축구선수의 Detraining과 Retraining이 혈청지질 및 호르몬농도에 미치는 영향

정정화,박재현,채종훈,성혜련,황지인,윤미숙,노금선,윤종관,윤영학,노순덕,정경숙,박일규,김은희,박현태,박상갑 대한스포츠의학회 1999 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of detraining and retraining on serum lipid and hormones in soccer players. Subjects were seven male high-school soccer players. V˙O_2max was determined for each subjects by administering a treadmill test(initial speed: 90m/min, grade: 5%, increasing speed per 3 min: 30m/min). Serum lipid(T-C, TG, HDL-C LDL-C) and hormones(epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormones, cortisol) were assayed pre and post detraining in 10, 20, 30 days after retraining. The repeated ANOVA was used to determine significant differences. The 0.05 level of significance was as critical level for the study. The results of the study were as follows: 1. V˙O_2max(ml/min) were 3576.3±204.2ml/min pre detraining, 3234.1±198.9 ml/min post detraining. There are significant(p<.05) difference between pre and post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, V˙O_2max(ml/min) were 3601.4±170.9 ml/min. There were significantly(p<.05) increased in retraining periods. 2. V˙O_2max(ml/kg/min) were significantly(p<.05) decreased from 62.3±2.9 ml/kg/min to 55.9±4.7 ml/kg/min in detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, V˙O_2max(ml/kg/min) were 62.4±3.4ml/kg/min, 62.7±2.3ml.kg/min, 67.3±7.2ml/kg/min respectively. There were significantly(p<.05) increased in retraining periods. 3. T-C were significantly (p<.05) increased from 166.6±8.5mg/dl to 175.3±10.3 mg/dl in detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, T-C were 160.1± 3.2mg/dl, 156.7±3.7mg/dl, 140.3±9.0mg/dl. There were significantly(p<.05) decreased in retraining periods. 4. HDL-C were 61.4±6.6mg/di pre detraining, 5.3±6.6mg/dl post detraining. There are significant(p<.05) difference between pre and post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, HDL-C were 56.9±7.1mg/dl, 56.4±9.2mg/dl, 57.7±9.1mg/dl respectively. There were no significant difference in retraining periods. 5. The hormones(epinephrine. norepinephrine, growth hormone, cortisol) were changed as same patterns. Epinephrine were 26.0±7.0[g/ml pre detraining, 24.6±3.2pg/ml post detraining. In 10, 20, 30 days after retraining, epinephrine were 26.9±5.6pg/ml, 30.6±6.2pg/ml, 29.4±5.6pg/ml respectively. There were no significant difference in retraining periods. In conclusion, HDL-C, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol were decreased, T-C, LDL-C and TG were increased in detraining. But HDL-C, epinephrine, norepinephrine, growth hormone and cortisol were increased, T-C, LDL-C and TG were decreased in retraining.

평생학습사회의 고등학교 직업교육 발전 대책 탐색 연구

정태화 한국직업능력개발원 1999 직업능력개발연구 Vol.2 No.1

ABSTRACTEmergence of 'Life-long Learning Society' poses both problems of and new challenges for vocational education in high school level. Traditional forms of education do not provide the best preparation for 'learning-intensive economy.' Vocational education has tended to become too focused on specific skills and occupations that are likely to change in the future. Academic education by itself also inadequate because it does not help students apply their knowledge into real situation or learn for preparation of transition to world of work.In response to the perceived insufficiency of traditional education with the emergence of Life-long Learning Society, vocational education in high school level needs to be reformed in a large-scale. First of all, the compulsory education including high school education should be regarded as the phase of education in which students are provided with knowledge and skills for cognitive and affective development and for acquisition of learning skills which will be required for learning throughout the lifespan. To meet the needs from life-long learning society, vocational education and academic education should be integrated and vocational and educational performance standard, such as a National Skill Standard, needs to be developed to explicitly relate each other. To prepare for learning-intensive work, vocational education in high school should include a certain amount of work-based learning for all students.To achieve the reform of vocational education in high school level will require continuing discussion on roles and functions of vocational education among policy makers, employers, vocational educators, and teachers. It also will require provisional and financial supports from the government. Besides, the role of teacher should be changed from knowledge disseminator to human resource developer.

선진국의 직업교육 개선 동향과 시사점에 관한 연구

정태화 한국직업능력개발원 1998 직업능력개발연구 Vol.1 No.1

ABSTRACTVocational education in Korea has been suffered from various problems. Curricula do not adequately mirror the needs of the fields. Efforts between vocational high schools and junior vocational colleges are not sufficient enough to establish the vertical linkage through which vocational curricula are closely connected according to the education level. Classroom instructions are managed mainly by textbooks and teachers and teachers do not use new media. Various work-based learning strategies aimed at providing hands-on experience for students are not developed and utilized. Another problem is the mismatch between school curricula and the vocational qualification system. Because of insufficient linkage between two systems, the achievements of students in school are not fully recognized within the latter. On the other hand, vocational education system is facing with abundant tasks to be tackled with in meeting the needs from life-long learning society.As the era of globalization and information draws near, most of the developed countries begin to reorganize their vocational education system. Also intensification of international competition and rapid economic and technological changes makes it mandatory for the Government to reform vocational education system.The study aims at benchmarking excellent cases of reforms within vocational education system in developed countries including America, England, and Japan. Implications are focused on management of curricula emphasizing the smooth transition of students from school to work, needs of development and utilization of new media, needs of strategies for work-based learning, strengthening of linkage between school education system and vocational qualification system, and development tasks in preparing for life-long learning society.

콘크리트 포장의 플라이애쉬 재활용 방안연구

정영화,최성용,윤경구,용석응,김태경 강원대학교 석재복합신소재제품연구센터 1998 석재연 논문집 Vol.3 No.-

한국 대부분의 고속도로는 콘크리트로 포장되고 있으며, 플라이애쉬를 포장용 콘크리트에서 재활용하면 콘크리트의 성능을 향상시킴과 동시에 경제적 이익과 환경보호에 큰 기여를 할 것이다. 본 연구에서는 플라이애쉬를 포장 콘크리트에 재활용하고자, 플라이애쉬 치환율, 물-시멘트비, 굵은골재 최대치수를 주요실험 변수로 하여 이들이 플라이애쉬를 혼입한 포장용 콘크리트의 역학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 살피기 위해서 실험하여 통계처리 분석하였다. 이러한 분석결과를 바탕으로 포장 콘크리트의 적정배합을 제시하였으며 결과는 다음과 같다. 플라이애쉬를 혼입한 포장콘크리트의 휨강도에 영향을 미치는 인자는 플라이애쉬 치환율이 가장 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 다음으로 굵은골재 최대치수와 물-시멘트비 순으로 영향을 미친다. 또한, 플라이애쉬 치환율과 굵은골재 최대치수의 상관관계가 가장 큰 것을 알 수 있었다. 목표압축강도를 목표 휨강도의 6배로 선택하여 적정구간을 결정하였으나, 적정배합구간이 목표압축강도에 의해서 결정되었다. 이는 플라이애쉬의 작은 수화물이 공극을 효과적으로 채움으로써 휨강도의 증진에 크게 기여하기 때문으로 판단된다. 고속도로 포장에 적용할 수 있는 32mm의 굵은골재 최대치수와 45%의 물-시멘트비를 사용하는 목표 휨강도 45kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 5.0%까지 플라이애쉬를 치환 가능하고, 50kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 2.5%까지 치환 가능하다. 공항 포장에 적용할 수 있는 40mm의 굵은골재 최대치수와 37%의 물-시멘트비를 사용하는 목표 휨강도 45kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 4.5%까지 플라이애쉬를 치환 가능하고, 50kg/㎠의 적정배합에서는 2.0%까지 치환 가능하다. The most of highway in Korea have been paved by concrete since last ten years. The recycling of fly ash in pavement concrete may result in economics, the improvement of concrete quality and the reservation of environment. This paper focused on the series of experiment and statistics analysis with experimental variables such as fly ash substitute ratio, water-cement ratio and maximum size of coarse aggregate in order to investigate the feasibility of recycling of fly ash in pavement concrete, to see the strength characteristics and t propose the optimum mix design based on previous results. The results of experiments and analysis were follows; The fly ash substitute ratio affected most seriously to the flexural strength of concrete among main variables, followed by maximum size of coarse aggregate and water-cement ratio. The interaction between fly ash substitute ratio and coarse aggregate size was the biggest. The optimum mix design was determined by target compressive, which was selected as 6 times of flexural strength. This indicated that the small hydrate of fly ash in concrete filled in effectively and resulted in the enhancement of flexural strength. the optimum mix design for highway pavement concrete with 32mm of maximum size of coarse aggregate and 45% of W/C can incorporate up to 5.0% and 2.5% of fly-ash at 45 kg/cm² and 50 kg/cm² of target flexural strength, respectively. The optimum mix design for airport pavement concrete with 40mm of maximum size of coarse aggregate and 37% of W/C can incorporate up to 4.5% and 2.0% of fly ash at 45 kg/cm² and 50 kg/cm² of target flexural strength, respectively.

금속담지 촉매를 이용한 아세틸렌의 삼합체 고리화 반응

정용화,박노국,김기석,이태진 한국공업화학회 2003 응용화학 Vol.7 No.2

Cyclotrimerization of acetylene to benzene was investigated on Pd/titania as a means to utilize acetylene as the feedstock for synthesis of valuable hydrocarbons. Literature indicated Pd and titania posses the activity for the reaction with relation to the density of Pd (111) plane and reduced titanium ions. Study of catalytic activity, product selectivity, and catalyst stability under varying catalyst specification and reaction condition has to be further conducted to develop a competitive process for the reaction. Our research investigated the effect of Pd loading, additional metal oxide, and reduction treatment upon the catalytic behavior of Pd/titania for the reaction in the laboratory scale.

현무암을 혼입한 콘크리트의 최적 배합설계를 위한 기초적 연구

정영화,김태경 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1996 産業技術硏究 Vol.16 No.-

The waste basalt might be recycled in concrete, resulting in energy saving and environmental protection. An half Factorial Experiments were performed with the variables of W/C ratio, S/A, Crushed stone/Basalt ratio and Slump as a preliminary study for optimum mix design fo concrete. The resutls show that the W/C ratio is the most important factor to the concrete strenth. The substitute of waste basalt up to 100% has little influence, saying that it can substitute the coarse aggregate without damaging the concrete properties.

컨버터로 제어되는 유도전동기 드라이브 시스템의 손실 모델링

정동화,이정철,박기태,이홍균 순천대학교 1999 순천대학교 자연과학논문집 Vol.18 No.2

An accurate loss model of induction motor drive controlled by the converter is proposed. Steady state fundamental and hamonics loss characteristics, besides the dynamics of the machine are analyzed and incorporated in the model, resulting in a new synchronous frame dynamics d-q equivalent circuit. The converter system has been modeled accurately for condition and switching losses.

정현추종 제어기를 이용한 전압형 PWM 컨버터의 입력전류제어

우정인,정기화,최선영,허태원 東亞大學校 附設 情報通信硏究所 1999 情報通信硏究所論文誌 Vol.7 No.1

This paper presents the sinusoidal tracking controllr in order to eliminate the steady state control error and to improve the transient characteristics for input current in voltage source PWN congerter. A general mathematical model with switching functions of the PWM converter that is represented as differential equation is established. The proposed model in current control system that does not require coordinate transformations is described. It is proved that the steady state deviation reduces to zero from a transfer function of input current control system. The sinusoidal tracking controller is realized by differential equations for the LC equivalent circuit. From simulations and experimental work, it is verified that the control system can eliminate the steady state error of input current and also improve the transient state characteristic.

결핵균 30-kDa와 32-kDa 단백항원의 분리정제와 마우스 비장세포 증식에 미치는 영향

백태현,오명주,김화중,조은경,박정규,최대경 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1993 충남의대잡지 Vol.20 No.1

Identification and characterization of individual components of M.tuberculosis have long been a focus of research on tuberculosis. The 30-kDa and 32-kDa antigens are major constituents of M bovis BCG and M. tuberculosis culture fluids. Because 30-kDa and 32-kDa antigens are partially identical, these antigens are difficult to purify in large amounts by biochemical techniques. This study was performed to purify the 30-kDa and 32-kDa antigens complexes primarily purified by 50% ammonium sulfate precipitation, hydroxylapatite chromatography and Sephadex G-75 gel filtration. And then further purification for separation of the two antigens was accomplished on preparative isoelectric focusing. Recovery of 30-kDa and 32-kDa antigens during above the purification procedures were 28% and 14%, respectively, and 147.0 and 59.8-fold purification were showed, respectively. On silver stained SDS-PAGE gels, the purified 32-kDa antigen gave a single band at 32-kDa molecule, while 30-kDa antigen gave one major band at 30-kDa molecule and faint additional band at 32-kDa. The pI of 30kDa-and 32-kDa antigens were 4.3 and 4.6, respectively. The partial identity between these two antigens was observed through the same pattern of reactivity of antigens in the ELISA and precipitation pattern of immunodiffusion. We also examined the immunological activities of both purified antigens by splenocyte proliferation of BCG-infected mice. Proliferative response to the 30-kDa and 32-kDa antigens did not show significant difference. However, macrophage-like cells existed in spleen cells from BCG-infected mice were involved in the suppression of the proliferative response to mycobacterial antigen. These results suggest that the 30-kDa and 32-kDa antigens could be effectively purified by the IEF and reactions of partial identity between the two antigens were found. However, 30-kDa antigen was the more immunogenic antigen than 32-kilodalton.

제조에 對한 文獻的 考察

안태규,최병렬,송기철,이용연,유화승,서상훈,최우진,조정효,이연월,손창규,조종관 대전대학교 한방병원 2001 惠和醫學 Vol.10 No.1

In the literatual study on Holotrichia, the results were obtained as follows ; 1. Holotrichia is larva of Holotrichia diomphalia Bates etc. powder or liquor of Holotrichia is used medically. 2. Appearance of Holotrichia is shape of kidney, yellowish color. 3. The oriental characters of Holotrichia is warm, toxicant, salty. 4. The significant efficancy of Holotrichia is breaking the stagnant blood. 5. Holotrichia can be applied to the diseases related to thrombosis, and recover the demage of liver. 6. Holotrichia avails Liver diseases such as Hepatitis, Liver cirrhosis, Hepatosplenomegaly, Hepatoma etc.