임상실습 교육개선을 위한 간호학생의 간호활동시간 분석

이애경,김정애,주미경,정안순,장은정,김정수,강정희,이정애 경복대학 2001 京福論叢 Vol.5 No.-

신규간호사의 능력은 간호학생 때의 다양한 임상경험에 기초를 둔다. 따라서, 간호대학의 교수, 병원 지도자, 임상지도자는 간호학생들이 다양한 지식을 획득하고 간호기술을 경험할 수 있도록 도와주는 중요한 역할을 한다. 이 연구의 목적은 이러한 간호학생들의 임상실습에서 수행하는 간호활동과 간호활동 시간을 분석하고자 하는데 있다. 연구결과 간호학생 1인당 직접간호활동 시간은 185.5분(직접간호비율은 56.7%)으로 141.65분(간접간호 비율은 43.3%)인 간접간호활동 시간보다 많았다. 직접간호활동 시간 중 활력징후 측정이 51.9분으로 가장 많은 시간을 차지하였고, 간접간호활동 시간 중에는 차트보기가 22.98분으로 가장 많은 시간을 차지하였다. 전반적으로 기본적인 임상간호 수행기술에 소요되는 시간이 고도의 숙련된 간호기술을 수행하는데 드는 시간보다 많은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구결과를 토대로 간호대학의 지도자와 병원의 지도자 및 임상지도자가 함께 임상실습 교육과정의 지침서와 평가서를 평가할 필요가 있다고 제언하는 바이다. The competence of newly graduated nurses is based on various clinical experiences gained when they were students. Therefore, professors in nursing schools, directors in hospitals or preceptors must play a critical role in assisting them to obtain various knowledge and experienced nursing skills. The purpose of this study is to investigate nursing care activities and nursing care hours practiced by nursing students in clinical experience. The results of this study showed that the direct nursing care hours per each nursing student are 185.5 mins(direct nursing care rate 56.7%) and it is higher than indirect nursing care hours, 141.65 mins(indirect nursing care rate 43.3%). The hours of checking vital signs are the longest(51.9mins) among the direct nursing care activities, and the hours of reviewing chart are the longest(22.98mins) among the indirect nursing care activities. In general, the time of performing basic clinical nursing technique was higher than that of performing high skilled nursing technique. And nursing observation was higher than that of directly performing task. So, we suggest based on the results of this study as follows. It is needed for nursing instructors in nursing schools and hospitals together to evaluate the guidelines and check-list of clinical practice courses.

한국인 직무 스트레스 측정도구의 개발 및 표준화

장세진,고상백,강동묵,김성아,강명근,이철갑,정진주,조정진,손미아,채창호,김정원,김정일,김형수,노상철,박재범,우종민,김수영,김정연,하미나,박정선,이경용,김형렬,공정옥,김인아,김정수,박준호,현숙정,손동국 大韓産業醫學會 2005 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.17 No.4

Background and Purposes: Over the past three decades, numerous studies performed in Korea have reported that job stress is a determinant risk factor for chronic diseases and work disability. Every society has its own culture and occupational climate particular to their organizations, and hence experiences different occupational stress. An occupational stress measurement tool therefore needs to be developed to estimate it objectively. The purpose of this study is to develop and standardize the Korean Occupational Stress Scale (KOSS) which is considered to be unique and specific occupational stressors in Korean employees. Subjects and Methods: Data were obtained from the National Study for Development and Standardization of Occupational Stress (NSDSOS Project: 2002-2004). A total of 12,631 employees from a nationwide sample proportional to the Korean Standard Industrial Classification and the Korean Standard Occupational Classification were administered. The KOSS was developed for 2 years (2002-2004). In the first year, we collected 255 items from the most popular job stress measurement tools such as JCQ, ERI, NIOSH and OSI, and 44 items derived from the a qualitative study (depth interview). Forty-three items of KOSS, in the second year, were retained for use in the final version of the KOSS by using Delphi and factor analysis. Items were scored using conventional 1-2-3-4 Likert scores for the response categories. Results: We developed eight subscales by using factor analysis and validation process: physical environment (3 items), job demand (8 items), insufficient job control (5 items), interpersonal conflict (4 items), job insecurity (6 items), organizational system (7 items), lack of reward (6 items), and occupational climate (4 items). Together they explained 50.0% of total variance. Internal consistency alpha scores were ranged from 0.51 to 0.82. Twenty-four items of the short form of the KOSS (KOSS-SF) were also developed to estimate job stress in the work setting. Because the levels of the subscales of occupational stress were gender dependent, gender-specific standard norms for both the 43-item full version and the 24-item short form using a quartile for the subscales of KOSS were presented. Conclusion: The results of this study suggest that KOSS might be an appropriate measurement scale to estimate occupational stress of Korean employees. Further and more detailed study needs to be conducted to improve the validity of this scale.

일 전문대학 간호과 학생들이 인지하는 강의평가 기준에 대한 조사연구

김정애,이애경,주미경,정안순,장은정,김정수,강정희,이정애 경복대학 2004 京福論叢 Vol.8 No.-

일개 전문대학 간호과 학생들을 대상으로 강의평가 기준을 파악하고자 하였다. 개방형 질문지를 이용하였으며 7개의 교수관련 강의평가 문항 각각에 대해 좋은 점수 및 나쁜 점수를 부여하는 기준을 조사하였다. 각 문항별로 다양한 기준이 확인되었으며, 간호과 학생들의 강의 만족도를 높일 수 있는 교수설계를 위한 기초 자료로 활용할 수 있을 것이다. We aimed to set standards for the student evaluation of instruction for college students of Nursing. We used an open questionaire and surveyed the standards for how students judge the instruction good of bad by using seven questions related to the instructor. Various standards set from each question could be used as basic materials to meet the students' needs in the classroom when the instructors try to find out new instructional design.

한국 아동 호스피스의 현황과 전망

강경아,김신정 대한간호학회 아동간호학회 2003 Child Health Nursing Research Vol.9 No.2

女性의 基本欲求와 衣裳價値觀間의 相關關係 硏究

姜京子,李貞淑,秋美先 慶尙大學校 1987 論文集 Vol.26 No.2

This was designed in order to find out the correlation between the basic needs and values on teh clothes of women, 358 women living in Taegu city and JinJu city were selected as sample for this study. The major findigs of this research were as followings. 1. Women have stronger needs for physiology, self-actualization belongness and affection self-esteem and safety. They regards economic, sensory values most important. 2. Young women tend to regard aesthetic values such as form,color, harmony important. Older women like to wear comfortable clothes. 3. Women having higher education have lower needs for physiology and safety, and they have strong need for self-actualization, And they tend to regard aesthetic values important, but they have lower religious values on the clothes. 4. There is difference of need and clothing values of women depending on the monthly income of the family. 5. Unemployed women have stronger need for self-actualization than the employed women. Ⅱ.Correlation between basic needs and values on clothes was investigated. 1. Married women who regard aethetic values important have stronger need for self-actualization. Single women who regard economic values important have lower needs for safety and self-actualization but married women have lower needs for belongingness and self-esteem. 2. There is a little difference of correltion between values and needs depending on the age and education of respondents. 3. There is a difference of correlation between values and needs depending on the monthly incomes of respondents.

Acriflavine-Guanosine 복합제 (AG60)의 조직내 분포에 대한 형광현미경적 연구

고정식,임수재,안의태,김진국,김상건,이경영,강종구,홍은경,정영신,유보림,한영복 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.1

특수교육 보조원제 운영 방안 연구

강경숙,강영택,김성애,정동일 국립특수교육원 2002 연구보고서 Vol.- No.1

최근 중도장애학생들의 취학이 늘어나고 통합교육이 강조됨에 따라 특수교육 현장에서 장애학생을 지원하는 보조인력에 대한 필요성이 절실해 지고 있다 우리나라의 경우 교사 1인당 담당학생수가 과다하여 특수학교는 물론 일반학교의 특수학급과 통합학급 모두 장애학생의 특별한 요구를 적절히 지원할 수 없는 실정이다. 이에 본 연구는 특수교육 상황에서 보조원 운영의 현황을 파악하고 그 요구를 분석하여 특수교육 보조원리 자원 및 역할, 선발 및 교육과 배치, 복무 및 관리를 중심으로 한 특수교육 보조원 운영방안을 우리나라 실정에 맞게 제시하는 데 그 목적이 있다. 이러한 목적을 달성하기 위해 본 연구는 문헌연구를 통해 국내외 자료를 분석하여 우리나라와 외국의 사례 및 관련 정책을 소개하고, 설문조사와 면담조사를 통해 특수교육 현장에서의 특수교육 보조원 운영실태 및 그에 대한 요구를 분석하였다. 이외에 좌담회, 특수학교(급)교사 분임 토의, 전문가토론회 등 협의회를 개최하여 특수교육 보조원제 운영에 대한 관련인의 의견을 적극 수렴하고자 노력하였다. 국외의 특수교육 담당교사 보조인력 활용실태에 대해서는 미국, 독일, 호주를 중심으로 조사하였고 일본과 캐나다의 내용을 부가하여 법적 토대(관련법률), 자원 및 역할, 훈련 및 배치, 활용 및 관리방법을 고찰하여 우리 실정에 적합한 특수교육 보조원제 시행을 위한 시사점을 도출하였다. 그 내용으로서는 외국의 경우, 대부분 법적·제도적인 장치가 마련되어 예산을 투자함으로써 특수교육 현장에 유급으로 특수교육 보조원을 지원하고 있다. 그 활용형태에 있어서는 장애학생의 일대일 도움 뿐 아니라 통합교육을 위한 지원과 중증 장애학생의 독특한 특수교육적 서비스 제공을 위한 다양한 지원형태가 이루어지고 있었다. 국내의 특수교육 보조원 운영에 대한 실태 조사 결과로서 대부분의 특수학교, 특수학급,통합학급에서는 교사 외 보조인력의 중요성을 인식하고 대학생 자원봉사자, 학부모 등을 중심으로 활용하고 있으나 자원봉사자 확보의 어려움, 자원봉사자의 일회성 봉사 등으로 지속적인 활용의 어려움을 호소하고 있었다. 일부 학교나 교육청에서는 자원봉사자 외 공익근무요원, 공공근로자, 사회봉사명령자 등을 활용하여 통합교육과 특수교육의 질적 저하를 방지하기 위해 특수교육 현장에 보조인력을 투입하고 있었다. 특수교육 보조원제 운영방향으로는 첫째, 모든 가용인력 자원을 활용함을 원칙으로 하되 급료 지급여부에 따라 무급과 유급 보조원으로 구분하고 둘째, 급료지급 여부에 따라 특수교육 보조원의 자격과 역할, 훈련 및 배치, 그리고 복무관리 방안을 달리 하며 셋째, 특수교육보조원제 운영에 대한 제반 행·재정적 지원은 국가 및 지방자치단체에서 담당하는 것을 원칙으로 한다. 또한 본 연구를 통해 제안된 보조원 운영방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 특수교육 보조원의 자원 및 역할에 대해 자원봉사자와 같은 무급 보조원인 경우 자격에 제한을 두지 않는 것을 원칙으로 하나, 유급 보조원인 경우 육체적, 정신적 또는 심리적으로 그 역할을 수행할 능력이 있다고 판단된 자로서 남녀 구분 없이 고졸 이상으로 하는 등 자격에 제한을 둔다. 특수교육 보조원의 역할은 정규교사의 고유업무를 침해하지 않는 범위 내에서 정규교사의 교육활동을 보조하는 것을 원칙으로 하며 그 내용은 개인적 욕구지원, 교수-학습활동 지원, 문제행동 개선을 위한 지원으로 한다. 둘째, 특수교육 보조원의 선발 및 교육과 배치에 대해 특수교육 보조원의 선발은 시·도교육청 및 시·군·구교육청의 특수교육지원센터가 담당한다. 특수교육 보조원을 위한 교육 및 훈련은 무급 보조원은 해당 학교에서 필요에 따라 훈련 내용과 기간을 정하여 직접 실시하고, 유급 보조원은 시·도 교육청 및 시·군·구교육청에서 교육을 담당한다. 그리고 특수교육보조원의 배치는 시·도 교육청에서 배치함을 원칙으로 한다. 셋째, 특수교육 보조원의 활용과 관리에 대한 방안으로 특수교육 보조원의 복무관리는 해당 학교에서 함을 원칙으로 하나 시·도 교육청에서 복무지침을 마련한다. 한편, 보조원제시행을 위한 행·재정적 지원 방안은 사회봉사명령자, 공익근무요원, 공공근로자, 그리고 유급 고용인력으로 나누어 지원함을 원칙으로 한다. 본 연구의 결론 및 시사점으로는 특수교육 보조원제 운영이 특수교육이 당면한 현안과제,즉 학급당 인원수 감축, 특수교육 전공교사 배치 등과 상반되는 문제가 아니기 때문에 균형을 이루어 추진되어야 한다는 점이다. 또한 국가에서 특수교육 보조원제를 도입하기 위한 예산 확보에 전력을 기울여야 하나 전적인 예산확보가 어려운 경우, 지방자치단체와의 협조와 타 기관과의 공조체제 마련에 대한 방안을 강구해야 한다는 것이다. 즉 자원봉사자, 사회봉사명령자, 공익근무요원, 공공근로자 등의 단순한 배치만이 아니라 그들에게 적절한 기본교육을 실시하여 장애학생을 실제로 지원하고 도움을 주며, 장애인과 더불어 체험하는 일반인으로서의 경험을 확대하여 장애인의 통합을 이루기 위해 국가 전체적인 인적자원 효용성에 대한 논의를 활발히 전개해야 할 것이다. Recently the need for teacher-aide in special education has gradually increased as the inclusive education and the school attendance of students with severe disabilities are paid great attention. In our country, the number of students with disabilities(case-load)for a teacher in special education field is too large, so the special need of the students cannot be appropriately supported in special schools or in the special and inclusive classes in regular schools. The purpose of this study was to propose a management of teacher-aide system in special education which is proper to the actual conditions of our country, focusing on the qualifications and roles of teacher-aide, training and arrangement, and duty and administration. For this, I analyzed the present condition and the need for the teacher-aide in the special education field of our country. In order to achieve this purpose, I investigated the current trends, the cases and the policy of teacher-aide through literature reviews in foreign countries and surveys of the demands on the assistants for special education using questionnaires and interviews. In addition, the opinions of related persons of special education are collected at the symposium, at the conference, or at the discussion where special education teachers, general teachers, administrators, professors, parents of students with disabilities, teacher-aide and so on attended. As for the use of assistants in foreign countries such as America, Germany, Australia, Japan and Canada, they have already settled down the devices of law and the teacher-aide systems, and now they support the special education by investing the budgets. There are various supporting forms of assistance not only for the students with disabilities in the inclusive education, but for the students with severe disabilities who need unique services including one-on-one assistance. From this, the implications have been drawn for an introduction and a management of teacher-aide system in our country. The results of collecting data on application of teacher-aide in domestic special education are as follows: It is recognized the importance of the assistant for the students with disabilities, thus the university student volunteers and parents of the students with disabilities were used as assistants in most special education institutes, but it's not easy to use them consistently because of the difficulties in ensuring or maintaining volunteers and of their tentative service. Some special schools and Metropolitan and Provincial Offices of Education utilize the various assistant manpower such as public service agent, public sector laborers, and the persons with ordered social service in addition to the volunteers, to prevent the inclusive education and special education from quality deterioration. The direction of management of the teacher-aide system makes it a rule ( i ) to classify into paid and non-paid teacher-aide according to whether or not paying the salary (ii) to differ qualifications and duties, training and arrangement, service management plan on teacher-aide (iii) to be charged with the administrative and financial support by the central and the local government. The management plan of teacher-aide system in special education proposed in this study are as follows: First, the qualifications of non-paid teacher-aide such as volunteers are not limited, but the paid teacher-aide has to get a qualification of graduation of a high school, and they should be physically, mentally and psychologically healthy to perform the role. The role of teacher-aide is to support the educational activities of teachers within a range of not interfering with teachers' work, and the content is to help the personal need, to support the teaching and learning activities, and to improve inappropriate behaviors. Second, the special education support centers in local governments take charge of selecting teacher-aide. For the education and training of the non-paid teacher-aide, the school personnels are in charge of training contents and duration as they need. And as for the paid teacher-aide, the offices of education in local governments take charge of training them. Third, for the use and administration of teacher-aide, the schools supervise the teacher-aide and the offices of education prepare the service regulations. The administrative and financial support is differentiated depending on the kinds of assistants such as the persons with ordered social service, public service agent, public sector laborers, and paid teacher-aide. The implication of this study is to keep the balance the teacher-aide system and the pending issues such as reducing the number of students per class or arranging the teachers having degrees in special education. And the national efforts have to be devoted to get budget for this matter, teacher-aide. If all kinds of human resources helped and supported the students with disabilities through experiencing voluntary works and understanding special needs of students with various kinds of disabilities, they could be the most efficient supporters for special education. So there has to be the national enhancement of utilization of all kinds of persons for the inclusion of people with disabilities in the community.

헤어스타일·길이와 모자유형이 인상형성에 미치는 영향

정해선,강경자 한국의류학회 2004 한국의류학회지 Vol.28 No.3,4

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of hair-style (straight and wave), hair-length(short, medium, and long), and type of hat design (no-hat, beret, cloche, bowler, and capeline) on impression formation. The experimental materials developed for this study were a set of stimulus and response scales. The 7-point semantic differential response scales were designed. Thirty stimuli color pictures of various combination of hair length, hair style, and type of hat design were manipulated by computer drawing. The subjects were 360 undergraduates living in Seoul, Kyunggi and Kyungnam. The experimental design was composed of 3factorial designs. The result of the study can be summarized as follows; Impression factor of the stimulus consisted of the 5 different dimensions (attractiveness, gracefulness, activity, concentration of attention, cuteness). Hair style greatly affected gracefulness. On the other hand, hair length made remarkable effects on attractiveness, concentration of attention, and cuteness. In addition, it has been found that the type of hat design significantly influenced on all the factors except attractiveness as independent variables. In regarding the effect of interaction between each variable, the combination of hair style and hair length had significant effects on gracefulness. In the impression formation of cuteness, the combination of hair length and type of hat design were more significant.

항암제 AG60이 흰생쥐 위점막 상피세포의 DNA합성에 미치는 영향 : 자기방사법적연구

박경호,안의태,고정식,하상선,한영복,정영신,홍은경,유보림,김상건,이경영,강종구 대한해부학회 1999 Anatomy & Cell Biology Vol.32 No.1

남자대학생의 흡연태도와 행동에 관한 연구

강경진,김정미,민혜영,안소진,오경숙,은경희,이현,이희선,홍주미,김수지 이화여자대학교 간호과학대학 2003 이화간호학회지 Vol.- No.37

There have been so many researches about problems of cigarettes and relation of smoking and heath since 1950's and generally known that smoking is one of the worst factor of increasing disease and mortality. No matter what such many proofs about various problems of smoking have been researched, smoking rate of current male collage students has not been decreased. Besides, most of the researches about cigarette use and its addiction have been focused on the adolescent or adult women smokers or adult male, not male collage student. Therefore, the subject of this study is about smoking attitude and smoking behavior of male collage students by general features. Smoking attitude was analyzed by modifying 'Guidelines for the content of tobacco smoking surveys of the general population'(WHO, 1982). Two hundred of male collage students participated to the distributed questionnaire for one week in May. The smoking attitude was categorized into duration of smoking and number of cigarette per day(CPD), and nicotine dependency, investigated by Fagerstrom Tolerance Questionnaire(FTQ) (Fagerstorm & Schneider, 1989). All statistics were performed by procedure of SAS according to number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, and ANOVA. The results are as follows: 1. Smoking attitude level was mean 25.73±5.15 marks, ranging from 13 to 39 marks of the total 40 marks. 2. Duration of cigarettes, number of cigarette per day, and nicotine dependency were mean 5.14±2.84 years, 12.88±6.85 pieces, and 4.78±1.69, respectively. 3. Smoking attitude showed significance according to general features such as marital state and allowance, but the significance according to marital state is not valuable because the numerical difference is so big between married one and single that they cannot be compared with each other. 4. Duration of smoking was significant according to general features such as age and allowance. 5. Smoking amount showed significance the factors of age only. 6. ll1ere was no significance in nicotine dependency according to general features. As a result, smoking attitude of male collage student in this study shows moderate level. Smoking attitude and duration is significant according to allowance, and smoking amount is significant according to age. Nicotine dependency according to general features is not significant but comparing with the preceding study about adult male, male collage students in this study are respectively more nicotine-dependent than adult male smokers. In conclusion, the right allowance usage strategies and effective heath education focused on the young are needed. In addition, helpful programs and information spreading strategies are necessary for establishing higher level of smoking attitude. At last, systemic regulations in daily living for ""anti-nico-dependent"" and perspective reforming of male university student are needed for reducing nicotine dependency.