Combining Timber Production and Wood Processing for Increasing Forestry Income: A Case Study of 6th Industrialization in Korean Forestry

Won, Hyun Kyu,Jeon, Hyon Sun,Han, Hee,Lee, Seung Jung,Jung, Byung Heon Institute of Forest Science 2017 Journal of Forest Science Vol.33 No.4

This study was aimed to analyze the increased forestry incomes by combining timber production and wood processing, which is one of 6th industrialization types in Korean forestry. The selected household has been engaged in forestry for two generations and they produce timber and associated wood products in their own facility. The wood products include dimension lumber, interior wood material, cutting board, and cube chips, the household also utilize logging and sawmill residues as well as seed and seedlings as by-products. Incomes and expenses that have been incurred on individual processes of the sequential timber production and wood processing were surveyed, and we analyzed the economic outcomes of entire business. The results of this study indicate that the gross income of the household is 122.3 million Korean won and the net income is 93.6 million Korean won. The net income of the household is approximately 2.8 times higher than the average net income of whole households in the forestry of Korea in 2016, which is approximately 4.3 times higher than that of households that have been particularly engaged in timber production over the country. We found that the 6th industrialization by combining the two sequential processes creates approximately 3.2 times as much added value compared to the case relying on timber production only.

Combining Timber Production and Wood Processing for Increasing Forestry Income : A Case Study of 6th Industrialization in Korean Forestry

Hyun Kyu Won,Hyon Sun Jeon,Hee Han,Seung Jung Lee,Byung Heon Jung 강원대학교 산림과학연구소 2017 Journal of Forest Science Vol.33 No.4

This study was aimed to analyze the increased forestry incomes by combining timber production and wood processing, which is one of 6th industrialization types in Korean forestry. The selected household has been engaged in forestry for two generations and they produce timber and associated wood products in their own facility. The wood products include dimension lumber, interior wood material, cutting board, and cube chips, the household also utilize logging and sawmill residues as well as seed and seedlings as by-products. Incomes and expenses that have been incurred on individual processes of the sequential timber production and wood processing were surveyed, and we analyzed the economic outcomes of entire business. The results of this study indicate that the gross income of the household is 122.3 million Korean won and the net income is 93.6 million Korean won. The net income of the household is approximately 2.8 times higher than the average net income of whole households in the forestry of Korea in 2016, which is approximately 4.3 times higher than that of households that have been particularly engaged in timber production over the country. We found that the 6th industrialization by combining the two sequential processes creates approximately 3.2 times as much added value compared to the case relying on timber production only.

하수처리장 적용을 위한Semi-카플란 수차가 장착된 마이크로수력발전 시스템

채규정(Kyu Jung Chae),김동수(Dong Soo Kim),천경호(Kyung Ho Cheon),김원경(Won Kyoung Kim),김정연(Jung Yeon Kim),이철형(Chul Hyung Lee),박완순(Wan Soon Park) 大韓環境工學會 2013 대한환경공학회지 Vol.35 No.5

소수력발전은 하수처리장 에너지 자립을 위한 효과적인 대안이다. 본 연구는 유량변동이 크고 유효낙차가 낮은 중소형하수처리장(기흥레스피아) 적용을 위해 피치조절형 세미카플란(semi-kaplan) 마이크로수력발전의 적용 타당성을 평가하였다. 가변피치 semi-kaplan 수차는 유량조절을 위한 가이드베인은 생략하고 피치조절형 런너를 장착하여 기계적 결함은 줄이면서 유량변동이 큰 처리장에 특화된 기술이다. 마이크로수력발전 시스템은 설계조건(유량 0.35 m3/s, 유효낙차 4.7 m)에서 90.2%의 수차효율 달성이 가능하였고 발전용량은 13.4 kW로 산정되었다. 설비가동률 74%로 가동 시 연간 약 86.8 MWh 에너지 생산을 통해 2.1%의 에너지 자립이 가능하고 이는 연간 49톤의 CO₂ 감축효과와 맞먹는다. 경제성 평가결과 초기 건설공사비가 200,000,000원 이하인 경우에는 내부수익률은 6.1%, 순현가는 15,539,000원, 편익-비용률은 1.08, 투자회수년은 15.5년으로 경제성이 충분한 것으로 나타났다. Small scale hydropower is one of most attractive and cost-effective energy technologies for installation within sewage treatment plants. This study was conducted to evaluate the potential of a semi-kaplan micro-hydropower (MHP) system for application to sewage treatment plants with high flow fluctuations and a low head. The semi-kaplan MHP is equipped with an adjustable runner blade, and is without a guide vane, so as to reduce the incidence of mechanical problems. A MHP rating 13.4 kWp with a semi-kaplan turbine has been considered for Kiheung Respia sewage treatment plant, and this installation is estimated to generate 86.8 MWh of electricity annually, which is enough to supply electricity to over 25 households, and equivalent to an annual reduction of 49 ton CO₂. The semi-kaplan turbine showed a 90.2% energy conversion efficiency at the design flow rate of 0.35 m3/s and net head of 4.7 m, and was adaptable to a wide range of flow fluctuations. Through the MHP operation, approximately 2.1% of total electricity demand of Kiheung Respia sewage treatment plant will be achievable. Based on financial analysis, an exploiting MHP is considered economically acceptable with an internal rate of return of 6.1%, net present value of 15,539,000 Korean Won, benefit- cost ratio of 1.08, and payback year of 15.5, respectively, if initial investment cost is 200,000,000 Korean Won.

흉선종 제거후에 발생한 재생 불량성 빈혈 : 증례보고

전원선,이상철,김현정,배상병,김찬규,이남수,박노진,이규택,박성규,홍대식,박희숙,원종호 순천향의학연구소 2007 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.13 No.2

Thymoma is associated with myasthenia gravis, Pure red cell aplasia, and autoimmune diseases such as autoimmune hemolytic anemia, aplastic anemia, and hypogammaglobulinemia. It's association with aplastic anemia is rare and aplastic anemia appearing after surgical removal of thymoma is especially rare. The authors hereby report a case of aplastic anemia occuring in a patient who was diagnosed with thymoma and myasthenia gravis and had the tumor surgically removed. The patient was treated with anti-thymocyte globulin, cyclosporin, and prednisolone, and showed partial remission with hematologic improvements after 12 months.

우리나라 노인여성의 골다공증성 척추골절로 인한 경제적 부담 추계

강혜영,강대룡,장영화,박성은,최원정,문성환,양규현,Kang, Hye-Young,Kang, Dae-Ryong,Jang, Young-Hwa,Park, Sung-Eun,Choi, Won-Jung,Moon, Seong-Hwan,Yang, Kyu-Hyun 대한예방의학회 2008 예방의학회지 Vol.41 No.5

Objectives : To estimate the economic burden of osteoporotic vertebral fracture (VF) from a societal perspective. Methods : From 2002 to 2004, we identified all National Health Insurance claims records for women ${\geq}50$ years old with a diagnosis of VF. The first 6-months was defined as a "clearance period," such that patients were considered as incident cases if their first claim of fracture was recorded after June 30, 2002. We only included patients with ${\geq}$ one claim of a diagnosis of, or prescription for, osteoporosis over 3 years. For each patient, we cumulated the claims amount for the first visit and for the follow-up treatments for 1 year. The hospital charge data from 4 hospitals were investigated to measure the proportion of the non-covered services. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with 106 patients from the 4 study sites to measure the out-of-pocket spending outside of hospitals. Results : During 2.5 years, 131,453 VF patients were identified. The patients had an average of 3.38 visits, 0.40 admissions and 6.36 inpatient days. The per capita cost was 1,909,690 Won: 71.5% for direct medical costs, 20.6% for direct non-medical costs and 7.9% for indirect costs. The per capita cost increased with increasing age: 1,848,078 Won for those aged 50-64, 2,084,846 Won for 65-74, 2,129,530 Won for 75-84and 2,121,492 Won for those above 84. Conclusions : Exploring the economic burden of osteoporotic VF is expected to motivate to adopt effective treatment options for osteoporosis in order to prevent the incidence of fracture and the consequent costs.

콜레라독소의 피하투여에 의한 생쥐의 림프절 및 비장내 B 및 T 림프구의 분포변화

이원규,박낙진,김종원,허영범,김정혜,안희경 대한해부학회 1995 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.28 No.2

새마을金庫 會員들의 意識構造에 關한 檢證的 分析 : 釜山市를 中心으로 Especially in the Busa area

鄭原圭 釜山敎育大學 1977 부산교육대학 논문집 Vol.13 No.2

各級學校에 設置된 銀行의 運營實態와 그 改善方案에 關한 硏究 : 國民學校의 金融機關 派出收納과 貯蓄行態 The detached receipt and The Saving Forms of the elementary schools

鄭原圭 釜山敎育大學 1975 부산교육대학 논문집 Vol.11 No.2

The saving education in the elementary schools is carried out in various ways, but its result is stagnant and leaves much room for improvement. This study has dealt with the instillation of a desirable saving attitude and the encouragement of the will to save. This study has been attempted to find out the advisable suggestion by the needed saving education program. For this purpose, it is necessary to analyze and investigate the school banks, the detached receipt, its reality, saving education, and its form. This stydy me summarized as follows: (1) The real understanding of savings is weekened by the lack of understanding and the compulsory enforcement for the attainment of the target figures of the national savings union in preference to the necessary conception of the efficient saving education. A sure way to encourage the will to save is to enlighten the students on the necessity of savings and to relax the restrictions of the drawing deposits out of the school banks. (2) It is desirable to encourage the free children deposits and lead to the voluntary saving attitude and to increase the interests of deposits from the educational point of view. (3) It is necessary to found the children banks in the schools in order to save at any time they want. In case of the unfavorable conditions, it is advisable to adopt the detached receipts with the help of the neighboring banking institution. (4) It is important to provide the financial assistance for the effective operation of the children banks and to have a full-charge teacher in a school over twenty classes.

HELP Model을 이용한 매립지 침출수 발생량 예측

정규호,서상원,황선진 경희대학교 환경연구소 2001 環境硏究 論文集 Vol.10 No.-

Estimation of landfill leachate generation is main issue that determain leachate collection system and scale of disposal system. Other reason is indirect estimation of damage of collection, drainage and disposal system for generation difference and control. The subject of this study is that Sudogwon landfill site #1 is landfill closure site. Actual leachate start 493 m^(3)/day at Jan. 1993 and maintain 5,000∼7,000 m^(3)/day after 1997. The other side estimation from HELP Model is 3,000∼6,000 m^(3)/day for same period. But concerned with condensation water and compression by increased layers, historical actual leachate geneation and estimation from HELP Model are similar.

韓國 在來金融機構의 諸樣狀(上)

鄭原圭 釜山敎育大學 1972 부산교육대학 논문집 Vol.8 No.1

It was in 1878 that the bank system as a modern financial organ was first introdueed in Korea that is, the first bank in Korea was started when the Japanese National First Bank opened its branch in Pusan in 1878. Any form of bank didn't exist before. However, there had operated some kinds of financial organs such as Bo, Joe-Jug and Kae including factor or pawnshop, which dealt with spot trading and money lending. These organs didn't aim at financing when they were established but they incidentally functioned as a financing organ. Bo was founded on the fields and spot goods contributed to Buddhist temples. The temples loaned their possessions by means of Bo, and by the interests occurring from such a loan they could relieve the poor, promote the public welfare, and observe various kinds of Buddhist services. But it was degenerated into usury and eventually exploited the farmers and the public in general in the reign of Korea Dynasty when The Buddhism was so powerful and sophiscated that the temples were occupied in the business transactions. The objects of Joe-jug was principally to relieve the poor by loaning provisions to the exhausted farmers in spring-time and collecting them in harvest, but it was afterwards degenerated into an exploiting agancy like Bo due to the corruption of government officials. On the ofher hands, Kae was different from the others in originating from the necessities of the people themselves. The people oppressed by the government officials and the nobility was obliged to organize an association for the purpose of mutual assistance. The members of Kae were supposed to contribute a certain amount of cash and other possessions to help one another when necessary. Kae helped to liberate the people in general from susry as a popular financial organ. I'd like to touch on the factor and the relevant organs next time, but there can be no doubt that the above-mentioned organs played the same part as the bank as there had been no banks at that time, though they checked the modernization and capitalistic system of Korea.