한의진단명과 진단요건의 표준화 연구 II (표준화 실례) : 2차년도 연구결과 중간 보고

양기상,최선미,최승훈,안규석,박경모,박종현,김성우,신승호,정우열,전병훈,고현,김정범,신상우,김성훈,김동희,권영규,엄현섭,장혜옥 한국한의학연구원 1996 한국한의학연구원논문집 Vol.2 No.1

The diagnostic requirements were suggested and explained regarding the systems of differentiation of symptoms and signs in the second year study of standardization and unification of the terms and conditions used for diagnosis in oriental medicine. The systems were as follows; - differential diagnosis according to condition of body fluid, differentiation of syndromes according to the state of qi and blood, differential diagnosis according to relative excessiveness or deficiency of yin and yang(氣血陰陽津液辨證) - differentiation of diseases according to pathological changes of the viscera and their interrelation - analyzing and differentiating of febrile diseases in accordance with the theory of the six channels(傷寒辨證) The individual diagnosis pattern was arranged by the diagnostic requirements in the following order : another name(異名), notion of diagnosis pattern, index of differentiation of symptoms and signs(辨證指標), the main point of diagnosis, analysis of diagnosis pattern(證候分析), discrimination of diagnosis pattern(證候鑑別), a way of curing a diseases(治法), prescription(處方), herb in common use(常用藥物), diseases appearing the diagnosis pattern(常見疾病), documents(文獻調査). This study was carried out on the basis of the Chinese documents and references.

糞尿의 好氣性消化에 關한 實驗的 硏究(2)

최정우,엄원택 嶺南大學校 工業技術硏究所 1983 연구보고 Vol.11 No.1

This study is aimed at experimentally determine the process through which the digestion tank reaches normal state and its efficiency thereafter at variable detention and lapse times in treating night soil by the aerobic digestion method. Experiments are run indoor. Samples are loaded in batches and digested for 5,10,15,20 and 25 days in the tank which is continuously aerated at constant temperature, air flow and return sludge rate. The following results are noted: 1. Digestion tank reaches normal state after 9, 8.6, 5.5, 2.4 and 1.9 cycles of operation for the detention time of 5,10,15,20 and 25 days, respectively, the longer the detention time the smaller the number of cycles. 2. Protozoa which primarily occur in the aerobic digestion process somewhat differ from those observed in the activated sludge process, Oikomonas being the prevalent species in the former. 3. Waste sludge stands at 6,5 and 7% when the sample is digested for 15,20 and 25 days, respectively, which indicates reduced cost of sludge treatment. 4. Treatment efficiency of better than 99% is attained in the removal of BOD regardless of the length of digestion time when BOD is loaded at the rate of 1.7Kg/m³.day and 0.7kg/SSkgㆍday 5. Treatment efficiency of better than 95% is attained in the removal of COD(cr) regardless of the length of digestion time when COD(cr) is loaded at the rate 4.0kg/m³.day and 0.4kg/SSkgㆍday 6. Over 94% of NH₄-N is removed by the aerobic digestion process when the sample is digested for 10 to 25 days, and as much of PO₄-³ removed when digested for 10 and 15 days. 7. The optimum digestion time is 15 days, which may be reduced to 10 days.

降雨時 釜山市內 河川으로 流入되는 非點源 汚染物質에 關하여

崔禹政,朴淸吉 釜山水産大學校 1988 釜山水産大學 硏究報告 Vol.28 No.2

부산지역에 있어서 강우시 하천으로 유입되는 비점원오염물질에 의한 수질오염의 실태를 파악하고 그 영향의 정도를 알아보기 위해 동천 A지점, 동천 B지점 그리고 대연천 C지점을 선정하여 1985년 5월부터 동년 8월까지 갈수시와 강우시 조사분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 전 조사지점을 통하여 BOD, 부유물질, 총무기질소 및 인산 인의 평균농도는 갈수시에 비해 강우시가 1.1∼7.8배 높게 나타났으며 오염물질의 최고농도는 초기우수에 의한 유출수중에 나타났다. 2. 4㎜/day 정도의 소량의 강우에 의해서도 초기우수에 의한 유출수 중 BOD 및 총부유물질의 최고농도는 각각 261.6㎎/ℓ, 764,3㎎/ℓ로 오염물질의 유출은 뚜렷했다. 3. BOD와 총부유물질의 침전특성은 20분내에 최초농도의 63%, 80%가 제거되는 빠른 침전특성을 보였다. 4. 강우시 BOD, 총부유물질, 총무기질소 및 인산 인의 년간 면적당 부하량은 각각 60.0ton/㎢/year로 235.0ton/㎢/year, 7.0ton/㎢/year 0.9ton/㎢/year 갈수시 BOD의 1/4, 총부유물질의 1/1.5, 총무기질소 및 인산 인의 1/5가 강우시에 유출되는 것으로 나타났다. 5. 이상의 결과에서와 같이 강우시 도시하천으로 유입되는 비점원 오염물질은 농도나 부하량의 면에서 무시할 수 없는 것이었다. 따라서 강우시 유출되는 오염부하를 감소시키기 위해 빠른 침전특성을 이용 오염이 가장 심각한 초기우수에 의한 유출수 만이라도 침전지나 저류지를 이용해서 처리하는 것이 하천이나 만의 수질보전을 위해 바람직 하다고 생각한다. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of nonpoint pollutant sources on water quality of streams of Dong-Cheon and Daeyeon-Cheon in Pusan city from June, 1985 to August, 1985. The result of this study could be summarized as follows. Average concentration of BOD, Suspened solid, total inorganic nitrogen and phosphate phosphorus during the wet weather were about 1.1∼7.8 times higher than those of the dry weather and the highest concentration of these pollutants were found of first flush of rainfall. The settling velocity of urban runoff solids was so fast as 63 to 80% of initial concentration being removed within 20 minutes. The mass loading of BOD, total suspended solid, total inorganic nitrogen and phosphate phosphorus were estimated to be 60.0 ton/㎢/year, 235.0 ton/㎢/year, 7.2 ton/㎢/year and 0.9 ton/㎢/year, respectively, during the wet weather. From these results, the large amount of pollutants from nonpoint sources during the wet weather was discharged into rivers or bay, and affected badly to the water quality. Thus, it is necessary to consider the loading of nonpoint sources of pollutants for planning sewage treatment plant.

완선에 대한 항진균제(clotrimazole) 단독 및 스테로이드가 첨가된 복합체(Triamcinolone acetonide and Hydrocortisone)의 치료효과에 관한 비교 연구

이증훈,서우영,김기홍,최종수 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1986 충남의대잡지 Vol.13 No.2

Although the combination products of antifungal agents and corticosteroids are often used in the treatment of superficial fungal infections, their usefulness is not settled. The combined corticosteroids may promote the spread of fungi. On the other hand, they can bring rapid relief from signs and symptoms and increase the local concentrations of the antifungal agents in the skin due to the vasoconstrictive effect. This study was performed to compare an antifungal agent with its combination products with corticosteroids in the treatment of tinea cruris. Seventy-four patients with tinea cruris, aged 18-26 years, were admitted to the study. All ere soldiers living in the same conditions. Sixty patients completed 2 weeks of therapy : clotrimazole, 19 ; combination with trimacinolone acetonide, 28; combination with hydrocortisone, 13. All treatments almost completely improved the lesions at the end of 2-week period. No specific treatment was significantly better. After 4 weeks the relapse rate was highest in the group treated with clotrimazole combined with triamcinolone acetonide (75%), compared with clotrimazone alone (47%) or its combination with hydrocortisone (50%), but not significant statistically (p<0.05).

내시경적 점막절제술로 치험한 식도 과립상 세포종 1례

강혁주,김성욱,최석진,이중현,장재식,서영범,윤병구,박건욱,김성자,김용섭,강승완,이구,양창헌,이창우,김욱년,이광헌,서정일 동국대학교 의학연구소 2000 東國醫學 Vol.7 No.-

과립상 세포종은 Schwann 세포 기원으로 생각되며 인체에 비교적 드물게 발생한다. 과립상 세포종은 전신 어느 곳에서나 발견될 수 있으나 주로 혀, 구강, 피부 혹은 유방 등에서 호발하며 드물게 위장관에서 발견된다. 위장관에서는 식도에서 가장 호발하며 다음으로 위, 대장 순이다. 과립상 세포종은 대부분, 특히 위장관에서는 양성이며 소수의 악성 병변이 보고되었다. 이러한 이유와 함께 수술 전의 진단이 어렵기 때문에 과립상 세포종에 대한 근본적인 치료는 현재까지 외과적 절제술이다. 최근에 시도되는 치료방법들로는 내시경적 레이저 치료, 용종절제술, 내시경적 점막 절제술 등이 있다. 저자들은 상부 소화관 내시경검사를 시행하여 식도 과립상 세포종을 진단하고 내시경적 점막 절제술을 시행하여 합병증 없이 퇴원하여 현재 재발없이 경과 관찰중인 1례를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Granular cell tumors, which occur infrequently, are probably of Schwann cell origin. They can occur almost anywhere in the body but usually affect the tongue, oral cavity, skin, or breasts and are rarely found in the gastrointestinal tracts. The esophagus is the most frequent gastrointestinal site, followed by the stomach and the colon. Granular cell tumors are generally benign, especially in the gastrointestinal tract, some malignant lesions have been reported. For this reason, and also because preoperative diagnosis is difficult, the standard treatment for granular cell tumor has until now been surgical excision. In recent years, other therapeutic methods is endoscopic laser therapy (ELT), polypectiomy, endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR). We report a case of esophageal granular cell tumor which was diagnosed by an endoscopy and managed using an endoscopic mucosal resection without complication.

수술전 약물투여가 코 수술후 통증에 미치는 효과

서경식,이정권,김재원,이윤우,이주형,최재영 대한이비인후과학회 1997 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.40 No.10

Interleukin-1β에 의한 사람 정상 코점막 상피세포의 분비기능 및 형태 변화

김경수,윤주헌,최진우,이정권,문형진,박준호,전희선 대한이비인후과학회 1999 대한이비인후과학회지 두경부외과학 Vol.42 No.11

저혈당을 동반한 자가면역 인슐린 증후군 2예

박시형,이신원,정귀화,최창훈,이순희,한정훈,김정국,하승우,김보완 대한내분비학회 2001 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.16 No.4-5

Co-diffusion of boron and phosphorus for ultra-thin crystalline silicon solar cells

Choi, Jihye,Lee, Hyeonseung,Jung, Beomsic,Woo, Jeong-Hyun,Kim, Ju-Young,Lee, Kyu-Sung,Jeong, Jeung-hyun,Choi, Jea-Young,Kim, Won Mok,Lee, Wook Seong,Jeong, Doo Seok,Lee, Taek-Sung,Choi, Doo Jin,Kim, I IOP 2018 Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics Vol.51 No.27

<P>This paper reports the fabrication of crystalline silicon passivated emitter rear totally diffused (c-Si PERT) solar cells with ultra-thin p-type wafers 50 <I>µ</I>m in thickness. Co-diffusion of boron and phosphorus in a single rapid thermal processing cycle, and an Al spin-on glass post-curing process were developed to remove the boron rich layer which is detrimental to c-Si solar cells. Co-diffusion was carried out with spin-on diffusion sources using boric acid and a P spin on dopant for simple and cost-effective emitter and back surface field (BSF) formation processes. The fabricated ultra-thin c-Si PERT cell featured an open circuit voltage (V<SUB>oc</SUB>) of 0.575 V, a short circuit current density (J<SUB>sc</SUB>) of 35.8 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, a fill factor of 0.725, and a power conversion efficiency of 15.0%. The efficiency has improved by 2% compared with the standard structure cell with Al-BSF using thin evaporated Al 2 <I>µ</I>m in thickness. Along with cell output parameters, the flexural strength and critical bending radius were measured by a four point bending test, and the results showed that the solar cells with thinner rear Al electrodes are more applicable for a flexible solar cell device.</P>

생활하,폐수의 합병처리를 위한 혼합폐수처리시스템의 구성 및 혼합 수질예측

최정우 ( Jeung Woo Choi ),현길수 ( Kil Soo Hyun ),송인수 ( In Soo Song ) 한국수처리학회 2003 한국수처리학회지 Vol.11 No.1

Using anaerobic-oxidation biofilm process(AOBP), rotating biological contactor(RBC), biological aerobic filtration (BAF), activated sludge(AS), and coagulation-sedimentation (C-S) processes as a pretreatment processes of the mixtured wastewater, this research were performed to investigate on the characteristics of the pretreatment processes and to predict the wastewater qualities mixed domestic wastewater with the mixtured wastewater of night soil and leachate, considered the reduction of organic loadings. Hydraulic retention time (HRT) of the pretreatment processes were in the range of 9 -10 hours for the AOBP, 10-12 hours for the RBC, 7-8 hours for the BAF, and 7-8 hours for the AS. The C-S experiment was carried out by Jar tester. As a results, the biofilm treatment processes(BTP) such as AOBP. RBC and BAF showed more effective 71-76% for COD, 42-64% for T-N, and 58-70% for T-P than AS and C-S, respectively. For the removal of heavy metal of Cr^(+6), the BTP as well as the C-S was extremely more effective about 50% than the AS. It indicated that the BTP was more stable and effective process as a pretreatment processes of the mixtured wastewater, compared to the AS and the C-S processes. Applied organic reduction rates of 30% and 60% by the RTP for the prediction of mixtured wastewater, the reduction efficiencies of it were 32% and 39% for COD, 10% and 15% for T-N, and 16% and 20% for T-P, respectively. Despite of the increase of two times in reducing organic loadings, the reduction efficiencies of 4∼7% resulted in an ineffective operation of the BTP.