Atypical Antipsychotics Mediate Dynamics of Intrinsic Brain Activity in Early-Stage Schizophrenia? A Preliminary Study

Yingchan Wang,Yuchao Jiang,Dengtang Liu,Jianye Zhang,Dezhong Yao,Cheng Luo,Jijun Wang 대한신경정신의학회 2021 PSYCHIATRY INVESTIGATION Vol.18 No.12

Objective Abnormalities of static brain activity have been reported in schizophrenia, but it remains to be clarified the temporal variability of intrinsic brain activities in schizophrenia and how atypical antipsychotics affect it.Methods We employed a resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI) and a sliding-window analysis of dynamic amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (dALFF) to evaluate the dynamic brain activities in schizophrenia (SZ) patients before and after 8-week antipsychotic treatment. Twenty-six schizophrenia individuals and 26 matched healthy controls (HC) were included in this study.Results Compared with HC, SZ showed stronger dALFF in the right inferior temporal gyrus (ITG.R) at baseline. After medication, the SZ group exhibited reduced dALFF in the right middle occipital gyrus (MOG.R) and increased dALFF in the left superior frontal gyrus (SFG.L), right middle frontal gyrus (MFG.R), and right inferior parietal lobule (IPL.R). Dynamic ALFF in IPL.R was found to significant negative correlate with the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) scores at baseline.Conclusion Our results showed dynamic intrinsic brain activities altered in schizophrenia after short term antipsychotic treatment. The findings of this study support and expand the application of dALFF method in the study of the pathological mechanism in psychosis in the future.

A 2-40 Gb/s PAM4/NRZ Dual-mode Wireline Transmitter with 4:1 MUX in 65-nm CMOS

Fangxu Lv,Xuqiang Zheng,Feng Zhao,Jianye Wang,Ziqiang Wang,Shuai Yuan,Yajun He,Chun Zhang,Zhihua Wang 대한전자공학회 2018 Journal of semiconductor technology and science Vol.18 No.2

This paper presents a 2-40 Gb/s dual-mode wireline transmitter supporting the four-level pulse amplitude modulation (PAM4) and non-return-tozero (NRZ) modulation with a multiplexer (MUX)-based two-tap feed-forward equalizer (FFE). An edgeacceleration technique is proposed for the 4:1 MUX to increase the bandwidth. By utilizing a dedicated cascode current source, the output swing can achieve 900 mV with a level deviation of only 0.12% for PAM4. Fabricated in a 65-nm CMOS process, the transmitter consumes 117 mW and 89 mW at 40 Gb/s in PAM4 and NRZ at 1.2 V supply.

Induced Intermediate Mesoderm Combined with Decellularized Kidney Scaffolds for Functional Engineering Kidney

Jianye Zhang,Kailin Li,Feng Kong,Chao Sun,Denglu Zhang,Xin Yu,Xuesheng Wang,Xian Li,Tongyan Liu,Guangfeng Shao,Yong Guan,Shengtian Zhao 한국조직공학과 재생의학회 2019 조직공학과 재생의학 Vol.16 No.6

BACKGROUND: Chronic kidney disease is a severe threat to human health with no ideal treatment strategy. Mature mammalian kidneys have a fixed number of nephrons, and regeneration is difficult once they are damaged. For this reason, developing an efficient approach to achieve kidney regeneration is necessary. The technology of the combination of decellularized kidney scaffolds with stem cells has emerged as a new strategy; however, in previous studies, the differentiation of stem cells in decellularized scaffolds was insufficient for functional kidney regeneration, and many problems remain. METHODS: We used 0.5% sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) to produce rat kidney decellularized scaffolds, and induce adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) into intermediate mesoderm by adding Wnt agonist CHIR99021 and FGF9 in vitro. The characteristics of decellularized scaffolds and intermediate mesoderm induced from adipose–derived stem cells were identified. The scaffolds were recellularized with ADSCs and intermediate mesoderm cells through the renal artery and ureter. After cocultured for 10 days, cells adhesion and differentiation was evaluated. RESULTS: Intermediate mesoderm cells were successfully induced from ADSCs and identified by immunofluorescence and Western blotting assays (OSR1 ? , PAX2 ?). Immunofluorescence showed that intermediate mesoderm cells differentiated into tubular-like (E-CAD ? , GATA3 ?) and podocyte-like (WT1 ?) cells with higher differentiation efficiency than ADSCs in the decellularized scaffolds. Comparatively, this phenomenon was not observed in induced intermediate mesoderm cells cultured in vitro. CONCLUSION: In this study, we demonstrated that intermediate mesoderm cells could be induced from ADSCs and that they could differentiate well after cocultured with decellularized scaffolds.

Multilevel Deficiency of White Matter Connectivity Networks in Alzheimer's Disease: A Diffusion MRI Study with DTI and HARDI Models

Wang, Tao,Shi, Feng,Jin, Yan,Yap, Pew-Thian,Wee, Chong-Yaw,Zhang, Jianye,Yang, Cece,Li, Xia,Xiao, Shifu,Shen, Dinggang Hindawi Publishing Corporation 2016 Neural plasticity Vol.2016 No.-

<P>Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common form of dementia in elderly people. It is an irreversible and progressive brain disease. In this paper, we utilized diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to detect abnormal topological organization of white matter (WM) structural networks. We compared the differences between WM connectivity characteristics at global, regional, and local levels in 26 patients with probable AD and 16 normal control (NC) elderly subjects, using connectivity networks constructed with the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) model and the high angular resolution diffusion imaging (HARDI) model, respectively. At the global level, we found that the WM structural networks of both AD and NC groups had a small-world topology; however, the AD group showed a significant decrease in both global and local efficiency, but an increase in clustering coefficient and the average shortest path length. We further found that the AD patients had significantly decreased nodal efficiency at the regional level, as well as weaker connections in multiple local cortical and subcortical regions, such as precuneus, temporal lobe, hippocampus, and thalamus. The HARDI model was found to be more advantageous than the DTI model, as it was more sensitive to the deficiencies in AD at all of the three levels.</P>

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modified with Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1${\alpha}$ Improve Cardiac Remodeling via Paracrine Activation of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction

Tang, Junming,Wang, Jianing,Guo, Linyun,Kong, Xia,Yang, Jianye,Zheng, Fei,Zhang, Lei,Huang, Yongzhang Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.29 No.1

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising source for cell-based treatment of myocardial infarction (MI), but existing strategies are restricted by low cell survival and engraftment. We examined whether SDF-1 transfection improve MSC viability and paracrine action in infarcted hearts. We found SDF-1-modified MSCs effectively expressed SDF-1 for at least 21days after exposure to hypoxia. The apoptosis of Ad-SDF-1-MSCs was 42% of that seen in Ad-EGFP-MSCs and 53% of untreated MSCs. In the infarcted hearts, the number of DAPI-labeling cells in the Ad-SDF-1-MSC group was 5-fold that in the Ad-EGFP-MSC group. Importantly, expression of antifibrotic factor, HGF, was detected in cultured MSCs, and HGF expression levels were higher in Ad-SDF-MSC-treated hearts, compared with Ad-EGFP-MSC or control hearts. Compared with the control group, Ad-SDF-MSC transplantation significantly decreased the expression of collagens I and III and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9, but heart function was improved in d-SDF-MSC-treated animals. In conclusion, SDF-1-modified MSCs enhanced the tolerance of engrafted MSCs to hypoxic injury in vitro and improved their viability in infarcted hearts, thus helping preserve the contractile function and attenuate left ventricle (LV) remodeling, and this may be at least partly mediated by enhanced paracrine signaling from MSCs via antifibrotic factors such as HGF.

Simultaneous optimization of ultrasound-assisted extraction for total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity of the tender stem of Triarrhena lutarioriparia using response surface methodology

Qingming Cao,Jianye Yan,Zhicheng Sun,Limin Gong,Hongnian Wu,Shihan Tan,Yating Lei,Bo Jiang,Yuanqing Wang 한국식품과학회 2021 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.30 No.1

The asparagus of Triarrhena lutarioriparia (TL)is a popular vegetable with abundant chemical compoundsin China. This study aims to optimize the ultrasound-assistedextraction (UAE) method for its content of totalflavonoid and antioxidant activities by response surfacemethodology (RSM). Box-Behnken design was adopted toevaluate the influences of ethanol concentration, extractiontime and solvent-to-sample ratio on the extraction yield oftotal flavonoid and the antioxidant activity. Considering themaximum content of extracted total flavonoids andantioxidant activity, the optimal extraction conditions wereacquired with 70% (v/v) ethanol by UAE for 60 min at asolvent-to-sample ratio of 40 mL/g. The proportion of theextraction of total flavonoid was 15.88 mg/g and antioxidantactivity reached 79.53%. The RSM would be recommendedas an appropriate model for simultaneousoptimization of the UAE conditions for the content of totalflavonoid and the antioxidant activity of asparagus of TL.

Improved inverse kinematics and dynamics model research of general parallel mechanisms

Xingchao Zhang,Hongbo Wang,Yu Rong,Jianye Niu,Junjie Tian,Shanshan Li,Yuansheng Ning 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.2

Since the classical kinematics model of parallel manipulators cannot accurately reflect the angular velocity and angular acceleration of the limbs, an improved kinematics model is proposed and an inverse dynamic model of the general parallel manipulator is derived based on the improved kinematics model. This paper proves that the shortcoming of the classical kinematics model is that a single model cannot accurately describe the movement of several types of branches in a parallel manipulator. Combined with the principle of angular velocity superposition and vector chain method, the improved kinematic models of the general parallel manipulator’s several typical limbs are derived. Then, an explicit inverse dynamic model of a general parallel robot is established based on the principle of virtual work. Finally, to describe the effectiveness of the improved model, we analyzed a new type of UP+SPR+SPU parallel manipulator. The improved models had higher accuracy than the classical models through the comparison.

Mesenchymal Stem Cells Modified with Stromal Cell-Derived Factor 1б Improve Cardiac Remodeling via Paracrine Activation of Hepatocyte Growth Factor in a Rat Model of Myocardial Infarction

Junming Tang,Jianing Wang,Linyun Guo,Xia Kong,Jianye Yang,Fei Zheng,Lei Zhang,Yongzhang Huang 한국분자세포생물학회 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.29 No.1

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a promising source for cell-based treatment of myocardial infarction (MI), but existing strategies are restricted by low cell survival and engraftment. We examined whether SDF-1 transfection improve MSC viability and paracrine action in infarcted hearts. We found SDF-1-modified MSCs effectively ex-pressed SDF-1 for at least 21days after exposure to hy-poxia. The apoptosis of Ad-SDF-1-MSCs was 42% of that seen in Ad-EGFP-MSCs and 53% of untreated MSCs. In the infarcted hearts, the number of DAPI-labeling cells in the Ad-SDF-1-MSC group was 5-fold that in the Ad-EGFP-MSC group. Importantly, expression of antifibrotic factor, HGF, was detected in cultured MSCs, and HGF expression lev-els were higher in Ad-SDF-MSC-treated hearts, compared with Ad-EGFP-MSC or control hearts. Compared with the control group, Ad-SDF-MSC transplantation significantly decreased the expression of collagens I and III and matrix metalloproteinase 2 and 9, but heart function was im-proved in d-SDF-MSC-treated animals. In conclusion, SDF-1–modified MSCs enhanced the tolerance of engrafted MSCs to hypoxic injury in vitro and improved their viability in infarcted hearts, thus helping preserve the contractile function and attenuate left ventricle (LV) remodeling, and this may be at least partly mediated by enhanced paracrine signaling from MSCs via antifibrotic factors such as HGF.

An eight-degree-of-freedom upper extremity exoskeleton rehabilitation robot: design, optimization, and validation

Yuansheng Ning,Hongbo Wang,Junjie Tian,Hao Yan,Yu Tian,Congliang Yang,Jian Wei,Jianye Niu 대한기계학회 2022 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.36 No.11

Upper extremity exoskeleton rehabilitation robots can be used for the training of patients with upper extremity motor dysfunction. In most cases, the design of such robots focuses on the configuration and the human-machine compatibility. For patients, the use of an exoskeleton rehabilitation robot mainly aims to improve their movement ability, which depends on the range of movement of the upper extremity joints. This paper proposes an eight-degreeof-freedom (DOF) upper extremity exoskeleton rehabilitation robot to improve the movement range of the patient’s upper extremity joints. The structural parameters of the shoulder joint are optimized and analyzed by the kinematic equations of the mechanism and the cyclic iteration algorithm such that the movement range of the patient joint can be maximized. The movement space of the robot is then simulated. Finally, the movement range of the rehabilitation robot joints and the movement space of the rehabilitation robot were measured. Experimental results show that the upper extremity exoskeleton rehabilitation robot can meet the patient’s shoulder, elbow, and wrist movement range, and the overlap with the human upper extremity movement space is 97.1 % and 95.7 % in the coronal and sagittal planes, respectively.

A Risk Prediction Method for Water or Mud Inrush from Water-bearing Faults in Subsea Tunnel based on Cusp Catastrophe Model

Yiguo Xue,Dan Wang,Shucai Li,Daohong Qiu,Zhiqiang Li,Jianye Zhu 대한토목학회 2017 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.21 No.7

Constructing a subsea tunnel is exceptionally difficult because of the complex geological conditions involved in the process. Water or mud inrush is a geological hazard that occurs suddenly during the construction of a cross-harbor tunnel, thereby causing major disasters and economic losses. The weak structural planes in a fault zone are the naturally preferred planes for water inrush. It is necessary to analyze the mechanism and to develop a risk prediction method for water or mud inrush from such faults. In order to effectively predict the risk of water or mud inrush during the construction of a subsea tunnel, this paper analyzes the mechanism of water or mud inrush from extensional faults, shear faults and compressive faults based on cusp catastrophe model. The potential function for the risk of water or mud inrush is built, and then the index of water inrush (IP) is obtained based on the equations of equilibrium for the fault surface. Water or mud inrush occurs only when . The proposed method of risk prediction is successfully used in Qingdao Kiaochow Bay subsea tunnel to prove its applicability and feasibility.