http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Information Processing in Primate Retinal Ganglion
Je, Sung-Kwan,Cho, Jae-Hyun,Kim, Gwang-Baek The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2004 Journal of information and communication convergen Vol.2 No.2
Most of the current computer vision theories are based on hypotheses that are difficult to apply to the real world, and they simply imitate a coarse form of the human visual system. As a result, they have not been showing satisfying results. In the human visual system, there is a mechanism that processes information due to memory degradation with time and limited storage space. Starting from research on the human visual system, this study analyzes a mechanism that processes input information when information is transferred from the retina to ganglion cells. In this study, a model for the characteristics of ganglion cells in the retina is proposed after considering the structure of the retina and the efficiency of storage space. The MNIST database of handwritten letters is used as data for this research, and ART2 and SOM as recognizers. The results of this study show that the proposed recognition model is not much different from the general recognition model in terms of recognition rate, but the efficiency of storage space can be improved by constructing a mechanism that processes input information.
Differences in the survival rates of older patients with colorectal cancers in 2003 and 2009
Je-Wook Shin,Byung Kwan Park,Min Jung Kim,Bun Kim,Byung Chang Kim,Sung Chan Park,Kyung Su Han,Dae Kyung Sohn,Jae Hwan Oh 대한외과학회 2017 Annals of Surgical Treatment and Research(ASRT) Vol.92 No.4
Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate survival in patients aged ≥70 years who underwent colorectal cancer surgery in 2003 and 2009. In addition, we aimed to identify the factors that could affect survival in these patients. Methods: In a cross-sectional study, a retrospective review of the data for 878 patients ho underwent colorectal cancer surgery with curative intent in the years 2003 and 2009 was performed. The primary outcome was the 5-year overall survival rate (5-OSR), and he clinicopathologic factors that could affect overall survival were analyzed. Results: The 5-OSR was 77.8% and 84.9% in 2003 and 2009, respectively (P = 0.013). Age, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status classification, stage, type of surgery, and length of hospital stay possibly affected survival per the univariate and multivariate analyses. In patients aged ≥70 years, the 5-OSR in 2009 was 75.9%, which showed improvement compared to 53.7% in 2003 (P = 0.027). The stage, type of surgery, and hospital stay were the variables that possibly affected survival in patients aged ≥70 years per the univariate analysis, whereas the stage (III; hazard ratio [HR], 2.188; P = 0.005) and length of hospital stay (>12 days; HR, 2.307; P = 0.004), were the variables that showed statistical significance on the multivariate analysis. Conclusion: We found that early stage and shortening the length of hospital stay could affect survival in older patients with colorectal cancers. Because of limited evidence on the influence of shortening the length of hospital stay on survival in older patients, further investigations are warranted.
Clinical outcome of proton therapy for patients with chordomas
Sang Hee Youn,Kwan Ho Cho,Joo-Young Kim,Boram Ha,Young Kyung Lim,Jong Hwi Jeong,Sang Hyun Lee,Heon Yoo,Ho-Shin Gwak,Sang Hoon Shin,Eun Kyung Hong,Han Kyu Kim,Je Beom Hong 대한방사선종양학회 2018 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.36 No.3
Purpose: To investigate the clinical outcome of proton therapy (PT) in patients with chordoma. Materials and Methods: Fifty-eight patients with chordoma treated with PT between June 2007 and December 2015 at the National Cancer Center, Korea, were retrospectively analyzed. The median total dose was 69.6 cobalt gray equivalent (CGE; range, 64.8 to 79.2 CGE). Local progression-free survival (LPFS), distant metastasis-free survival (DMFS), overall survival (OS), and diseasespecific survival (DSS) rates were calculated by the Kaplan - Meier method. Results: With the median follow-up of 42.8 months (range, 4 to 174 months), the 5-year LPFS, DMFS, OS, and DSS rates were 87.9%, 86.7%, 88.3%, and 92.9%, respectively. The tumor location was associated with the patterns of failure: the LPFS rates were lower for cervical tumors (57.1%) than for non-cervical tumors (93.1%) (p = 0.02), and the DMFS rates were lower for sacral tumors (53.5%) than for non-sacral tumors (100%) (p = 0.001). The total dose was associated with both the LPFS rate and DMFS rate. The initial tumor size was associated with the DMFS rate, but was not associated with the LPFS rate. Three patients had grade 3 late toxicity with none ≥grade 4. Conclusion: PT is an effective and safe treatment in patients with chordomas. The tumor location was associated with the patterns of failure: local failure was common in cervical tumors, and distant failure was common in sacral tumors. Further refinement of PT, such as the utilization of intensity modulated PT for cervical tumors, is warranted to improve the outcome.
Application of Perfluoropolymethylisopropyl Ether to Long Wearing Lipstick
( Sang-je Kim ),( Dong-uk Shin ),( Phan-gu Cho ),( Jae-gak Han ),( Jae-hyung Lim ),( Baek-sun Ahn ),( Chul-hee Jung ),( Gue-sam Lee ),( Won-sun Oh ),( Hyun-kwan Jung ),( Iio-yeun Kim ) 대한화장품학회 1997 대한화장품학회지 Vol.23 No.3
lt has been used chat fluorinated compounds could be applied to Make-up products. lt is that fluorinated compounds are hydropliobiciry, lipopliobiciry and lioinophobicitv. These fluorinated compounds are reported ro form a highly prorecrive and effective film againsr most aggressive chemical and physical agents. In this study we made a success to formulate the new type of lipstick using perfluoropolymerhylisopropylether (PPIH, MW- 650. commercial name - Fomblin HC/01 by Ausimont Co.) with low-molecular weight which is long wearing and comfortable (excellent) to use. This PPIE was adsorbed more than 90% in this experinient and formed the well-balanced gei nerworks even if the selected PP1E is 100% volutile ar room remperarure. On the basis of the adsorprion of FPIE, we developed rlie new type lipstick, whicli was highly-lip feeling and had long wearing and non coloration. And these cliaracreristics were verified by acrual consumer test.