RAPD법을 이용한 양파품종(Allium cepa L.)간의 유전변이와 유연관계분석

양보경,김도훈,이영병,남재성,정순재 동아대학교 농업생명과학연구소 2001 農業生命資援硏究 Vol.10 No.1

This study was carried out to investigate genetic variation and relationships among onion varieties, Allium cepa L., by RAPD-PCR analysis. In the test of 120 primers with 58 onion varieties collected from local and abroad, eight primers turned out to be useful for further analysis. These primers eventually provided a total of 71 bands, consisting of 68 polymorphic and three monomorphic ones. The polymorphic bands were subjected to phylogenetic analysis using NTSYS and PAUP computer programs. In the NTSYS analysis, similarity coefficient of the 58 onion varieties ranged from 0 to 0.9179 and that of 27 varieties with obvious origin ranged from 0.0306 to 0.9032, The dendrogram of 58 varieties obtained by NTSYS analysis resulted in 15 groups, but overall groupings were not consistent with bulb phenotypes (e.g., color, weight, and shape) or origin of the varieties either In the PAUP analysis, genetic divergence of the 58 onion varieties ranged from 0.042 to 0.532 and that of 27 varieties with obvious origin ranged from 0.042 to 0.394. Phylogenetic analysis using PAUP revealed 13 group with 58 varieties and nine group with 27 varieties, but these were not consistent with any bulb phenotypes or origin either, as seen in the NTSYS analysis.

GIS에 의한 구조물의 최적 위치 결정 기법

양인태,김연준,김동문,박재훈 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1997 産業技術硏究 Vol.17 No.-

Local administration is closely related with intention of residents. Especially, a plan item is closely related with life of residents. Therefore, it has to be logical and objective solution for opinion convergence. Decision of opinion has to be in a triangular position standard and stand in a trio of criteria in standard. But, opinion convergence of residents very difficult. Recently, the technique of GIS presents method for opinion convergence with logical and objective and scientifically solution. And, this study present method for decision of intention to a complex element with GRID and NETWORK techniques of GIS. This study present optimun site of constructure with the GIS technique in consideration of a side face of transportation, technical, social economy and environments.

국내 분리 폐렴 구균의 항균제 내성 현황 및 분자역학 조사를 통한 내성 전파의 규명

양지원,이남용,백경란,김성민,송재훈,배직현 대한감염학회 1996 감염 Vol.28 No.5

목 적 : 최근 폐렴구균의 항균제 내성은 전 세계적인 문제가 되고 있다. 국내에서도 폐렴구균의 페니실린 내성율이 70%를 넘어 세계 최고 수준의 내성을 나타내고 있다. 본 연구는 국내 분리 폐렴 구균의 페니실린 내성 및 다제 내성 현황을 확인하고, 국내의 내성율이 외국에 비하여 지나치게 높은 원인으로서 내성 전파의 가능성을 규명하고자 항균제 감수성 검사 및 pulsed-field gel electrophoresis(PFGE)와 penicillin-binding protein(PBP) profile을 분석하였다. 대상 및 방법 : 국내 2개의 3차 병원에서 1989년부터 1995년까지 153명의 환자 검체에서 분리된 173균주의 폐렴 구균을 대상으로 하였다. 항균제 감수성 검사는 oxacillin disk로 페니실린 내성 여부를 검색한 후, 한천희석법을 이용하여 11개 항균제의 성장억제최소농도를 구하였다. 항균제 감수성 검사 결과 모든 β-lactam 제제에 동시 내성을 보인 다제 내성 균주 42 균주를 대상으로 PFGE 와 PBP profile 분석을 시행하였다. PFGE는 SmaI과 ApaI을 제한효소로 사용하였으며, CHEF DR-Ⅱ system을 이용하여 전기영동하였다. PBP profile은 ³H-benzylpeniclillin으로 균주를 label하여 분석하였다. 결 과 : 항균제 감수성 결과 전체의 67.8%가 중등도 이상의 내성을 보였으며 (중등도 8.2%, 내성 59.6%), 3가지 종류 이상의 항균제에 동시 내성을 보이는 다제 내성율은 25.4%였다. 페니실린에 내성을 보이는 균주는 대부분 다른 항균제 특히 cephalosporin 제제에 내성을 보였다. 시험 균주의 혈청균은 19와 23이 가장 많았다. PFGE의 결과 35개의 다제 내성 균주 및 29 균주 (83%)가 동일한 제한 절편 양상을 보였으며, 총 5가지의 PFGE pattern 을 나타내었다. PBP profile 분석에서도 PFGE상 동일한 양상을 보인 다제내성 균주들은 PBP profile이 동일하였다. 결 론 : 본 연구는 기존의 국내 보고와 마찬가지로 폐렴구균의 페니실린 내성율이 세계 최고 수준임을 확인하였고, 아울러 다제 내성율도 현저히 증가하여 있음을 확인하였다. PFGE를 통한 유전자 절편 분석과 PBP의 변화 양상 분석을 통하여 다제 내성 균주의 80% 이상이 유전적 상관성이 있음을 확인함으로써, 내성의 전파가 국내에서 일어나고 있으며, 이 현상이 비교적 단기간에 국내에서 폐렴구균의 내성율을 급증하게 한 원인의 일부일 것으로 생각하였다. 향후 내성전파의 기전 및 근원에 대한 후속 연구가 내성 문제에 대한 장기적인 대책 마련에 필수적일 것으로 사료된다. Background : During recent three decades, the resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae to penicillin has been rapidly increasing in many parts of the world. To characterize the epidemiology of multidrug-resistant S. pneunoniae as well as to investigate the possible spread of multiresistant clones which could partly explain the unusually high resistance rate in Korea, we conducted the antimicrobial susceptibility tests of pneumococcal isolates and performed pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and penicillin-binding protein (PBP) profile analysis of multiresistant strains from Korea. Methods : A total of 174 pneumococcal isolates obtained from 153 patients who visited or were admitted to two tertiary care hospitals during the period from 1989 to 1995 were studied. Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for 173 isolates were performed using agar dilution method to determine minimal inhibitory concentrations of 11 antimicrobial agents. A total of 42 isolates with multidrug-resistance were subjected to PFGE and PBP profile analysis to investigate the genetic relatedness between multiresistant strains, SmaI and ApaI were used to digest the genomic DNAs in PFGE. For PBP profile analysis, 5 mCi³H-benzylpenicillin were used to label PBPs of pneumococci. Results : Antimicrobial susceptibility tests for 173 isolates showed that 67.8% of isolates were not susceptible to penicillin, exhibiting either intermediate (8.2%) of resistance (59.6%). Multidrug-resistance to three or more classes of antibiotics was observed in 25.4% of the isolates. Almost all isolates with resistance to penicillin were resistant to cephalosporins. PFGE showed that 29 of 35 Korean isolates with multidrug-resistance had an identical PFGE pattern. These strains also shared a common PBP profiles with decreased affinity of PBPs 1a, 2x, and 2b. Conclusion : These data demonstrated the extremely high rates of penicillin- and multidrug-resistance in pneumococcal isolates in Korea. Molecular epidemiologic studies suggest the spread of a single epidemic clone of resistant pneumococci within Korea, which could partly explain the unusually high rate of resistance in Korea. Future investigation with regards to source and mode of transmission is warranted.

급성충소돌기염의 임상 : 병리학적 고찰

양기화,조준필,하영천,한진우,정학재,손수창,이성희,황재훈,신철호 최신의학사 1989 最新醫學 Vol.32 No.4

불소방출성 콤포짓트 레진계 수복재의 특성

김상훈,백병주,김재곤,양연미,박정렬 大韓小兒齒科學會 2008 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.35 No.3

본 연구에서는 구강 환경과 유사한 조건에서 불소방출성을 보이는 콤포짓트 레진계 수복재의 내구성과 불소방출성을 조사하기 위해 4종의 콤포머와 1종의 불소방출성 콤포짓트 레진을 실험재료로 선택하고 5℃와 55℃ 수중에서의 열순환 처리 후의 인장강도, 열순환 처리 후 칫솔에 대한 작용력 1.5N으로 100,000회 칫솔질을 시행하였을 때의 표면조도 및 불소치약 칫솔질 후 37℃ 수중에서의 불소이온 용출 양상을 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 인장강도는 TC(Tetric^(ⓡ) Ceram)군에서 32.3 MPa, CF(Compoglass F)군에서 16.8 MPa이고, TC군과 DF(Dyract^(ⓡ) flow)군 및 CF군에서 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 2. 칫솔질 마모시험 후의 표면조도 Ra는 TC군에서 0.287, FT(F2000)군에서 1.516이고, FT군과 나머지 시험군 사이에 유의한 차이를 보였다(P<0.05). 3. 칫솔질 마모시험 후의 표면에서는 필러의 돌출과 탈락 양상이 관찰되었다. 4. 불소치약 Perio Alpine Herb로 칫솔질 한 후 콤포머는 초기에 높은 용출을 보인 후 시간이 경과하면서 용출량이 감소하는 양상을 보였지만, 불소방출성 콤포짓트 레진의 TC군에서는 초기단계부터 낮으면서도 지속적인 용출을 보였다. 5. 불소치약 Perio Alpine Herb로 칫솔질 한 후 1시간이 경과하였을 때의 불소이온 용출량은 CF군에서 2.064μg/cm², TC군에서 0.1119μg/cm²이고, CF군의 용출량이 나머지 시험군에 비해 유의하게 높은 값을 보였다(P<0.05). The objectives of this study were to examine the properties of fluoride-releasing resin composite restorative materials. Four commercially available compomer materials (Compoglass F: CF, Dyract^(ⓡ) AP: DA. Dyract^(ⓡ) flow:DF, F2000: FT) and one fluoride-releasing composite resin (Tetric^(ⓡ) Ceram: TC) were selected as experimental materials. Rectangular-shaped tensile test specimens were fabricated in a teflon mold giving 5 mm in gauge length and 2 mm in thickness. Disk-shaped specimens were fabricated in the split teflon mold with diameter of 15mm and thickness of 1 mm. After curing for an hour, specimens were immersed in deionized water at 37℃±1℃ for 30 days. All specimens were thermocycled for 10,000 cycles with 15 seconds of dwelling time in each 5℃ and 55℃ water baths. Toothbrush abrasion test was conducted under a load of 1.5 N and the abraded surfaces were examined with surface roughness tester (SV-3000, Mitutoyo Co, Japan) and SEM (JSM-5800, JEOL, Japan). Fluoride recharging was done by toothbrushing for 3 min. using a fluoride toothpaste (Perio Alpine Herb, LG Household & Health Care, Korea). The results obtained were summarized as follows; 1. The highest tensile strength value of 32.3 MPa was observed in TC group and the lowest value of 16.8 MPa was observed in CF group. The tensile strength of TC group was significantly higher than those of CF and DF groups (P<0.05). 2. The lowest Ra value of 0.287 was observed in TC group and the highest value of 1.516 was observed in FT group. The Ra value of FT group was significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05). 3. The abraded surfaces revealed the increase of surface roughness due to the protrusion and missing of filler particles. 4. The release of fluoride of compomers after tooth brushing by Perio Alpine Herb was initially large and then followed by small and continuously. But it remains small and constant in fluoride-releasing composite resin of TC. 5. The highest value of fluoride release after toothbrushing by Perio Alpine Herb was 2.064 μg/cm² in CF group and the lowest value was 0.119μg/cm² in TC group. The amount of fluoride release of CF group was significantly higher than other groups (P<0.05).

담관계 감염증에서 혈액 및 담즙배양 균주의 특성과 항생제 감수성

송재훈,이철환,김양수,이성구,이근찬,민영일,김명환 대한감염학회 1994 감염 Vol.26 No.1

During a three-year period, 600 patients were admitted to the Asan Medical Center because of biliary tract diseases. Both aerobic and anaerobic cultures were performed in 313 patients with cholangitis (bile : 253, blood : 113, both : 53). Of these patients, 189 were positive(bile 159. blood 68. both 38). The most common organisms were E. coli, K pneumoniae, and P. aeruginosa in both bile(respectively, 49.7%, 20.8%, 51.5%) and blood cultures(respectively, 45.6%, 26.5%, 22.1%). Antibiotic therapy did not sterilize bile, but selectively increased the proportions of P. aeruginosa. There was no significant difference in biliary bacteriology according to the history of biliary surgery, or the presence of percutaneous biliary drainage or underlying disease. More than 95% of gram-negative organisms isolated was highly susceptible to imipenem and amikacin. P. aeruginosa was resistant to ceftazidime in 63.3% which might be associated with overuse of the drug during the study period. Further studies will be necessary in patients with cholangitis to determine whether newer antibiotics replace previous combination therapy.

GIS에 의한 의사결정 시스템 구축에서 AHP의 적용기법

박재훈,양인태,최광식 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 1998 産業技術硏究 Vol.18 No.-

According to growing interest in environmental quality with improvements of a standard of livign site selection problems such as waste landfill sites, caused regional conflicts. This study investigates a waste landfill estimation method that was used to for storage, management, analysis and dispaly of encironmental information provided by geo-spatial information system(GLS) and analytic hieracchy process (AHP) as a decision-making method. If GLS is integrated with AHP, site selection problems of environmental hatred facilities shall be able to be very useful, because of AHP with flexibility which appropriately reflects opinions of the related group.

심장 이식 환자에서 발생한 Cryptococcus neoformans에 의한 뇌막염 2예 : The report of two cases

박재형,이윤정,강수진,정영훈,장진석,정준원,최상호,김순종,김양수,김재중 대한화학요법학회 2001 대한화학요법학회지 Vol.19 No.3

최근 장기 이식과 관련된 면역억제제의 사용 빈도의 증가 및 후천성면역결핍증 환자의 증가 등으로 인해 기회감염이 증가되고 있으며, C. neoformans에 의한 감염도 증가되고 있다. 저자들은 심장이식 후 6개월이상 지난 환자에서 발생한 크립토코쿠스 뇌막염 2예를 경험하였는데, 한 예의 경우는 거대세포 바이러스 감염과 함께 C. neoformans의 전신적 파급성 감염의 형태로 나타났었고, 폐에 A. fermigatus에 의한 감염이 같이 병발된 경우였다. 이들은 모두 경미한 증상만을 호소하였고, 뇌척수액 검사를 통해 진단받았으며 liposomal amphotericin B와 경구용 fluconazole을 사용하여 완치되었기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Cryptococcal meningitis is a subacute or chronic mycotic infection caused by Cryptococcus neoformans and it is a second most common central nervous system (CNS) infection in organ transplant patients. The recent rise in incidence of the disease can be attributable to the wide use of immunosuppressive agents in organ transplant patients, the advent of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients and increased use of chemotherapeutic agents. We report two cases of cryptococcal meningitis after cardiac transplantation. Their symptoms were not typical and neurologic examination was nonfocal. One patient had disseminated cryptococcal infection and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis, it might be assodated with cytomegalovirus infection. They were diagnosed by cryptococcus latex agglutinin test and culture study with cerebrospinal fluid and treated with liposomal amphotericin B and oral fluconazole without any neurologic defects.

유치열과 영구치열의 구개 각부의 관계에 대한 연구

이용훈,백병주,양연미,이용희,김상훈,김재곤 大韓小兒齒科學會 2004 大韓小兒齒科學會誌 Vol.31 No.4

본 연구는 유치열과 영구치열에서 구개의 길이, 폭, 깊이 및 치열궁의 형태 등을 조사하여 남녀간의 차이와 유치열과 영구치열간의 변화양상을 파악하는 것이다. 유치열기 아동 100명과 영구치열기 성인 100명 총 200명을 대상으로 하여 상악 석고 모형을 채득하고 3차원 laser scanner(SD Scanner, DS4060, LDI, U.S.A.)를 통한 석고 모델의 측정을 통해 cloud data, polygonization, section curve and loft surface, fit and horizontal plane (Surfacer 10.0, Imageware, U.S.A.)을 기초로 하여 구개의 폭, 길이, 높이 및 치열궁의 형태 등을 계측하였다. 통계학적 분석을 위해 t-tests가 사용되었다. 이에 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 구개의 계측항목에서 유치열 전방부 구개높이를 제외한 나머지 항목에서 남자가 여자보다 크게 나왔으며, 유치열은 전구개폭(p<0.05)과 후구개폭(p<0.01), 영구치열은 구개폭(p<0.05)과 전구개길이(p<0.01), 중구개, 후구개길이(p<0.05)에서 남녀간에 유의한 차이가 있었다. 2. 남녀의 구개지수에서 유치열에서는 구개장고지수(p<0.05)와 구개장폭지수(p<0.01)가 남녀간에 통계학적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 영구치열의 구개지수에서는 남녀간에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 3. 유치열과 영구치열의 계측항목 비교에서 후방부 구개폭이 가장 많이 증가하였으며, 다음으로 후방부 구개높이, 전방부 구개폭, 전방부 구개길이 순이었다. 전방부 구개높이와 후방부 구개길이는 오히려 감소하였다. 4. 유치열과 영구치열의 구개지수 비교에서 구개장고지수와 구개장폭지수, 후구개폭고지수는 영구치열에서 증가하였고, 나머지 지수는 감소하였다. The purpose of this study was to clarify the palatal arch length, width and height in the primary and permanent dentition. Samples were consisted of normal occlusions both in the primary dentition(50 males and 50 females) and in the permanent dentition(50 males and 50 females). With their upper plaster casts were used and through 3-dimensional laser scanning(3D Scanner, DS4060, LDI, U.S.A.), cloud data, polygonization, section curve and loft surface, fit and horizontal plane were based to measure the palatal arch length, width and height(Surfacer 10.0, Imageware, U.S.A.). T-tests were applied for the statistical analyze of the data. The results were as follows : 1. In the measurement values, the values of the male were higher than those of the female except primary anterior palatal height. There were not only statistically significant differences in anterior palatal width(p<0.05) and posterior palatal width(p<0.01) in primary dentition but palatal width(p<0.05), anterior palatal length(p<0.01), middle and posterior palatal length(p<0.05) in permanent dentition between male and female. 2. In the indices of palate, there were statistically significant differences in height-length index(p<0.05) and width-length index(p<0.01) between male and female in primary dentition. In permanent dentition, there was statistically difference between male and female. 3. In the measurement values, posterior palatal width was increased most greatly. Posterior palatal height, anterior palatal width and anterior palatal length were followed by descending order. On the other hand, anterior palatal height and posterior palatal length were decreased. 4. In the indices of palate, the height-length index, the width-length index and posterior height-width index were increased, but the others were decreased.

괴사를 동반한 특발성 위확장증

이태훈,이재백,양두현 대한응급의학회 2001 대한응급의학회지 Vol.12 No.4

Acute gastric dilatation without obstructive or organic disease is rare, but is possible after a gastric or an abdominal operation in cases of trauma, retroperitoneal hematoma, diabetic gastroparesis, hypoxemia, electrolyte imbalance, etc. However ischemic necrosis due to acute gastric dilatation is very rare and has been reported only in patients who has anorexia nervosa or overeat suddenly. If the distended stomach is not decompressed successfully by using a conservative method or if the process proceeds to ischemic necrosis, operative treatment is necessary. We experienced a case in which the stomach was acutely distended, and mutiple ischemic necroses had developed. The patient was a 27-year-old woman and had no specific underlying disease in her medical history. After overeating, the stomach was distended acutely. During the operation, mutiple ischemic necroses were found in the stomach. A total gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y esophagojejunostomy were performed.