of behaviour and capacity than the shear-friction based approach implemented by the ACI 318-11, the strut-and-tie provisions in different codes (American, Australian, Canadian, Eurocode and New Zealand).

Structural Behavior of Strengthening Masonry In-filled Frames Subjected to Lateral Load using Bonded and Un-bonded CFRP

Nesreen Kassem,Ahmed Atta,Emad Etman 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE Journal of Civil Engineering Vol.21 No.3

Lateral loads annually destroy many reinforced concrete structures in different countries. However, there is a necessary need to retrofit masonry infill walls to utilize them as lateral load resisting elements. For this purpose, an experimental program has been carried out on half scale specimens to characterize the behavior of single story brick masonry in-filled frames under the effect of lateral loads. The effectiveness of different strengthening techniques is investigated using Carbon–fiber Reinforcement Polymer (CFRP). The steel reinforcement at the beam-columns joints of all specimens was detailed as hinged connection. FRP sheets and FRP strips were used as strengthening agents for the tested specimens. They were utilized in two different cases, bonded or unbonded to the masonry wall. In addition, the FRP anchor technique was used to increase the efficiency of bonding the strengthening agents with the frames and the walls. The load– displacement behavior, FRP strain, crack pattern, steel strain, and mode of failure of the tested specimens were investigated. The results showed that the used strengthening methods are effective, with high increase in strength and ductility. In addition, an analytical model was presented and solved. Based on this model, simplified empirical equation to design the required amount of FRP needed to resist lateral loads was proposed. The equation showed a good agreement with both the experimental result and finite element output.

Effects of Oral L-Carnitine on Liver Functions after Transarterial Chemoembolization (TACE) in Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC) Patients

( Ali Kassem ),( Ali Hasan ),( Abeer Hassan ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is usually followed by hepatic dysfunction that limits its efficacy. L-carnitine is recently studied as hepatoprotective agent. Our aim is to evaluate the L-carnitine effects against the deterioration of liver functions after TACE. Methods: 53 patients with HCC were assigned into two groups; L-carnitine group (26 patients) who received L-carnitine 300 mg tablet twice daily from 2 week before to 12 week after TACE and control group (27 patients) without L-carnitine therapy. 28 of studied patients received branched chain amino acids granules. Results: There were significant differences between L-carnitine Vs control group in mean serum albumin change from baseline to 1 and 4 week after TACE (P<0.05). L-Carnitine maintained Child-Pugh score at 1 week after TACE and exhibited improvement at 4 week after TACE (P<0.01 Vs 1 week after TACE). Control group has significant Child-Pugh score deterioration from baseline to 1 week after TACE (P<0.05) and 12 week after TACE (P<0.05). L-carnitine displayed improvement in (PT) from baseline to 1 wk, 4 w (P<0.05) and 12 wk after TACE. PT in control group declined less than baseline along all follow up intervals. Total bilirubin in L-carnitine group decreased at 1 week post TACE while in control group, it significantly increased at 1 week (P=0.01). ALT and C-reactive protein elevation were suppressed at 1 week after TACE in Lcarnitine group. Conclusions: L-carnitine BCAA combination therapy offers a novel supportive strategy after TACE in HCC patients.

Value of Blood Culture for the Ascetic Fluid in the Diagnosis of Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

( Ali Kassem ),( Usama Arafa ),( Laela Yusef ),( Abdella Mo-hamed ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1

Aims: Liver cirrhosis is the end result of hepatocellular injury that leads to both fibrosis and nodular regeneration. Usual presentations are upper gastrointestinal bleed, ascites, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP), hepatic encephalopathy, hepatocellular carcinoma and hepatorenal syndrome. Inoculation of the ascetic fluid into blood culture bottles at the patient’s bedside resulted in more rapid detection of bacterial growth, and it is superior to inoculation of the ascetic fluid into conventional culture. We aim to compare the diagnostic accuracy of ascetic fluid inoculation into blood culture versus the conventional culture method in the diagnosis of SBP in patients attending Sohag university Hospital at Upper Egypt. Methods: One hundred consecutive cirrhotic patients (54 males; mean age: 62.02±years) were included, and a total of 100 paracenteses were performed. All ascetic fluid samples were analyzed using the cytology, neutrophils, lymphocyte count and culturing. The Culturing was done using both Conventional and Blood cultures technique. Results: In our study 47 patients of 100 cirrhotic patients had spontaneous bacterial peritonitis of them 32 of the inoculated sets demonstrated growth ; of which were 11(23,4%) set demonstrated growth by both conventional and blood culture bottles, and 21 set demonstrated growth by culturing in blood culture bottles alone. Conclusions: Ascetic fluid culture has an important role in the diagnosis and management of SBP, the ascetic fluid inoculation into blood culture bottles at the patient’s bedside resulted in more rapid detection of bacterial growth and it is superior to inoculation of the ascetic fluid into conventional culture.

Synthesis, Antimicrobial, and Antiviral Activities of Some New 5-Sulphonamido-8-hydroxyquinoline Derivatives

Emad M. Kassem,Howaida I. Abd-Alla,Eslam R. El-Sawy,Adel H. Mandour,Dina Abdel-Mogeed,Mounir M. El-Safty 대한약학회 2012 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.35 No.6

A series of fused pyranopyrazole and pyranoimidazole, namely 5-(3,6-diamino-4-aryl-5-carbonitrile-pyrano(2,3-c)pyrazol-2-yl)sulphonyl-8-hydroxyquinolines (5a-e), 5-(6-amino-4-aryl-5-carbonitrile-pyrano(2,3-c)pyrazol-3-yl)sulphonamido-8-hydroxyquinolines (6a-e), 5-(2-thioxo-4-aryl-5-carbonitrile-6-amino-pyrano(2,3-d)imidazol-2-yl)sulphonyl-8-hydroxyquinolines (10a-e), and 5-(2-oxo-4-aryl-5-carbonitrile-6-amino-pyrano(2,3-d)imidazol-2-yl) sulphonyl-8-hydroxyquinolines (11a-e), have been prepared via condensation of some arylidine malononitriles with 5-sulphonamido-8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives 3, 4, 8 and 9. All the synthesized compounds were screened for their antimicrobial activities, and most of the tested compounds showed potent inhibition growth activity towards Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Gramnegative bacteria). Furthermore, six selected compounds were tested for their antiviral activity against avian paramyxovirus type1 (APMV-1) and laryngotracheitis virus (LTV), and the results showed that a concentration range of 3-4 μg per mL of compounds 2, 3, and 4 showed marked viral inhibitory activity for APMV-1 of 5000 tissue culture infected dose fifty (TCID50) and LTV of 500 TCID50 in Vero cell cultures based on their cytopathic effect. Chicken embryo experiments show that compounds 2, 3, and 4 possess high antiviral activity in vitro with an inhibitory concentration fifty (IC50) range of 3-4 μg per egg against avian APMV-1 and LTV and their toxic concentration fifty (CC50) of 200-300 μg per egg.

팔레스타인 군부 엘리트와 부족주의

사타르카셈 ( Sattar Kassem ) 한국이슬람학회 2008 한국이슬람학회논총 Vol.18 No.3

현재 팔레스타인에는 군사적인 전통도 없고, 군대가 없으며, 오직 자치정부 보안대가 존재할 뿐이다. 이 팔레스타인 보안대는 팔레스타인의 안보를 유지한다기보다는 이스라엘의 안보를 유지하기 위한 것이다. 팔레스타인에서 전통적인 엘리트 가문은 보안대에 거의 참가하지 않는다. 보안대 지도부는 대체로 전직 파타 대원 출신들이다. 이들은 대부분 요르단과 레바논에서 야세르 아라파트와 해방 투쟁을 함께 했거나, 이스라엘 감옥에 수용된 경험이 있는 사람들이다. 전통적인 엘리트 가문 구성원들은 역사적으로 무장 투쟁에 거의 가담하지 않았고, 이스라엘 감옥 생활을 경험한 사람들도 극소수다. 이스라엘에 대항하는 무장 투쟁은 대체로 가난하고 보잘것없는 가문 출신들이 주도해왔다. 야세르 아라파트도 전통적인 엘리트 가문 출신이 아니다. 이스라엘인들과 미국인들은 이스라엘에 대항하는 무장 투쟁에 참가했던 팔레스타인인들을 보안대원으로 끌어들이고 싶어 한다. 그 이유는 이들이 주도하는 대 이스라엘 무장 투쟁을 중단하도록 유도하기 위한 것이다. 8만 명 이상의 팔레스타인 인들이 참가하고 있는 보안대는 미국을 비롯한 몇몇 국가들이 기부하는 자금으로 운영된다. 미국인들과 이스라엘인들은 보안대 지도부가 전통적인 엘리트 가문들이 아니라 개인들에 의해서 장악되어야 한다고 생각한다. 왜냐하면 이스라엘인들과 미국인들은 전통적인 엘리트 가문들이 보안대를 통해서 세력을 확장해나가는 것을 원하지 않기 때문이다. 이 논문은 이스라엘을 포함한 정치 엘리트들이 고용한 보안대 엘리트들이라고 부를 수 있는 사람들에 대한 연구이다. 여기에서 전통적인 엘리트 가문의 역할이 드러낼 것이다.