Adverse Drug Events Associated With Remdesivir in Real-World Hospitalized Patients With COVID-19, Including Vulnerable Populations: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Kang Hyein,Kang Chang Kyung,Im Jae Hyoung,Cho Yoonsook,Kang Dong Yoon,Lee Ju-Yeun 대한의학회 2023 Journal of Korean medical science Vol.38 No.44

Background: Remdesivir is a US Food and Drug Administration-approved drug for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Clinical trials were conducted under strictly controlled situations for a selected population, and their reported adverse events may not fully represent conditions in real-world patients. We aimed to estimate the incidence of adverse drug events (ADEs) associated with remdesivir in hospitalized patients with COVID-19, including vulnerable subpopulations, such as those with impaired renal or hepatic function and pregnant women. Methods: This retrospective observational study included hospitalized patients with confirmed COVID-19 treated with remdesivir between January and December 2021 at ten hospitals. ADEs and severe ADEs (Common Toxicity Criteria for Adverse Events grade ≥ 3) were operationally defined and analyzed through laboratory investigations. The incidence of ADEs was compared with that of each matched control in subpopulations with renal or hepatic impairment and pregnant women. Results: Among 2,140 patients, 1,416 (66.2%) and 295 (13.8%) experienced at least one ADE and severe ADE, respectively. The most frequent ADE was 'hepatic injury' (42.9%), followed by anemia (27.6%). The most common severe ADEs were 'hypokalemia' (5.3%), 'hepatic injury' (2.9%), and 'anemia' (3.6%). There was no significant difference in the incidence of ADEs in patients relative to their respective matched-control groups, including those with renal impairment (80.0% vs. control 71.8%, P = 0.063), hepatic impairment (70.4% vs. control 75.0%, P = 0.623) and pregnant women (78.6% vs. control 63.7%, P = 0.067). However, severe ADE incidence was significantly higher in patients with renal impairment (40.8% vs. 16.0%, P < 0.001). The most common severe ADEs in those were 'anemia' (15.3%), 'hypokalemia' (10.5%), and 'thrombocytopenia' (8.9%). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of severe ADEs in patients with hepatic impairment or in pregnancy (P = 0.230; P = 0.085). Conclusion: A significant proportion of patients with COVID-19 treated with remdesivir experienced ADEs and severe ADEs. Given the high incidence of severe ADEs, caution is required in patients with renal impairment. Further studies are needed to investigate ADEs in pregnant women and patients with hepatic impairment.

창의성 사고기법을 활용한 한국음악사 교육방법 개발 연구

강혜인 ( Hyein Kang ) 민족음악학회 2018 음악과 민족 Vol.0 No.55

본 연구는 창의성 사고기법을 활용하여 한국음악사 교육 방법을 개발한것이다. 본 연구에서 제시하는 한국음악사 교육의 목적은 첫째, 창의성 사고기법을 수업에 적용하여 한국음악의 역사에 대한 관심을 갖는 것이다. 둘째, 한국음악사에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 음악의 가치를 인식하는 것이다. 셋째, 사고기법을 활용하여 창의적으로 자신의 생각을 표현하여, 음악을 즐기고 활용하는 태도를 갖는 것이다. 한국음악사 교육 내용 범위는 음악사 전체를 개관하는 수업과 삼국시대, 조선시대, 근현대의 시대별 내용을 포함하였다. 교육 방법은 교사가 제안한 과제를 창의성 사고기법을 적용하여 학생 스스로 해결 방법을 찾아보도록 하였으며, 사고기법은 <사고모자기법>, <브레인라이팅기법>, <마인드맵기법>, <속성열거법> 등을 활용하였다. 본 연구의 결과, 방법적 측면에서 사고기법의 활용은 유용하였다. 사고기법은 주어진 개념과 과제에 대하여 치밀하게 생각해 볼 수 있는데 도움이 되었다. 그리고 색다른 방법과 관점을 제시하여 학생들의 한국음악사에 대한 재미와 호기심을 유발하는데도 효과가 있었다. 사고기법 활동을 음악적 글쓰기 작업으로 정리하고 발표하는 것도 교육적으로 의미가 있었다. 학생들에게 한국음악사 수업에서 배운 내용을 기초로 자신의 상상력을 동원하여 글로 창작해 봄으로서 스스로의 음악적 사고를 보다 구체화하고 확장시키는 기회가 되었을 것이다. The purpose of this study is to develop a method of teaching Korean music history using creativity thinking technique. The objectives of the Korean music history education presented in this study are as follows. First, it is interested in the history of Korean music by applying the technique of creativity thinking to class. Second, it recognizes the value of music based on understanding of Korean music history. Third, it has an attitude of expressing its own ideas creatively and enjoying and utilizing music by using the technique of thinking. The scope of the contents of Korean music history includes the class which covers the whole history of music and the contents of the three kingdom era, Chosun era, and modern era. The method of teaching was to ask the teacher to solve the problem by using the creative thinking technique. The thinking technique used in this study is < Brain writing > < attribute listing > < Thinking Cap > < Mind map >. As a result of the study, it was useful to use the thinking technique in terms of method. Thinking techniques helped me to think carefully about given concepts and tasks. It was also effective in inducing students' fun and curiosity about Korean music history by presenting different methods and perspectives.

창의성 계발을 위한 국악 교수·학습에 관한 연구

강혜인 ( Hyein Kang ) 민족음악학회 2017 음악과 민족 Vol.0 No.53

Creativity can be developed through education. Creative learning through traditional Korean music encourages students to enhance their creativity by enhancing their creativity by enhancing their creative education activities. This study suggested a set of creative models that can apply to traditional Korean music education and develop innovative thinking skills to develop innovative thinking skills based on the steps of the class. The model of the lesson was designed to review the model of traditional creativity and music education model and to adopt a model model that can be applied to Korean traditional music education. Class models can be applied in both Listening to music classes and creative classes. Through class activities such as creativity, imagination, fluency, flexibility, creativity, creativity, etc, were developed. The use of creative methods enabled students to actively engage in disruptive thinking and convergent thinking. Let`s hope this study will lead to the creativity of education in the Korean traditional music education.

복지기관 국악분야 문화예술교육에서 학습동기 유발을 위한 교수·학습 전략

강혜인 ( Kang Hyein ) 민족음악학회 2021 음악과 민족 Vol.- No.62

본 연구는 복지기관 국악분야 문화예술교육에서 학습동기를 유발하기 위해 교수·학습 전략을 개발하고 적용하였다. 교육대상은 복지기관의 청소년으로 한정하고, 교육 영역은 국악감상 수업에서 학습동기를 유발 할 수 방법을 제시하였다. 본 연구는 학습동기에 관한 이론적 검토를 바탕으로 다음과 같이 교수·학습 전략을 제시하였다. 첫째, 교육목표에 맞는 국악감상교육 학습주제를 선정하여 청소년들이 정서적으로 호기심을 갖고 몰입할 수 있도록 하였다. 둘째, 복지기관 국악수업 일정에 학습동기 요소를 적용하였다. 셋째, 차시별 학습주제와 학습단계에 학습동기 요소를 적용하여 국악수업의 과정을 성공적으로 지속할 수 있도록 하였다. 현장 적용 결과, 학습자는 국악에 대한 인식과 태도, 그리고 자기주도성 면에서 긍정적 변화를 보였다. 예술강사는 개발된 프로그램에 따라 학습자의 동기요소를 국악교육 활동에 적용하여 수업내용에 흥미를 유발하였으며, 학습자가 해결할 수 있는 적절한 난이도의 국악 활동을 제공하여 국악활동이 자신과 관련성을 갖고 있다는 확신을 주고 생활에 활용하도록 하였다. 특히, 예술강사는 학습동기를 주목하면서 학습자의 심리상태나 태도를 더 관찰하게 되고, 피드백 하는 방법을 더 고민하고, 칭찬을 구체적으로 하게 되었다. This study developed a teaching and learning strategy to induce learning motivation in culture and arts education in the field of Korean music in welfare institutions. The subject of education is limited to adolescents in welfare institutions, and the method of inducing learning motivation in the class of appreciation of Korean classical music is suggested for the educational field. This study suggested the following teaching and learning strategies based on the theoretical review of learning motivation. First, the motivation for learning was planned in the overall schedule of Korean classical music classes at welfare institutions. Second, the subject of appreciation class was selected to be emotionally curious and immersive, so that the motivation for learning could be actively supported. Third, in each learning stage, learning motivation and related emotional elements were formed together to ensure that the course of Korean classical music classes could be successfully continued.

윌리엄 해리슨(W. B. Harrison)의 한국 선교

송현강(Song, Hyein-Kang) 한국기독교역사연구소 2012 한국기독교와 역사 Vol.37 No.-

이 글은 지난 1896년 내한하여 1923년까지 32년 동안 한국 선교에 헌신한 남장로교 선교사 해리슨(William Butler Harrison)의 선교 생애를 일목요연하게 정리하는데 초점을 맞추었다. 먼저 그는 의술을 공부한 선교사로서 얼마동안 서울과 군산, 전주에서 의료 선교 업무에 종사하였다. 그 후 의료 전문선교사가 도착하자 그는 본래의 영역인 목회 활동에 전념하였다. 그는 레이놀즈, 테이트와 함께 전주에서 사역하였다. 특히 그들이 안식년으로 귀국하게 되자 그는 그들의 빈자리를 메우면서 전주 선교를 주도하였다. 1900~1903년 사이 그는 전주교회를 200명이 모이는 교회로 성장시켰을 뿐만 아니라 지금 신흥학교의 전신인 전주남학교를 세우고 익산지방의 교회들을 돌보며 또 화산 스테이션 구내에 처음으로 진료소와 주택을 세워 선교 기반을 든든히 하였다. 전주남학교의 설립은 한국 교회의 장래를 위해서는 한국인 지도력을 키워야 한다는 그의 과감한 결단의 산물이다. 목회ㆍ교육ㆍ건축 영역에서의 그의 이러한 선교 역량은 그 후 군산과 목포에서도 발휘되었다. 그리고 해리슨은 이제 남장로교 선교부의 중견 선교사로서 신임 선교사들을 통솔하며 해당 스테이션의 선교 사역 전반을 관리하는 위치에 서게 되었다. 그는 군산에서 스테이션 직할 교회인 구암교회와 임피ㆍ함열ㆍ용안 지역의 교회들을 돌보면서 군산남학교에 중등과정을 개설하고 또 다니엘과 함께 군산진료소를 신축하는 등 선교 구내의 조성 공사에도 진력하였다. 이와 같은 일들은 그 후 목포에서도 이어졌다. 그는 양동교회와 해남강진ㆍ장흥ㆍ영암 지방에서의 목회, 목포남학교 운영, 목포 스테이션 구내의 진료소와 여학교 교사(校舍) 신축 공사 등의 임무를 성실히 수행했다. 이렇게 해서 해리슨은 남장로교 한국 선교부가 처음에 개척한 세 개의 스테이션을 모두 돌며 새로 생긴 그 선교 기지들의 원만하고 안정적인 운영을 위해 안팎의 선교 인프라를 함께 확충시킨 흔치 않은 업적을 남기게 되었다. 테이트와 전킨 그리고 유진 벨이 각각 전주-군산-목포스테이션을 개척했다면 해리슨은 그 스테이션들의 안정적인 발전을 주도하였다. 그리고 1915년 이후 은퇴 시점까지 그는 익산ㆍ옥구ㆍ임천의 군산 동부 구역을 순회 사역하며 어린 교회들을 돌보는 일에 전력하였다. 그는 이렇게 호남교회 형성의 숨은 공로자였다. This paper focused on reviewing the missionary life of William Butler Harrison of PCUS, who devoted himself to mission in Korea for 32 years from 1896 when he entered Korea to 1923, in a clear way. He provided his service in Jeonju(1896~1904), Mokpo(1909~1912), and Gunsan(1904~1908, 1915~1928), committing his entire life to mission. The churches he took care of in the process of fulfilling his pastoral duties have grown into the representative churches of the corresponding areas. Harrison was a missionary with a talent in every aspect. In addition to being a sincere minister, he had medical skills to be applied on the field and was a passionate educator. Not only did he found Sinheung School, the first educational institute of PCUS, in Jeonju in 1901, he also served Yeongmyeong School and Yeongheung School in Gunsan and Mokpo, respectively, as the headmaster. He also demonstrated his talent in the construction of station. Tate, Junkin, and Bell pioneered station construction in Jeonju, Gunsan, and Mokpo, respectively. It was Harrison that led their stable growth and development. He concentrated his energies on taking care of young churches, making a tour of Iksan, Okgu, and Imcheon to provide his service until 1928 when he retired. In a word, he was a hidden contributor to the formation of Honam Church.

PARIS reprograms glucose metabolism by HIF-1α induction in dopaminergic neurodegeneration

Kang, Hojin,Jo, Areum,Kim, Hyein,Khang, Rin,Lee, Ji-Yeong,Kim, Hanna,Park, Chi-Hu,Choi, Jeong-Yun,Lee, Yunjong,Shin, Joo-Ho Academic Press 2018 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol. No.

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Our previous study found that PARIS (ZNF746) transcriptionally suppressed transketolase (TKT), a key enzyme in pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) in the substantia nigra (SN) of AAV-PARIS injected mice. In this study, we revealed that PARIS overexpression reprogrammed glucose metabolic pathway, leading to the increment of glycolytic proteins along with TKT reduction in the SN of AAV-PARIS injected mice. Knock-down of TKT in differentiated SH-SY5Y cells led to an increase of glycolytic enzymes and decrease of PPP-related enzymes whereas overexpression of TKT restored PARIS-mediated glucose metabolic shift, suggesting that glucose metabolic alteration by PARIS is TKT-dependent. Inhibition of PPP by either PARIS overexpression or TKT knock-down elevated the level of H<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>2</SUB>, and diminished NADPH and GSH levels, ultimately triggering the induction of HIF-1α, a master activator of glycolysis. In addition, TKT inhibition by stereotaxic injection of oxythiamine demonstrated slight decrement of dopaminergic neurons (DNs) in SN but not cortical neurons in the cortex, suggesting that TKT might be a survival factor of DNs. In differentiated SH-SY5Y, cell toxicity by GFP-PARIS was partially restored by introduction of Flag-TKT and siRNA-HIF-1α. We also observed the increase of HIF-1α and glycolytic hexokinase 2 in the SN of Parkinson's disease patients. Taken together, these results suggest that PARIS accumulation might distort the balance of glucose metabolism, providing clues for understanding mechanism underlying selective DNs death by PARIS.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> PARIS reprograms glucose metabolism via TKT suppression. </LI> <LI> Increased oxidative stress by TKT reduction induces HIF-1α. </LI> <LI> TKT overexpression and HIF-1α knock-down partially rescues PARIS toxicity. </LI> </UL> </P>

S-614 A case of intracavitary pulmonary aspergillosis treated with instillation of voriconaz ole

( Hyein Lee ),( Bin Hwangbo ),( Hyojae Kang ),( Joohae Kim ),( Young Ju Choi ) 대한내과학회 2016 대한내과학회 추계학술대회 Vol.2016 No.1

Medical Treatment of symptomatic intracavitary pulmonary aspergillosis is difficult. Oral or intravenous anti-fungal agents have limited roles. Bronchial artery embolization or surgery is considered for intractable hemoptysis. Intracavitary instillation of amphotericin B through the per cutaneous catheter has been attempted for pulmonary aspergillosis with hemoptysis, showing favorable short-term outcome. We experienced a case of a 69-year-old man with chronic infection of aspergillosis in a huge right upper lobe cavity which was developed after endobronchial brachy-therapy. The patient complained chronic cough and cheat pain. Treatment with systemic voriconalzole and bronchoscopic intracavitary instillation of amphotericin B was failed. Fungal colonies were disappeared after treatment with instillation of voriconazole through fiberoptic bronchoscopy. This is the first case report of intacavitary aspergillosis treated with bronchospcic instillation of voriconazole.

Optimizing Concentrations of Hemoglobin and Hydrogen Peroxide for Remediation of Benzo(a)pyrene (b[a]p) Contaminated Soils

Hyein Keum,Kapsong Park,Jeffrey S Owen,Guyoung Kang 한국토양비료학회 2014 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2014 No.6

Identification of transketolase as a target of PARIS in substantia nigra

Kim, Hyein,Kang, Hojin,Lee, Yunjong,Park, Chi-Hu,Jo, Areum,Khang, Rin,Shin, Joo-Ho Elsevier 2017 Biochemical and biophysical research communication Vol.493 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Recently, PARIS (ZNF746) is introduced as authentic substrate of parkin and transcriptionally represses PGC-1α by binding to insulin responsive sequences (IRSs) in the promoter of <I>PGC-1α</I>. The overexpression of PARIS selectively leads to the loss of dopaminergic neurons (DN) and mitochondrial abnormalities in the substantia nigra (SN) of Parkinson's disease (PD) models. To identify PARIS target molecules altered in SN region-specific manner, LC-MS/MS-based quantitative proteomic analysis is employed to investigate proteomic alteration in the cortex, striatum, and SN of AAV-PARIS injected mice. Herein, we find that the protein and mRNA of transketolase (TKT), a key enzyme in pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) of glucose metabolism, is exclusively decreased in the SN of AAV-PARIS mice. PARIS overexpression suppresses TKT transcription via IRS-like motif in the <I>TKT</I> promoter. Moreover, the reduction of TKT by PARIS is found in primary DN but not in cortical neurons, suggesting that PARIS-medicated TKT suppression is cell type-dependent. Interestingly, we observe the reduced level of TKT in the SN of PD patients but not in the cortex. These findings indicate that TKT might be a SN-specific target of PARIS, providing new clues to understand the mechanism underlying selective DNs death in PD.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Proteomics identified transketolase (TKT) as SN-specific target of PARIS. </LI> <LI> PARIS suppressed TKT transcription via IRS-like motif in the <I>TKT</I> promoter. </LI> <LI> Decreased TKT was found in the SN of PD patients but not in the cortex. </LI> </UL> </P>

저전력 플랫폼 환경에서 DDS 기반 라이브 비디오 전송 플랫폼

권혜인(Hyein Kwon),강선미(Sunmee Kang) 한국통신학회 2021 한국통신학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.6

오늘날 사물인터넷(Internet of Things)의 발전으로 발간-구독 방식의 실시간 분산형 통신 미들웨어인 DDS(Data Distribution Service)는 임베디드, 모바일 등의 저전력 소형 디바이스에서의 사용이 가능하도록 경량화 되었다. 본 논문에서는 저전력 플랫폼에서 실시간 영상 스트리밍 데이터에 대한 DDS 통신을 설계하고 QoS설정을 통해 데이터의 전송 품질을 보장할 수 있는 방안을 제시하고자 한다.