http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
신혁수, 김동범, 박진근, 이인환, 조해용 충북대학교 산업과학기술연구소 2013 산업과학기술연구 논문집 Vol.27 No.2
A valve spring retainer is a small disc and located at intake and exhaust valve stem of engine. The retainer supports a valve spring and transmits spring force to a valve. Force is applied to the retainer repeatedly by a rocker arm. Durability of the retainer is an important factor of performance. Weight of retainer affect dynamic performance of engine. Therefore, optimal strength and weight of the retainer design are needed. In this study, stress distribution and fracture load of retainer were analyzed by using FEM to design optimal strength and weight. Static load test was simulated by using commercial FEM code DEFORM-3D. Shapes of the retainer to reduce weight were designed and analyzed to verify validity of it. Simulated results and experimental ones were compared
필러 모델과 음소 모델 네트워크를 이용한 비인식 대상 문장 거부
이병혁,하진영 강원대학교 정보통신연구소 2005 정보통신논문지 Vol.9 No.-
Non-recognition utterance rejection is very important to improve the confidence of speech recognition system. Research efforts have been made for out-of-vocabulary word rejection. However, little attention has been paid to non-recognition sentence rejection. According to the appearance of pronunciation correction systems using speech recognition technology, it is needed to reject non-recognition sentences to provide users with more accurate and robust results. In this paper, we introduce three recognition network structures - phone-level, word-level, and sentence-level filler model network - using phone models and filler models to implement non-recognition sentence rejection system. We present three types of filler models: VC(Voiced Consonant), C(unvoiced Consonant), and V(Vowel) in the recognition network. Several experiments were performed to select the best network structure. We found that the word-level filler model network outperforms both phone-level model network and sentence-level filler model network. In addition, another experiment has been performed to find an optimal garbage ratio threshold according to the number of words in each target sentence. Experimental results show that we can achieve better performance using a length dependent threshold than using a constant threshold in terms of the average of FAR and FRR.
김형진,이지영,권혁윤 한국공업화학회 2004 응용화학 Vol.8 No.1
This study was carried out to evaluate the application possibility of UF Membrane System to papermaking industry in order to optimize the recycling of white water. In this study, for the efficiency test of UF modules, the MWCO(molecular weight cut-off) of the membrane was estimated by the COD measurement from UF filtrate water. From the rejection rate of membrane, three kinds of UF module were selected and evaluated in the factors of COD, SS, turbidity and flow rate.
김진환,이우태,김종혁 全南大學校 觸媒硏究所 1996 觸媒硏究 論文集 Vol.18 No.-
Composite membranes containing a metal complex as an oxygen carrier were prepared and tested for the capability of oxygen enrichment. The permeability characteristics of the membrane were measured by the volumetric method with the pressure difference ranging from 0.2 to 0.8Kg/cm². Both oxygen and nitrogen showed constant permeabilities, diffusion coefficients, and solubilities which do not depend on the pressure difference across the membrane. The metal complexes were also found to play a role of nitrogen carrier to a degree. For the case of the silicone membrane with Co(NO₃)₂.6H₂O complex, the permeability and the separation factor of oxygen were significantly improved to ??/cm³·cm/cm²·sec·cm-Hg and 2.7 respectively, at the pressure difference of 0.4Kg/cm². This improvement was attributed to the metal complex which acts as an oxygen carrier and thus increases the solubility of oxygen in the membrane.
Lee, Jin Ju,Kim, Dong Hyeok,Kim, Dae Geun,Lee, Hu Jang,Min, Wongi,Rhee, Man Hee,Cho, Jae Youl,Watarai, Masahisa,Kim, Suk American Society for Microbiology 2013 Infection and immunity Vol.81 No.7
<P><I>Brucella abortus</I> is an intracellular pathogen that uses a crafty strategy to invade and proliferate within host cells, but the distinct signaling pathways associated with phagocytic mechanisms of <I>B. abortus</I> remain unclear. The present study was performed to test the hypothesis that Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-linked signaling interacting with Janus kinase 2 (JAK2) plays an essential role in <I>B. abortus</I> phagocytosis by macrophages. The effects of TLR4-JAK2 signaling on <I>B. abortus</I> phagocytosis in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells were observed through an infection assay and confocal microscopy. We determined that the uptake of <I>B. abortus</I> was negatively affected by the dysfunction of TLR4 and JAK2. F-actin polymerization detected by flow cytometry and F-actin assay was amplified for <I>B. abortus</I> entry, whereas that event was attenuated by the disruption of TLR4 and JAK2. Importantly, JAK2 phosphorylation and actin skeleton reorganization were suppressed immediately after <I>B. abortus</I> infection in bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) from TLR4<SUP>−/−</SUP> mice, showing the cooperation of JAK2 with TLR4. Furthermore, small GTPase Cdc42 participated in the intermediate pathway of TLR4-JAK2 signaling on <I>B. abortus</I> phagocytosis. Consequently, TLR4-associated JAK2 activation in the early cellular signaling events plays a pivotal role in <I>B. abortus</I>-induced phagocytic processes in macrophages, implying the pathogenic significance of JAK2-mediated entry. Here, we elucidate that this specific phagocytic mechanism of <I>B. abortus</I> might provide achievable strategies for inhibiting <I>B. abortus</I> invasion.</P>
Associated Factors with Respiratory Virus Detection in Newborn with Suspected Infection
( Jin-hyeok Lee ),( Sun-young Cho ),( Myo-jing Kim ) 대한주산의학회 2017 大韓周産醫學會雜誌 Vol.28 No.4
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the detection rate of respiratory viruses and investigate the associated factors with respiratory virus detection in newborn infants with suspected infection. Methods: From January 2013 to December 2015, respiratory virus real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) results were obtained from 136 newborn infants aged ≤28 days who admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) of Dong-A University Hospital with suspected infectious diseases. We performed a retrospective analysis of the detection rate of respiratory virus, classes of respiratory viruses, clinical characteristics, and social environment characteristics associated with respiratory virus detection. Results: Of the 136 infants, 36 infants (26.5%) had the 37 following respiratory viruses: Respiratory syncytial virus (n=23), Rhinovirus (n=10), Parainfluenza virus (n=2), Influenza virus (n=1), and Corona virus (n=1). The detection of respiratory viruses was significantly associated with the old age at admission (17.3±5.8 vs. 10.6±6.8 days), the presence of respiratory symptoms: cough (72.2% vs. 7%), rhinorrhea (63.9% vs. 10%), rale (16.7% vs. 1%), a family history of respiratory illness (38.9% vs. 13%), especially siblings’ respiratory illness (33.3% vs. 8%), and a seasonal preference (October-March) (80.6% vs. 50%) (P<0.01). Conclusion: Respiratory virus is an important pathogen in newborn infants admitted to the NICU, who are suspected with infectious diseases. Respiratory virus detection was associated with admission age, presence of respiratory symptoms, a family history of respiratory illness, and seasonality.