여호와의 증인 환자에서 산과적 출혈 후 무수혈 치료 2예

김재령,여소진,이해혁,김정식,김태희,남계현,이권해,이임순,박진화,황경호 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Jehovah's Witness comprise a unique obstetric population. Their refusal of blood stems from an interpretation of a literal translation of the Bible, and it is this belief that puts them at an increased risk of morbidity and mortality if hemorrhage occurs. We report two cases of a Jehovah's Witness who bled massively due to obstetric hemorrhage, refused blood transfusion and had profound anemia. The patients were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin, parenteral iron and oxygen. And they were treated on an intensive care unit with intermittent positive pressure ventilation. We reviewed with literature considering the therapy for acutely anemic patients who refuse transfusion to decrease the duration of the most severe anemia.

血府逐瘀湯이 癌轉移 抑制에 미치는 影響

李眞華,沈範相,安圭錫,崔昇勳 대한한방종양학회 1999 대한한방종양학회지 Vol.5 No.1

To examine the effect of XuehdRUIng on the metastasis of cancer, the following experiments were carried out. Before the main experimnts, the cytotoxicity was measured by putting Xuefuzhuyutant sample in HT1080. Then zymography was made to examine the change of gelatinolytic activity. Weste blotting was carried out to examine the changes of Fos, Jun, Ets, Erk, md JNK. In vitro invasion assay with transwells coated by collagen and mangel was carried out. From the above reams the following conclusions were obtained. 1. The eXperimental result about cytotoxicity of Xuefuzhuyutang agaitst HTlO8O was a below. The stained cell count after beingtreated by by Xuefuzhuyutang sample 4M㎍/㎖ for 24 hours was 0.9% of total cells, and the stained cell count by Xuefuzhuyutang sample 100㎍/㎖ was 1.5% of total cells. Both were near the level of control group which showed O.6% stained. 2. Thee result of collagenase assay was as below. In Xuefuzhuyutang sample 400㎍/㎖, MMP2 was reduced as compared with TPA control group, and the band of MMP-9 induced by TPA disapappeared. In Xuefuzhuyutang samle 800㎍/㎖ both bands of MMP-2 and MMP-9 diSamared. 3. The results of westem blots for Jun, Fos, Ets, Erk, JNK were a below. In Xuefuzhuyutang sample 200㎍/㎖, Ets was reduced, and Jun, Fos were increased. 4 The result of invasion assay was as below. The number of cells which migrated gross trayswell membrane in Xuefuzhuyutang-treated group was less than that of control(+TPA) group. From the above results, it was concluded that Xuefuzhuyutang might inhibit the activity of collagenase not by the MMP-2, MMP-9 promoter but by the Other way.

보육교사-취업모와의 관계와 보육교사의 보육행동

이진화,조복희 한국영유아보육학회 2003 한국영유아보육학 Vol.0 No.34

The purpose of this study was to investigate the factors which influence the relationship of nursery teachers and working mothers and to find how the teacher-mother relationship is related to the educare behaviors of nursery teachers. The subjects involved in this study consisted of 204 infants(24 to 36 months), their working mothers, and their nursery teachers who resided in Seoul, Busan and Ulsan. The major results were as follows: 1. The Korean nursery teachers in charge of educare of 2-year-old infants perceived their relationship to working mothers as relatively positive, and had more positive relationship with the working mothers when the subject infants were girls. 2. The factors which affected the teacher-working mother relationship perceived by the nursery teachers of 2-year-old infants included the communication level between the working mothers and the teachers, and the education level of the nursery teachers. 3. The Korean nursery teachers in charge of educare of 2-year-old infants conducted the language development promotion behavior most during the indoor play time in the morning and then the positive social emotional response behavior. On the other hand, the concept development promotion behavior was not conducted much. 4. The teacher-working mother relationship perceived by the nursery teachers and their educare behaviors had significant correlation in several aspects. 5. The Korean nursery teachers of 2-year-old infants conducted more negative social emotional response behavior and basic caring(environmental) behavior and the language development promotoin behavior less as they were under more educare stress.

중학생을 대상으로 한 대수 문장제 해결에서의 유추적 전이

이종희,김진화,김선희 한국수학교육학회 2003 수학교육 Vol.42 No.3

Analogy, based on a similarity, is to infer the properties of the similar object from properties of an object. It can be a very useful thinking tool for learning mathematical patterns and laws, noticing on relational properties among various situations. The purpose of this study, when manipulating hint condition, figure and table conditions and the amount of original learning by using algebra word problems, is to verify the effects of analogical transfer in solving equivalent, isomorphic and similar problems and similar problems according to the similarity of source problems and target ones. Five study questions were set up for the above purpose. It was 354 first grade students of S and G middle schools in Seoul that were experimented for this study. The data was processed by MANOVA analysis of statistical program, SPSS 10.0. The results of this studies would indicate that most of the students would be poor at solving isomorphic and similar problems in the performance of analogical transfer according to the similarity of source and target problems. Hints, figure and table conditions did not facilitate the analogical transfer. Merely, on the condition that amount of learning was increased, analogical transfer of the students was facilitated. Therefore, it is necessary to have students do much more analogical problem-solving experience to improve their analogical reasoning ability through the instruction program development in the education fields.

성인여성의 취업유형에 따른 쇼핑성향 및 구매기준 비교연구

이진화,홍재원 대한가정학회 2004 Family and Environment Research Vol.42 No.3

The purpose of this study was to compare shopping orientations and purchase criteria according to the occupational status, professionals, non-professionals, and homemakers among female consumers. Subjects were selected from mailing lists through a random sampling technique in the United States. Collection of the research data was made using an adaptation of the Total Design Method for implementing mail surveys. ANOVA, Regression, and Duncan Test were used to conduct the data analysis on 254 out of 1000 questionnaires. The three job status showed significant differences in 5 shopping orientations(Sex role oriented, fashion conscious, credit oriented, catalog oriented, and value onented). Even after controlling the effect of income and education level, significant differences were noticed in 4 shopping orientations, the exception being value conscious. Brand, price, and country of origin among the job status groups also showed significant differences in results for purchase criteria.

초경 전후 경추골 성숙도에 관한 연구

이진화,강윤구,이기수,남종현 대한치과교정학회 2009 대한치과교정학회지 Vol.39 No.1

본 연구는 성장기의 여아에서 초경 전후 경추골의 발육 특징을 파악하고 이를 통해 초경과 경추골 발육과의 관계에 대해 규명하고자 시행하였다. 초경 전후 1년 이내에 내원한 여아 67명을 대상으로 하였고 총 77매의 측모 두부규격 방사선사진을 이용하였다. 제3, 4경추의 외형을 트레이싱하고 경추 하연의 만곡도와 경추의 하연의 길이에 대한 전연의 길이의 비를 구하였다. 초경 전후의 시간적 관계에 따라 이 측정치들의 변화를 분석하였다. 초경 시 제3경추 하연의 만곡도는 1.27 (± 0.18) mm, 제4경추 하연의 만곡도는 1.06 (± 0.15) mm, 제3경추의 하연의 길이에 대한 전연의 길이의 비는 0.73 (± 0.06), 제4경추의 하연의 길이에 대한 전연의 길이의 비는 0.70 (± 0.05)였다. 초경 전후 2년의 기간동안 경추골의 발육에 따라 외형의 변화가 관찰되었다. 제3경추의 하연의 만곡도와 하연의 길이에 대한 전연의 길이의 비, 제4경추 하연의 만곡도는 초경 전후 2년 간에 걸쳐 통계적으로 유의성 있는 증가를 보였다. 제4경추 하연의 길이에 대한 전연의 길이의 비는 초경 이후 유의성 있는 증가를 보였다. 초경 전후 2년간 제3, 4경추의 하연의 만곡도는 이미 나타난 후 점차 뚜렷해졌다. 경추골의 형태는 세로의 길이가 증가하였으나 세로보다는 가로의 길이가 긴 사각형이었다. 측모 두부규격 방사선사진상의 제3경추와 제4경추의 발육 특징은 초경 전후의 여아에서 유의성있는 변화를 보였으며 이는 성장 평가를 위한 하나의 유용성이 있는 지표가 될 수 있을 것으로 생각한다. Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between menarche and cervical vertebral maturation. Methods: Lateral cephalograms of 67 young korean girls within the range of 1 year before or after their menarche were gathered. The concavity of the cervical vertebrae base and the ratio of the base length to the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae anterior height were measured and analyzed. Results: The mean measured values were as follows; concavity of the 3rd cervical vertebrae base: 1.27 (± 0.18) mm, concavity of the 4th cervical vertebrae base: 1.06 (± 0.15) mm, ratio of the base length to the 3rd cervical vertebrae anterior height: 0.73 (± 0.06) and ratio of the base length to the 4th cervical vertebrae anterior height: 0.70 (± 0.05). There was a significant increase in the ratio of the base length to the 3rd vertebrae anterior height and the base concavity of the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae during the period of 1 year before to 1 year after their menarche. Conclusions: These characteristics of the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebrae on the lateral cephalogram can provide useful clues on evaluating the growth stage.

평생교육 프로그램개발의 통합적 전문성 유형화와 구성요인에 관한 연구

이혜진,김진화 한국농업교육학회 2008 농업교육과 인적자원개발 Vol.40 No.3

The purpose of this study were to classify the integrated professionalism of program development and to draw the selected component based on the theories of professionalism of program development. To this end, the study analyzed the recognition levels of professionalism of program development, performance level of professionalism of program development, explanatory variables of professionalism of program development, and factors of integrated professionalism of program development. Major results in this study were as follows: First, with respect to the lifelong educator's recognition of professionalism of program development, the each stage of program development had following causes that had significant explanatory power: 'group activities', 'drawing up a planing document', 'deciding a promoting model', 'applying idea producing technique', 'research and analysis of the learner's characteristics and level', 'establishment of demand analysis plan', 'research on related theme', 'contents selection', 'the establishment of program managing planning', 'the program development managing', 'visible graphics', 'logical persuasion on program validity', 'open adoption of various opinions', and 'meditation on conflict'. Second, this results implies that the professionalism of program development is compositely linked to functional and political competencies as well as the task of program development. Third, the lifelong educator's integrated professionalism of program development was composed of four elements. They were specifically named 'the professionalism of contents selection through learning needs analysis', 'the professionalism of the operation of program development workshop', 'the professionalism of contents elaboration through setting program learning goals', 'the professionalism of drawing up the planing document through situation analysis'. These findings are useful in improving the lifelong educator's practical program development competencies by newly categorizing the professionalism of program development into four types. 본 연구의 목적은 평생교육 프로그램개발의 전문성 이론에 근거하여 프로그램개발의 통합적 전문성의 유형과 구성요소를 도출하는 것이었다. 이러한 연구의 목적을 달성하기 위해 프로그램개발 전문성에 대한 인식수준, 프로그램개발 전문성의 과업수행수준, 프로그램개발 전문성의 설명요인, 프로그램개발의 통합적 전문성의 구성요인을 분석하였다. 연구의 결과는 첫째, 평생교육사의 프로그램개발 전문성 인식과 관련하여 '모임활동', '기획안 작성', '추진모델 설정', '아이디어 창출기법 적용', '학습자 특성 및 수준 조사·분석', '요구분석 계획수립', '관련주제 조사·연구', '내용 선정', '프로그램 진행계획 수립', '프로그램개발 진행', '가시적 그래픽화', '프로그램 타당성에 대한 논리적 설득', '다양한 의견의 개방적 수용', '갈둥 조정' 변인이 유의미한 설명력을 가지는 것으로 확인되었다. 둘째, 프로그램개발 전문성이 프로그램개발 과업뿐만 아니라 기능적 능력과 정치적 능력이 복합적으로 관련되어 있음이 계량적으로 확인되었다. 셋째, 평생교육사의 프로그램개발 통합적 전문성이 '학습요구분석을 통한 내용 선정의 전문성', '프로그램개발 워크숍 진행의 전문성', '프로그램 학습목표 설정을 통한 내용 정교화의 전문성', '상황분석을 통한 기획안 작성의 전문성' 등의 요인으로 추출되었다. 이러한 연구결과는 평생교육 프로그램개발의 전문성을 4개의 유형으로 타당화시킴으로써 향후 평생교육사 프로그램개발의 실무능력을 향상하는 데 유용할 것이다.

여성 간질 환자에서 항경련제 복용에 따른 대사 및 생리주기의 변화

김지영,이진화,김숙희,이향운 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2005 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.28 No.2

Background & Objectives : Women with epilepsy(WWE) are at risk for reproductive and metabolic disorders. This study was performed to investifate whether WWE are more likely to have menstual or metabolic abnormalities, and whether some antiepileptic drugs(AEDs) more likely provoke those problems. Methods : WWW aged 15-50 years old, taking one or more AEDs for at least 6 months, were recruited. Subjucts checked their oral temperature each morning. Body mass index(BMI : kg/㎡) and waist to hip (W/H) ratio were calculated as obesity markers. Hirsutism index, as a marker of polycystic ovary syndrome, was calculated by Ferriman-Gallwey score(hirsutism if score>8). Serum tests ofr gonadotrophins, steroid hormones, sex hormone binding globulins (SHBG), lipid profiles, insulin were performed on menstrual cycle days 3 to 5. Results : Among 54 patients, 18 women were diagnosed as primary generalized epilepsy(PGE) and the other 36 were localoization-related epilepsy(LRE). Also, 21 women(38.9%) were treated with carbamazepine(CBZ), 14 women(25.9%) with valproate(VPA), and 19(35.2%) with lamotrigine(LTG) or topiramate(TPM). Menstrual disturbance was found in 60.0% of PGE versus 30.6% of LRE patients(p=0.050), while 64.3% of VPA and 28.6% of CBZ-treated patients(p=0.036). The W/H ratio and BMI were higher in VPA, than in CBZ-treated patients(p=0.048 and 0.018). The total and HDL-cholesterols decreased in the VPA group compared to the CBZ group(p=0.025 and 0.009). Conclusion : WWE are more likely to experience menstrual and metabolic alterations. WWE with VPA tend to have abdominal obesity and alterations in lipid metabolism.

수종 한약제의 위암세포에 대한 항암작용 효능 검색 및 약리작용에 관한 분자생물학적 연구

김진성,이지향,류봉하,박재훈,지성길,유진화 대한한방종양학회 1999 대한한방종양학회지 Vol.5 No.1

Traditional oriental medicines have ken used for tmament of various kinds of human cancers for long times and some of mem proven to k effective clinical-. However, the pItarmacologica1 actions ad mechanisms related to cancer treatment are generally unknown. In an effort to clarify the action mechanisms of several oriental medicines used for cancer treatments. we planned this experimental praedura. We selected Cadyceps sinensis (동충하초), Punellae Herba (夏柱草), Rehmanniae Radix (熟地黃), Paeoniae Radix (白均案), Oldedamar Herba (白花批告草), Partulaceae Herba (馬首算), Scdopendrasubspinipes mudans (蜈松), Mylabris Phalerara (班藝), Phellinus igniarius(蔡黃), Ganodermae Lignum(靈芝) for evaluation, which have ken used for patients of gastric cancers. The twenty grams of medicines were boiled in 100㎖ of water for 1 hour and filtered with O.2㎛ pore-sized filter unit to remove insoluble particles. Initially we evaluated the effects oriental medicines on growth inhibition in stomach cancer cells. The gastric cancer cell line, AGS, was cultured in RPMI l640 supplemented with lO% heat-inactivated fetal bovine serum and Heated with lO㎕ oriental medicines per l㎖ of medium up to 48 hours. The specimens were subjected to MTT assay for evaluation of growth inhibition. We found mat Mylabris piulema (班 察) markedly supmessed the growth of cancer cells as shown in results. Next, we checked the effects of orielntl medicines on cancer on cell cycles and apMonsis. Mylabrls phalerata (반모) inhibited cell cycle progression of Canea cells a compared with connol cells and cells treated with other medicines. In addition, Mylabri phalerata (반모) induced apptosis in 30-40% of stomch cancer cells within 24 hours. Other oriental medicines used for this experiments did not show apoptosis-inducing effects on cancer cells. Finally, we determined the expmSSion levels of genes associated with cell cycle Md apoptosis. The expressions of bcl-2 and bcl-XL were downregulated by the treamerm of Mylabris phalerata (반모). However, the expression levels of genes related to cell cycles were not altered significantly. In conclusion, we found that Mylams phalerata (반모) has in vivo gowth-inhibiting ad apptosis- inducing effects on stomach cancer cells. However, we think that at least animal experiments are necessay for evduations.

청바지제품 세분시장 내 가격-품질 평가집단 추출에 관한 연구 : 결합분석과 mixture model를 이용하여 Based on Conjoint analysis and mixture model

곽영식,이진화 한국의류학회 2002 한국의류학회지 Vol.26 No.11

The purpose of this study was to identify the consumers who use the level of price as the indicator of the product quality. In order to implement the purpose of this study, Jeans market had been segmented by the mixture regression model, and price response function was calibrated for each segment. Based on the types of price response function, segments were allocated into one of two groups the group using the level of price as the quality indicator or the group not using the level of price as that. Then, characteristics of both groups were compared in terms of product attributes and demographic variables. Data were collected from the sample of the 230 undergraduate and graduate students in Seoul. For the data analysis mixture regression model, conjoint analysis and t-test were used. As a result, jeans market was divided into 5 segments. Segment 1,2,3 were allocated into the group not using the level of price as the quality indicator while segment 4,5 were done into the other group. Significant differences existed between two groups in product atttibutes, not in demographic variables. Mixture model and conjoint analysis were proved to be an effective set of tools in market segmentation.