중국거주 조선족 여성의 영적 안녕정도가 정신건강에 미치는 영향

정성덕,이종범,김진성,서완석,배대석,박순재,주열,염형욱,김승원,김구묘,안영록,황대홍,표미자,조창열,정태길 영남대학교 의과대학 2004 Yeungnam University Journal of Medicine Vol.21 No.2

자아초월 정신의학이 체계화되면서 영성(spirituality)은 인성의 한 부분이라는 이론이 대두되었는데 이 영성은 정신건강에 큰 영향을 미친다고 했다. 인간의 성향 중 영적 안녕 정도를 파악하여 그 정도가 정신건강 중 허위성 경향, 정신병적 경향 및 불안과 우울 경향 등에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 조사하고저 본 연구를 실시하였다. 대상은 중국의 연변 조선족 자치구에 거주하는 여성 400명을 대상으로 하여 한국판 영적 안녕척도를 사용하여 영적 안녕정도를 파악하였다. 영적 안녕척도의 총점과 이 척도의 2개 하위 척도인 종교적 안녕과 실존적 안녕 척도 양자로 평가한 성적이 불안-우울통합척도와 정신분열증 척도 및 허위성 척도로 평가한 성적에 미치는 영향을 검증하기 위하여 상관관계분석 및 회기분석을 실시하였다. 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 영적 안녕척도로 평가한 조선족 여성의 총점은 68.29로 한국의 기독교 여성이 평가한 100.65보다 훨씬 낮은 점수였다. 2) 불안·우울통합척도로 평가한 총점은 44.88로 연변노인이 평가한 점수와 일개지역의 한국농촌주민이 평가한 점수와 비슷한 결과였다. 3) 허위성 척도로 평가한 성적은 평균 74.57로 70점 이상이 86%(344명)이었으나 영적 안녕 성적과 허위성 성적 간에는 유의한 상관이 없었다. 4) 영적 안녕총점은 정신분열증 척도로 평가한 정신병적 경향에 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았으나 종교적 안녕하위척도의 성적은 정신병적 경향을 높여준데 비하여 실존적 안녕하위척도의 성적은 정신병적 경향을 낮게 해주었다. 5) 영적 안녕척도의 총점 및 두 하위척도인종교적 안녕과 실존적 안녕은 불안과 우울에유의한 상관을 보였는데 영적 안녕총점이 높을수록 불안·우울 총점이 다소 낮아지는 경향을 보였다. 6) 종교적 안녕 하위척도와 불안과 우울과의 관계는 종교적 안녕점수가 높을수록 불안과 우울을 각각 다소 유의하게 높여주었으며 이에 비하여 실존적 안녕하위척도와 불안과 우울과의 관계는 실존적 안녕정도가 높을수록 불안 및 우울점수는 유의하게 낮아졌다. 이와 같은 성적을 미루어볼 때 연변에 거주하는 조선족 여성이 평가한 영적 안녕정도는 정신병적 경향과 불안 및 우울에 유의한 상관을 보였으면 이 척도의 하위 척도인 종교적 안녕정도는 정신건강에 부정적인 영향을 미치는 반면 실존적 안녕정도는 정신건강에 긍정적 영향을 미친 결과로 평가되었다. 이러한 결과는 공산주의 사회에서 실존적 안녕은 긍정적인 가치관으로 평가되는 반면 종교적 안녕은 정신건강에 부정적으로 작용한 것을 입증해 주었다고 하겠다. Background: Spirituality has been an important part of Transpersonal Psychology and is believed to have a large effect on the mental health because it has been systematized. The aim of this study was to determine the level of spiritual disposition on human beings along with its effects on one's mental health. Materials and Methods: The study targeted 400 women residing in Youn-Gil city of JiLin Prov., which is a district of the Cho-Sun tribe in China. Their spiritual well-being was studied using the Spiritual Well-being Scale-Korean Version. The spiritual well-being scale consists of 2 sub-scales of religious well-being and existential well-being. The study was evaluated using a lie scale, psychotic trend, and a combined anxiety-depression scale. The results were considered to be factors of one's mental health. The correlation between the spiritual well-being and each tendency was analyzed by regression analysis. Results: The total score of the Cho-Sun tribal women according to the spiritual well-being scale was 68.29 which was much less than the 100.65 of Korean Christian women. There was no significant correlation between the spiritual well-being and the Lie trend. However, it was found that 86%(344) of Cho-Sun tribal women scored above 70 in the Lie trend with a mean score of 74.57 which is higher than normal populations. Regarding the correlation between the spiritual well-being and psychotic trend, the psychotic trend became significantly higher when the religious well-being was at a high level. On the other hand, the psychotic trend became significantly lower when the existential well-being was at a high level. Regarding the correlation between the spiritual well-being and anxiety, the anxiety was significantly higher when the religious well-being was at a high level. However, the anxiety level was significantly low when the existential well-being was at a high level. Regarding the correlation between the spiritual well-being and depression, the depression level was somewhat significantly high when the religious well-being was at a high level. However, the depression level was significantly low when the existential well-being was at a high level. Conclusion: This study evaluated the effects of spiritual well-being on a person's mental health among Cho-Sun tribal women in Youn-Gil city of JiLIn Prov., P.R. of China. The results found that the religious well-being, which is a sub-scale of spiritual well-being, had negative effects while the existential well-being had positive effects on the mental health. These results proved that a person's religious disposition had negative effects on their mental health in a communitarian society.

Development of Bibim Naengmyeon Sauce added with Watermelon Powder replacing sugar

Jiu Jin,Seiyoung Ahn,Jieun Oh,Chul Jin Kim,Mi Sook Cho 한국식품영양과학회 2021 한국식품영양과학회 학술대회발표집 Vol.2021 No.10

This study was conducted to investigate the possibility of watermelon as a natural sweetener on sauce. Watermelon powder was produced by drying whole watermelon including seed and rind containing rich Lycopene, Citrulline. The advantage of using watermelon powder is nutritional value instead of sugar, economical value as well. Bibimnaengmyeon sauces were prepared with 25-100% watermelon powder instead of sugar and analyzed with the control for quality characteristics and acceptance test. Moisture contents, pH, color, viscosity, salinity increased(p<0.001) while sugar contents decreased(p<0.001) as watermelon powder content increased. The WP50 sample that 50% of watermelon powder replacing sugar in the acceptance test showed a high result(p<0.01). The overall result indicates that the replacing 50% of sugar to Bibimnaemyeon sauce is optimal. This study is expected to contribute positive effect on surplus watermelom rendering to resources as natural sweetener. This work was supported by ‘Development of fresh HMR and its generic technology using local agricultural produce (Project No. PJ015281042021)’ from Rural Development Administration, Republic of Korea

Half-metallicity and magnetism at Heusler alloy surfaces: Co₂MSi(001) (M = Ti, Cr)

Jin, Ying Jiu,Lee, Jae Il WILEY-VCH Verlag 2008 Physica status solidi. PSS. A, Applications and ma Vol.205 No.8

<P>We investigated the electronic structures, magnetism, and half-metallicity at the (001) surfaces of full-Heusler alloys, Co<SUB>2</SUB>MSi (M = Ti, Cr), by using the all-electron full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method within the generalized gradient approximation. Both the Co-terminated (Co-term) and the MSi-terminated (MSi-term) surfaces were considered. From the calculated atom-resolved density of states, we found that the half-metallicity was destroyed at the Co-term surfaces for both alloys. The electronic structures at the MSi-term surfaces of the two alloys showed much different behavior. The half-metallicity was retained at the TiSi-term for Co<SUB>2</SUB>TiSi(001) but the minority spin gap was much reduced due to surface states located just below the Fermi level. On the other hand the half-metallicity was destroyed at the CrSi-term of Co<SUB>2</SUB>CrSi(001) due to the surface states located at the Fermi level. The calculated magnetic moment of the surface Co atom of the Co-term for Co<SUB>2</SUB>CrSi(001) was increased slightly to 1.05μ<SUB>B</SUB> with respect to that of the deep inner layers (∼1.00μ<SUB>B</SUB>), while that for Co<SUB>2</SUB>TiSi(001) was decreased to 0.88μ<SUB>B</SUB>. Large enhancement of the magnetic moment was found for the surface Ti atoms at TiSi-term of Co<SUB>2</SUB>TiSi(001) and Cr atoms at CrSi-term of Co<SUB>2</SUB>CrSi(001) with values of 0.07μ<SUB>B</SUB> and 2.91(<SUB>B</SUB>, respectively. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)</P>

Electronic Structures and Magnetism of the MgCFe₃(001) Surface

Ying Jiu Jin,I. G. Kim,J. I. Lee 한국자기학회 2002 Journal of Magnetics Vol.7 No.4

The electronic structures and magnetism of the non-oxide perovskite MgCFe₃(001) surface were investigated by using the all-electron full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). We considered both of the MgFe terminated (MgFe-Term) and the CFe terminated (CFe-Term) surfaces. We found that the minority spin d-bands of Fe(S) of the MgFe-Term are strongly localized and Fermi level (E_F) lies just below the sharp peak of the minority spin d-band of Fe(S), while the minority spin d-bands of Fe(S) of the CFe-Term are not localized much and Fermi level (E_F) lies in the middle of two peaks of the minority spins. The majority Fe(S) d-band width of MgFe-Term is narrower than that of the CFe-Term. It is found that the magnetic moment of Fe(S) of the MgFe-Term is 2.51 μ_B, which is much larger than that of 1.97 μ_B of the CFe-Term.

A first - principles study on the magnetism of an Fe chain on Cu(001)

Ying Jiu Jin,In Gee Kim,Jae Il Lee 한국자기학회 2003 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.13 No.2

The Electronic Structures and Magnetism of Monolayer Fe on CuGaSe₂(001)

Ying Jiu Jin,Jae Il Lee 한국자기학회 2007 Journal of Magnetics Vol.12 No.2

Ferromagnet/Semiconductor heterostructures have attracted much attention because of their potential applications in spintronic devices. We investigated the electronic structures and magnetism of monolayer Fe on CuGaSe₂(001) by using the all-electron full-potential linearized augmented plane-wave method within a generalized gradient approximation. We considered the monolayer Fe deposited on both the CuGa atoms terminated (CuGa-Term) and the Se atom terminated (Se-Term) surfaces of CuGaSe₂(001). The calculated magnetic moment of the Fe atom on the CuGa-Term was about 2.90 μB. Those of the Fe atoms on the Se-Term were in the range of 2.85-2.98 μB. The different magnetic behaviors of the Fe atoms on two different surfaces were discussed using the calculated layer-projected density of states.

A Prediction of Half-Metallicity in a Co2-Based Full Heusler Compound with the 4d Transition-Metal Element, Co2ZrSi: A First-Principles Study

Ying Jiu Jin,Jae Il Lee 한국물리학회 2007 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.51 No.I

We calculated the electronic structures of several Co$_2$-based full Heusler compounds with $4d$ transition elements \textit{T} and Si, Co$_2$\textit{T}Si (\textit{T} = Y, Zr and Nb), by using the all electron full potential band method and found that the Co$_2$ZrSi is half-metallic ferromagnet. The calculated atomic resolved density of states (DOSs) for Co$_2$ZrSi showed that it had a considerably large minority spin gap ($0.94\;\text{eV}$) and that the Fermi level was pinned just at the middle of the gap. The fact that the Co$_2$ZrSi had an integer value for the magnetic moment, $2.000\;\mu_{\text{B}}$ per formula unit (f.u.), also indicated that this compound was half-metallic. Calculations for the compounds Co$_2$YSi and Co$_2$NbSi showed that they were not half-metals, but ferromagneic metals with magnetic moments of $1.002$ and $2.243\;\mu_{\text{B}}$/f.u., respectively. The Fermi level of Co$_2$YSi, located at the left edge of the minority spin gap, made the material nearly half-metallic while that of Co$_2$NbSi was positioned just below a large peak of minority Co $3d$ states.

First-principles Study on the Half-metallicity and Magnetism of a Full Heusler Alloy, Co₂HfSi, in Bulk State and at its (001) Surfaces

Ying Jiu Jin,Jae Il Lee 한국자기학회 2008 Journal of Magnetics Vol.13 No.4

The authors predicted that Co₂HfSi, a Co₂-based full Heusler alloy, is being a half-metallic ferromagnet by first-principles calculations using the all electron full-potential linearized augmented plane wave method which adopts the generalized gradient approximation. The integer value of the calculated total magnetic moment of 2.00 μB per formula unit and a spin gap of 0.69 eV in spin down state confirmed the half-metallicity of bulk Co₂HfSi. For the Co₂HfSi(001) surface, we considered two possible surface terminations, namely, Co terminated and HfSi terminated surfaces. It was found that half-metallicity was retained at the HfSi-terminated surface but not at the Co-terminated surface. The magnetic moment of surface Co atoms in the Co-terminated surface was slightly lower than that of Co atoms in deep inner-layers, whereas the magnetic moments of Hf and Si atoms at the HfSi-terminated surface were almost same as those in deep inner-layers.

Surface Electronic Structures and Magnetism of a Full-Heusler Alloy Co₂CrGa(001) : A First-principles Study

Ying Jiu Jin,Jae Il Lee 한국자기학회 2007 Journal of Magnetics Vol.12 No.3

We have investigated the electronic structures and magnetism of a full Heusler alloy Co₂CrGa(001) surface by using the all-electron full-potential linearized augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). We considered two types of different terminations: the Co-terminated (Co-Term) and the CrGa-terminated (CrGa-Term) surfaces. From the calculated layer-projected density of states (LDOS), we found that the surface of the CrGa-Term shows nearly half-metallic character while that of the Co-Term is far from the half-metallic. For the Co-Term, the surface Co atom moves down to the bulk region by 0.05 A, while the subsurface Cr and Ga atoms move up to the surface layer by 0.05 and 0.01 A, respectively. For the CrGa-Term, there is a large inward relaxation of the surface Ga atom (0.07 A), but the relaxation of the surface Cr atom is very small (0.01 A). The relaxations affect not much to the overall shapes of DOS for both terminations, but make the surface states of the surface Cr and Ga atoms for the CrGa-Term shift to higher energy that enhances the nearly half-metallic character of the CrGa-Term. The magnetic moments of the surface Cr (2.98 μB) in the CrGa-Term and the surface Co (1.17 μB) in the Co-Term were much increased compared to those of the inner-layers (1.79 and 0.77 μB), respectively, while that of the subsurface Cr atom in the Co-Term was decreased to 1.19 μB.

Surface and interface half - metallicities of zinc - blende CrAs on GaAs(001)

Ying Jiu Jin,Jae Il Lee 한국자기학회 2004 한국자기학회 학술연구발표회 논문개요집 Vol.14 No.1