『복음의 기쁨』에 대한 조직신학적 이해

박종천(Park, Jongchun) 신학과사상학회 2014 가톨릭 신학과 사상 Vol.- No.73

환경오염 지표종인 집비둘기의 생체조직 내 중금속 분포 특성

이장호 ( Jangho Lee ),이종천 ( Jongchun Lee ),박종혁 ( Jong-hyouk Park ),이유진 ( Eugene Lee ),심규영 ( Kyuyoung Shim ),장희연 ( Heeyeon Jang ),김명진 ( Myungjin Kim ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2016 환경영향평가 Vol.25 No.6

본 연구에서는 환경오염 모니터링 지표종인 집비둘기(Columba livia)의 생체조직 내 중금속 축적 특성을 파악하기 위해 국가환경시료은행 자체 모니터링 지점(한강공원, 함평공원)에서 채집된 집비둘기 시료를 분석하고, 집비둘기를 포함한 국내외 조류 총 17종의 연구 자료를 검토하여 생체조직 내 중금속 분포특성을 고찰하였다. 유해 중금속인 카드뮴은 한강공원과 함평공원 모두에서 신장에 가장 높은 축적농도 비율을 보였고, 국내외 집비둘기 사례와 기타 사례 총 34개 중 31개에서도 조류종과 상관없이 거의 대부분 신장이 가장 높은 축적농도 비율을 나타냈다. 유해 중금속인 납은 한강공원과 함평공원 모두에서 뼈가 가장 높은 축적농도 비율을 나타냈으며, 기존 연구사례 총 30개 중 17개에서 뼈에 가장 높은 축적농도 비율을 보였고, 다음으로 신장(10개 사례), 간(3개 사례) 순으로 나타났다. 따라서 납의 주요 축적 조직은 뼈라고 볼 수 있다. 아연은 한강공원에서 간에 가장 높은 축적농도 비율을 보였고, 함평공원에서는 뼈에 가장 높은 비율을 보였다. 기존 연구사례 총 16개 중 13개에서는 뼈에 가장 높은 축적농도 비율을 보였고, 다음으로 간이 차지하였다. 본 연구에서는 이상의 결과 등을 중금속의 생화학적 축적특성(뼈 생성과정에서 납-칼슘의 경쟁관계, 중금속 흡착 단백질(메탈로치오네인)의 역할 등)과 관련하여 검토하였다. 이러한 검토결과는 향후 집비둘기의 오염물질 축적 모니터링 연구의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다. In this study, heavy metal distributions in the tissues of feral pigeon (Columba livia) were characterized using samples collected from bio-monitoring sites (Hangang Park and Hampyeong Park) of the NESB (National Environmental Specimen Bank), Korea, in order to evaluate the feasibility of feral pigeons as an indicator for the environmental monitoring. Cadmium (Cd) was analyzed to be accumulated in kidneys at higher concentration than in the other tissues. Such trend can also be found in the reviews on the Cd accumulations of the 34 cases including 17 avian species which showed that 31 cases had the highest Cd concentrations in the kidney among tissues. However, lead (Pb) was found to be richest in the bones in this study. 17 cases out of 30 reviewed cases had the highest Pb concentration in bones, whereas other 10 cases showed the highest concentration in kidneys, and 3 cases in livers. Therefore, kidneys together with bones can be a main target organ to test cadmium exposure to different habitat environments depending on physiological traits of birds. Zinc (Zn) was found to be the highest concentration in the pigeon livers of Hangang Park, but not in the bones. In contrast, the 13 cases of 16 reviewed cases had the highest Zn concentration in bones, and the 3 cases in livers. In addition, the heavy metal distribution patterns in relations to the metal accumulation mechanisms (a competition between Pb and Ca, a function of methallothionein protein, and etc.) were discussed.

국가환경시료은행 생태계 대표시료의 채취 및분석 표준운영절차에 대한 단계별 측정불확도 평가 연구

이종천 ( Jongchun Lee ),이장호 ( Jangho Lee ),박종혁 ( Jong Hyouk Park ),이유진 ( Eugene Lee ),심규영 ( Kyuyoung Shim ),김태규 ( Taekyu Kim ),한아름 ( Areum Han ),김명진 ( Myungjin Kim ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2015 환경영향평가 Vol.24 No.6

Five years have passed since the first set of environmental samples was taken in 2011 to represent various ecosystems which would help future generations lead back to the past environment. Those samples have been preserved cryogenically in the National Environmental Specimen Bank(NESB) at the National Institute of Environmental Research. Even though there is a strict regulation (SOP, standard operating procedure) that rules over the whole sampling procedure to ensure each sample to represent the sampling area, it has not been put to the test for the validation. The question needs to be answered to clear any doubts on the representativeness and the quality of the samples. In order to address the question and ensure the sampling practice set in the SOP, many steps to the measurement of the sample, that is, from sampling in the field and the chemical analysis in the lab are broken down to evaluate the uncertainty at each level. Of the 8 species currently taken for the cryogenic preservation in the NESB, pine tree samples from two different sites were selected for this study. Duplicate samples were taken from each site according to the sampling protocol followed by the duplicate analyses which were carried out for each discrete sample. The uncertainties were evaluated by Robust ANOVA; two levels of uncertainty, one is the uncertainty from the sampling practice, and the other from the analytical process, were then compiled to give the measurement uncertainty on a measured concentration of the measurand. As a result, it was confirmed that it is the sampling practice not the analytical process that accounts for the most of the measurement uncertainty. Based on the top-down approach for the measurement uncertainty, the efficient way to ensure the representativeness of the sample was to increase the quantity of each discrete sample for the making of a composite sample, than to increase the number of the discrete samples across the site. Furthermore, the cost-effective approach to enhance the confidence level on the measurement can be expected from the efforts to lower the sampling uncertainty, not the analytical uncertainty. To test the representativeness of a composite sample of a sampling area, the variance within the site should be less than the difference from duplicate sampling. For that, a criterion, i.e. s2 geochem(across the site variance) 〈s2 samp(variance at the sampling location) was proposed. In light of the criterion, the two representative samples for the two study areas passed the requirement. In contrast, whenever the variance of among the sampling locations (i.e. across the site) is larger than the sampling variance, more sampling increments need to be added within the sampling area until the requirement for the representativeness is achieved.

국가환경시료은행 활엽 시료를 활용한 지역별 대기침적 오염물질 모니터링 활용성 검토

이종천 ( Jongchun Lee ),이장호 ( Jangho Lee ),박종혁 ( Jong-hyouk Park ),이유진 ( Eugene Lee ),심규영 ( Kyuyoung Shim ),장희연 ( Heeyon Jang ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2016 환경영향평가 Vol.25 No.6

국가환경시료은행(NESB)에서는 환경오염물질의 생태계 영향을 모니터링하기 위한 시료로서 8종의 생물시료를 정기적으로 채취하여 초저온(<-130 °C) 저장을 해 오고 있다. 이 중 2 종의 활엽수(느티나무 및 신갈나무 잎)가 중금속 및 잔류성유기오염물질(POPs)과 같은 대기오염물질 모니터링을 위한 환경 시료로서 활용되기 위해 채취되고 있다. 한 지역을 대표하기 위해 군락 내 여러 개체에서 시료를 채취하는 과정에서 개체별 차이 및 오염분포 특성에 따른 이질성이 구성 시료의 대표성에 영향을 미치게 되고 따라서 분석을 통한 측정값을 활용한 연구의 신뢰도에 문제를 초래할 수 있다. 따라서 이러한 시료종은 엄격한 표준운영절차(SOP)에 따라 채취됨으로써 대표성을 확보할 수 있고 이를 근거로 오염물질의 지역간, 연도별 비교가 가능하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 표준운영절차(SOP)에 따라 5 지역의 고정구에서 채취된 신갈나무, 느티나무 잎 시료를 대상으로 지역 간 오염물질의 농도차이를 비교하기 위해 주요원소 및 중금속, 그리고 다환방향족탄화수소(Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PAHs)에 대한 분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과인 측정값을 활용하기에 앞서 이에 대한 신뢰도 수준을 평가하기 위한 방편으로 시료채취단계에서 중복 시료를, 시료분석단계에서 중복분석을 수행하여 분산분석(ANOVA)을 수행하였다. 이로써 시료채취 및 분석의 단계별 불확도를 분리하여 산출한 후 측정불확도로 통합한 결과 측정값의 지역 간 연도별 농도 비교에 통계적 신뢰도 수준으로 활용할 수 있었다. 아울러 잎표면 대기침적물질 중 강우에 영향을 받는 중금속 및 PAHs 종류를 파악하기 위해 누적강우량과 오염물질의 축적도간 관계를 분석하였다. The National Environmental Specimen Bank (NESB) has been collecting broad leave samples to monitor environmental pollution from five different designated sampling areas. In order to ensure the reproducibility and comparability of the results, all the procedures from selecting trees and pooling leaves to make the representative sample are defined in the standard operation procedures(the SOP). The representative samples were subjected to the chemical analyses for some heavy minerals and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons(PAHs). The uncertainty levels involved in each step of the SOP, that is, the sampling and the chemical analysis, were derived using the Robust ANOVA, which enables the relative comparison among the different levels of pollutants concentrations with confidence. Furthermore, the effect of the varying degrees of precipitation on the pollutants concentration of the leaves was also examined. Overall, the biological difference estimated from the duplicate samples was found to exceed the variation across the site, implying even aerial deposition over site. Samples from Gwanak Mt. showed highest heavy metal concentrations than the other sites. Washing off effect of the pollutants adhering in the form of particles on the leaf surface was found to be affected by the cumulative precipitation.

공동주택 지하공간 침수방지를 위한 개량형 물막이설비 기술 개발

김종천(Kim, JongChun),김지호(Kim, Jiho),최주환(Choi Juhwan),박영진(Park, Youngjin) 대한토목학회 2023 대한토목학회 학술대회 Vol.2023 No.10

EPS용 전류 센서의 정밀 모델링 및 오차 분석

박제상(Jaesang Park),신창우(Changwoo Shin),원종천(Jongchun Won) 한국자동차공학회 2022 한국자동차공학회 학술대회 및 전시회 Vol.2022 No.11

다양한 전자 장치의 제어 대상으로 전류를 사용하고 있고, DC type이나 PMSM 모터를 사용하는 경우에는 출력 토크를 제어하는 수단으로 전류 측정 값을 되먹임 하는 제어기를 구성하는 것이 보편화 되었다. 이중에서 전류 측정 방법으로 사용되고 있는 션트 저항과 OpAmp의 조합은 이상적인 회로에서는 저항에 흐르는 전압을 측정함으로써 전류를 환산하는데 문제가 되지 않지만, 실제 제품을 만드는 경우에는 션트 저항의 산포나 OpAmp를 구성하는 주변 회로의 구성방법이나 산포로 인해서 OpAmp의 기본 수식적인 모델을 사용할 경우 오차가 발생한다. 이로 인해서 측정한 전류의 값이 실제의 전류 값과는 다른 값을 반환하게 되어서 제어용으로 전류를 측정하는 경우에는 전체 시스템의 출력이나 torque ripple과 같은 문제를 일으키게 된다. 본 연구에서는 정밀 제어를 하는 시스템에서 션트 저항과 OpAmp를 사용하여 전류 측정 시 회로 오차 및 기생 성분에 의한 측정 오차 분석을 위한 정밀 모델링 방법에 대해 제안하였다.

Preliminary study of DDTs variability depending on the egg-laying order of Black-tailed Gull (Larus crassirostris) breeding at Baengnyeongdo, South Korea

Jangho Lee,Jongchun Lee,Heeyeon Jang,Jong-Hyouk Park,Kyuyoung Shim 한국조류학회II 2017 한국조류학회지 Vol.24 No.2

DDTs of Black-tailed Gull (Larus crassirostris) eggs laid on Baengnyeongdo, West Sea of Korea was analyzed to compare the DDTs concentrations of eggs depending on an egg-laying order. The first-laid eggs had higher values in biometrics (length 63.98 ± 0.61 mm, t = 7.6, p < 0.01; width 44.83 ± 0.17 mm, t = 3.2, p < 0.05; weight 67.29 ± 1.20 g, t = 2.6, p = 0.08) than the second-laid eggs (length 62.33 ± 0.41 mm, width 43.52 ± 0.20 mm, and weight 62.21 ± 0.65 g). The concentrations of p,p’-DDE which was only determined in this analysis were not significantly different between the first (mean ± standard error, 218.4 ± 45.3 ng/g wet wt., n = 5, t = -2.0, p = 0.11) and the second-laid eggs (266.7 ± 69.1 ng/g wet wt., n = 5). However, due to the small sample size, it could be difficult to identify the distribution pattern of DDTs concentrations depending on the egg-laying order. Therefore, in order to improve representativeness of eggs sampling method relating to egg-laying order for long-term monitoring of pollutants accumulation, it is necessary to analyze enough sample size in a comparison study of DDTs concentrations depending on egg-laying order and to consider accumulation patterns of other persistent organic pollutants (except DDTs) and also to compare pollutants variability between within-clutch and among-clutches.

Occurrence of DDTs and PCBs in the eggs of black-tailed gulls (Larus crassirostris) inhabiting different Korean coastal ecosystems

Heeyeon Jang,Jongchun Lee,Jangho Lee,Jong-Hyouk Park,Kyuyoung Shim,Jeong-Heui Choi,Sun Kyoung Shin 한국분석과학회 2017 학술대회논문집 Vol.2017 No.11

Skin and Eye Irritation of a Bioherbicide, F40362, Isolated from Trifolium repens L.

Lim, Jonghwan,Hwang, Younhwan,Park, Byungkwon,Jang, Beomsu,Lee, Hyangbeom,Kim, Changjin,Kim, Jongchun,Jung, Sanghee,Cho, Junghyoung,Yun, Hyoin 충남대학교 수의과대학 동물의과학연구소 2001 動物醫科學硏究誌 Vol.9 No.-

The market for biopesticide is small but fast growing and large pest control companies are beginning to participate. The biopesticides replace conventional chemical pesticides in the foreseeable future. F40362 strain was selected by the screening of herbicidal activity on Trifolium repens L. and Zoysia japonica and was showed selective activity between Trifolium repens L. and Zoysia japonica. But, there is absolutely nc information on the mammalian physiology and toxicology of F40362. In view of a lack of information on its toxicity profiles, the present study performed the primary skin and eye irritation test in rabbits. F40362 was showed mild skin irritant under the conditions of this study and conjunctival redness and slight opacity on cornea appeared from 1 hour after application. The relevance of these irritation tests to evaluation of irritation in biopesticide remains to be further investigated.

Medical Findings in Women with Anorexia Nervosa in a Korean Population

YoulRi Kim,MyungHa Son,JongChun Nah,HyunAh Park 대한신경정신의학회 2013 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.10 No.2

Objective-Eating disorders are a common clinical problem among young women in Asian countries. The aim of this study is to determine the medical effects of anorexia nervosa (AN) in the Korean population. Methods-We comprehensively investigated medical complications including haemodynamic, haematologic, endocrine, and bone density abnormalities in 67 Korean women with AN, together with 194 healthy Korean women of comparable age with a cross-sectional design. Results-In AN, 36.9% were anaemic, 50.8% were leukopenic, 35.5% were hypoproteinemic, 7.9% were hypokalemic, 9.5% had increased alanine aminotransferase, 6.3% were hyperbilirubinemia, 14.5% were hypercholesterolemia, 14.8% had decreased triiodothyronine. Osteopenia at any one site was identified in 43.3% and an additional 13.4% had osteoporosis. The lowest-ever body mass index was the main determinant of bone mineral density. Conclusion-Our data in Korean patients with AN show high frequencies of laboratory abnormalities for medical complications. This study emphasizes the importance of recognizing AN as a medical risk in young Korean women.