결핵항원에 의한 결핵환자 말초혈액 단핵구의 IL-2,IL-10 및 TNF-α mRNA 발현비교

박정규,임영재,김화중,조은경,민들레,임재현,최덕례,박성규 충남대학교 의과대학 지역사회의학연구소 1999 충남의대잡지 Vol.26 No.1

The various clinical features of tuberculosis are mediated by diverse cytokines produced by various immune cells which are initially triggered by M. tuberculosis antigens. CD4+ T cells can be classified into two subsets according to the patterns of cytokines they produce; Thl cells give rise to cell-mediated immunity and are characterized by the production of IL-2 and IFN-y, whereas Th2 cells are more efficient in mediating antibody production and secrete II-4, IL-5, IL-6 and II-10, Thl cells can control Th2 cell and vice versa. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy, cured and chronic refractory tuberculosis patients were stimulated with PPD, TSP and PHA antigen, and lymphoproliferative response and expression of II-2, IL- 10, TNF-α mRNAs were measured. Lymphoproliferative responses to PPD, TSP and PHA antigen were depressed in chronic refractory case compared with others expression of IL-2 mRNA was depressed in chronic refractory case stimulated with all antigens. Expression of IL-10 and TNF-α were depressed in cured and chronic refractory cases stimulated with PPD and TSP antigens.

여호와의 증인 환자에서 산과적 출혈 후 무수혈 치료 2예

김재령,여소진,이해혁,김정식,김태희,남계현,이권해,이임순,박진화,황경호 순천향의학연구소 2004 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.10 No.2

Jehovah's Witness comprise a unique obstetric population. Their refusal of blood stems from an interpretation of a literal translation of the Bible, and it is this belief that puts them at an increased risk of morbidity and mortality if hemorrhage occurs. We report two cases of a Jehovah's Witness who bled massively due to obstetric hemorrhage, refused blood transfusion and had profound anemia. The patients were treated with recombinant human erythropoietin, parenteral iron and oxygen. And they were treated on an intensive care unit with intermittent positive pressure ventilation. We reviewed with literature considering the therapy for acutely anemic patients who refuse transfusion to decrease the duration of the most severe anemia.

결핵균 30 kDa 항원과 Triton X-100 Solubilized Protein 항원에 의한 대장암 주변 림프절 단핵구의 활성화

박정규,김광호,조은경,임재현,민들레,송영자,김화중,백태현 忠南大學校 癌共同硏究所 1998 癌共同硏究所 硏究誌 Vol.2 No.1

Tumor-draining lymph node mononuclear (TDLMN) cells are specifically sensitized to the growing tumor but such cells are deficient for mediating an antitumor response. In this study, we examined the feasibility of using mycobacterial 30 kDa or Triton X-100 solubilized protein (TSP) antigen to stimulate mononuclear cells of colon cancer-draining lymph node for the generation of cell mediated immune effector cells. The proliferative response of TDLMN cells stimulated with mycobacterial 30 kDa or TSP antigen was determined by ^(3)H-thymidine incorporation assay. The proliferation of TDLMN cells to mycobacterial 30 kDa or TSP antigen was significantly increased in PPD (+) patients, but a poor response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen was observed in PPD (-). The expression on γδ T cells to mycobacterial 30 kDa or TSP antigen was assessed by flow cytometry. The γδ T cells from PPD ( + ) patient responded only to 30 kDa antigen but to TSP antigen. An investigation of cytokine mRNA expression was undertaken using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) to follow TDLMN cells stimulated with the 30 kDa or TSP antigens for 5 days. The IFN-γ and TNF-α mRNA expression was only induced in TDLMN cells of PPD ( + ) patient in response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen. The IL-2 mRNA expression was induced in both PPD (+) and PPD (-) in response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen. But the IL-4 mRNA expression was not induced in response to the 30 kDa or TSP antigen. These results suggest that the 30 kDa and TSP antigens may serve as biologic response modifier for the generation of cell mediated immune effector cells.

HL-60 세포주를 이용한 결핵균항원의 세포성면역반응의 분석

박정규,강윤중,김운옥,임재현,송창화,조은경,김화중 충남대학교 의학연구소 2001 충남의대잡지 Vol.28 No.2

Most persons who become infected with M. tuberculosis mount a protective immune response and remain clinically well, the only evidence of infection being development of a positive tuberculin skin test. Five to 10% develop tuberculosis disease within the first 2 years after infection (primary tuberculosis) or thereafter (reactivation tuberculosis). Acquired resistance against tuberculosis paradigmatically rests on cell-mediated immunity, with the major factors being mononuclear phagocytes and T Lymphocytes. While the former cells act as the principal effectors, the latter ones serve as the predominant inducers of protection. The usefulness of the single dose of BCG routinely given in childhood in many developing countries in preventing far more commonly occurring tuberculosis in adults is in doubt. An effective and safe vaccine against tuberculosis is sorely needed. A subunit vaccine are capable of inducing protective immunity and could have substantial advantages over BCG or other whole-bacterium vaccines. The human promyelocytic cell line HL-60 adopted characteristic macrophage-like properties, including adherence and CD14 expression after a period of continuous culture at high ambient CO_(2) concentration. When HL-60 cells were cultured with 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D_(3) for 4 days, the cells acquired the activity to potentiate T cell proliferation by the 30 kDa or 38 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Therefore, vitamin D-treated HL-60 cells showed the function of the antigen presenting cells.

품행장애 청소년을 위한 외래집단정신치료 치료요인

이후경,김선재,차정화,봉수연,안현주 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.2

연구목적: 집단정신치료는 또래집단을 중요시하는 품행장애 청소년의 치료로서 매우 효과적인 것으로 알려져 있으나 한국에서는 아직 활성화되지 못하고 있다. 이에 따라 저자들은 품행장애 청소년에게 효과적으로 적용될 수 있는 폐쇄형, 동질적인, 시간제한(10회), 외래집단정신치료를 주 1회 실시하였다. 본 연구의 목적은 ①품행장애 청소년을 대상으로 집단정신치료를 시행하여 효과성을 평가하고, ②치료요인을 조사하여, ③ 집단정신치료를 품행장애 청소년에게 효과적이면서 효율적으로 적용될 수 있는 치료방법으로 정착시키는 데 있다. 대상 및방법: 본 연구는 1998년 10월붜 12월까지, 1999년 4월부터 6월까지 두차례에 걸쳐 실시하였다. 대상군은 품행장애 범주에 해당하는 H고교 2학년 여학생 총 18명(4명 도중 탈락), 대조군은 같은 범주에 해당하는 H고교 2학년 여학생 중 치료에 참여하지 않은 총 18명(4명 도중 탈락)이었다. 평가도구로는 프로그램 실시 전후에 자기보고식 비행척도, 공격성척도, 충동성척도을 시행하였고, 매 회기가 끝난 직후 Yalom의 13가지 치료요인척도, 집단치료 만족도 설문지를 시행하였으며, 종결모임시 총평가 설문지를 시행하였다. 결과: 치료요인의 변화를 집단발단단계에 따라 전후반기로 나누어 비교하였을 때, 전반기(1∼5회)에 상위를 차지한 치료요인은 순서대로 실존적인자, 보편성, 카타르시스, 리더와의 동일시, 구성원과의 동일시이었으며, 후반기(6∼10회)에 상위를 차지한 치료요인은 카타르시스, 실존적인자, 리더와의 동일시, 구성원과의 동일시, 구성원의 조언이었다. 전반기에 비해 후반기에 상대적으로 카타르시스, 구성원의 조언이 상승하였고 보편성은 하락하였다. 이타주의와 일차가족집단의 교정적 반복발달은 전후반기 모두 최하위를 기록하였다. 집단치료 만족도 설문에서 전반기는 45.7%, 후반기에는 83.3%가 도움받는 것으로 나타났고, 총평가 설문에서 85.7%가 기회가 있다면 다음에도 참여하고 싶다고 보고하였다. 결론: 시간제한 외래집단정신치료가 품행장애 청소년 에게 적용할 때 매우 효과적이면서도 만족도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 청소년을 대상으로 외래집단정신치료를 시행하는 것은 구성상의 어려움, 동기부족, 기금부족 등, 여러 제반 문제가 있으나 확대 시행되어야 할 것으로 생각된다. Objectives: Group psychotherapy is known to be an dffective treatment program for adolescents who attach importance to peer relationship, but it is not activated in Korea. Therefore, researchers performed weekly the closed, homogeneous, time-limited(10 sessions), outpatient group psychotherapy for adolescents with conduct disorder. Objectives of this study were as follows ; first, we practiced the group psychotherapy for adolescents with conduct disorder and evaluated its effectiveness ; second, we examined the therapeutic factors which were used by participants ; third, we intended to settlee down the group psychotherapy for adolescents with CD as an effective and efficient treatment modality. Methods: This study was performed two times from October to December in 1998 and from April to June in 1999. It was sponsored by Youth Counselling Center in H city. The case group were composed of 15 female students who were second grade in H high school, and 4 students were dropped out. The control group were composed of 18 female students who were same grade in H high school and 3 students were dropped out. Before and after this program, self-report delinquency scale, aggression scale and impulsivity scale were asked to them. And just after each session, Yalom 13 therapeutic factors scale and satisfaction questionnaire for group psychotherapy were asked to them. And at last meeting, total assessment questionnaire was asked to them. Results: We compared the change of therapeutic factors between the former half sessions (1-5) and the later half session(6-10), and the results were as follows ; in the former half, the upper ranks of therapeutic factors were existential factor, universality, catharsis, identi- fication with leader, and identification with members in order. And in the later half, the upper ranks of therapeutic factors were catharsis, existential factor, identification with leader, identi - fication with members, and guidance of members in order. The rank of catharsis and guidance of members went upward and the rank of universality went downward when we compared the ranks in the former half to those in the later half. Altruism and family enactment were the lowest ranked in both half. The satisfaction questionnair for group psychotherapy showed to be helped by participants at the rate of 45.7% in former half, 83.3% in later half. The total assessment questionnaire showed the willingness of re-participation at the rate of 85.7% if future opportunity of group psychotherapy is given for them. Conclusions: The time-limited group psychotherapy for adolescents diagnosed by conduct disorder was very effectively practiced and the participants reported high level of the satisfaction. The outpatient group psychotherapy for adolescents would be expanded and practiced though there are several accompanied problems including the difficulty of structuring, the deficit of motivation, and financial problem.

팔꿈치 경직 환자의 회복 운동을 위한 재활 로봇 시스템 개발

이정완,이재경 江原大學校 産業技術硏究所 2008 産業技術硏究 Vol.28 No.A

This paper describes the mechanical and control design of a robotic device for providing therapeutic assistance to arm movement following stroke. This is a new robot for arm therapy applicable to the training of activities of daily living in homes and clinics. This instrument has one degrees of freedom, and is equipped with position and force sensors. Repetitive movement can improve movement performance in patients with neurological or orthopaedic lesions. The application of robotics can serve to assist, enhance, evaluate, and document neurological and orthopaedic rehabilitation of movements. The new robot, the mechanical structure, the control circuit, the sensors and actuators and some safety aspects.

재발된 고혈압성 뇌실질내 출혈

배학근,정두신,도재원,이경석,윤일규 대한신경외과학회 1999 Journal of Korean neurosurgical society Vol.28 No.3

중소도시 하수관거의 침입수량 및 수질오염 원단위 산정

김옥형,박승기,정재훈,임경호 公州大學校 工學硏究院 生産技術硏究所 2004 論文集 Vol.12 No.-

The volume of wastewater in combined sewers in study areas usually exceeds capacities of the sewer system or the treatment plant during storms. For this reason, combined sewer systems are designed to overflow occasionally and discharge excess waste water. The 6 monitoring sites were selected from two small cities near the Hongsung prefecture during over a rainy season. Monitoring was performed by collecting grab samples and by measuring the rainfall and flow rates during dry and wet seasons. Generally the flow rate of wastewater in combined sewers was rapidly decreased after 23:00 PM and gradually increased from 06:30 AM in all sites during the dry season. Due to monitoring and statistical analysis, the groundwater contributes on sewage volume increase (average 3.4-25.4% more) during experimental periods. Therefore, this research is focus on the investigation of the effects of stormwater and groundwater to combined sewer systems.

2차원 및 3차원 초음파를 이용한 태아표면의 해부학적 선별 검사에 관한 연구

윤석범,이해혁,이정재,최경훈,이순곤,이임순,이권해 순천향의학연구소 1998 Journal of Soonchunhyang Medical Science Vol.4 No.2

Objective : Our purpose of this study was to determine the clarity and consuming time of fetal surface screening in thirty-eight fetuses from 24 to 32 weeks of gestation by use of two and three-dimensional ultrasonography. Methods : From May 1998 to July 1998, we performed the fetal surface screening of the fetal face, extremities, and spine. Thirty-eight fetuses of 24-32 weeks of gestation (thirty-seven normal fetuses and one abnormal fetus) were studied by use two-dimensional (AI 5200S, 3.5-5.0MHz; Acoustic Imaging Technologic Cooperation, U.S.A.) and three-dimensional ultrasonography (Volusion 530D, 3.5-5.0 MHz ; Kretz-Medicine, Korea). On the fetal face, we evaluated both orbits, nose, lips and brow. Both hands and feet, five digits and toes should be seen in this study. We evaluated cervical spine and lumbosacral junction of the spine. Results : The maternal average age of 38 patients was 29.9 years and the average gestational age was 29.7 weeks. The results of fetal surface screening were as follows : face (both orbits 89.5%, lips 92.1%, nose 92.1%, and brow 89.5%), extremities (both hands 68.4% and feet 73.7%), and spine (cervical spine 94.7% and lumbosacral junction 97.4%) by use of two-dimensional ultrasonography. By use of three-dimensional ultrasonography, results were as follows : face (both orbits 76.3%, lips 81.6%, nose 81.6%, and brow 78.9%), extremities (both hands 76.3% and feet 78.9%), and spine (cervical spine 71.1% and lumbosacral junction 73.7%). Consuming time for two-dimensional ultrasonography were 4.7 minutes for face, 11.6 minutes for extremities, and 5.7 minutes for spine. Using three-dimensional ultrasonography results were 12.8 minutes for face, 17.9 minutes for extremities, and 11.7 minutes for spine. Average consuming time of all fetal anatomic screening was 22.0 and 42.4 minutes by use of two and three dimensional ultrasonography. In one abnormal fetus had cleft lip and polydactyly of right foot which were detected all by three-dimensional ultrasonography, but we couldn't detect the polydactyly by two-dimensional ultrasonography. Conclusion : Three-dimensional ultrasonography was more time-consuming method, but we suggested that three-dimensional ultrasonography was superior than two-dimensional ultrasonography in fetal surface screening.

독성물질의 세포사 기전 및 세포사 유발물질의 검색법 개발에 관한 연구(Ⅰ) : 독성물질로 인한 파킨슨병 모델에서의 세포사 기전 연구 Study on the cell-death mechanisms of toxin-induced parkinsonism

강태석,김종민,서경원,김영옥,김준규,오재호,이윤동,김규봉,오정자,송연정,임종준,전범석,문전옥,최광식 식품의약품안전청 2000 식품의약품안전청 연보 Vol.4 No.-

MPTP 독성물질이 도파민성 신경세포에 선택적으로 작용하여 산화성 손상에 의한 신경세포사를 일으키는 것을 이용하여 파킨슨병의 동물모델을 만들고, 이를 통해서 아폼토시스를 비롯한 포사의 기전에 대한 연구 및 너코틴의 신경세포 보호효과 여부를 판정하는 실험을 병행하고자 하였다. 파킨슨꾐의 동물모델을 MPTf 독성 물질을 이용하여 확립하였으며, MPTP(30mgag, i.p.)를 투여한 후 1, 2,3, 4, 5일째 흑질 조직을 채춰하여 tarm로 박걸하여 tyrosine hydroxylase 면역조직화학염색을 수행하여 cell countif우한 결과, control은 57.635ce11s, 1일째 친.OfDells,2일째 57.9±6cells,3일릴 없.3±죠ells, 4일째 49.0츠3cells, 5일째 39.4±Scells료 4, 3일째 뚜렷한 신경세포 수의 감소를 보였다. 신경세포사 기전 규명을 위한 아폼토시스 분걱에서는 벼PTP 투여 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 조직을 채취하여 Hoechst staining, TUNEL staining을 수곡하였는데 양성 반응을 보인 신경세포는 관찰되지 않아. 아폼토시스로 인한 세포사가 관찰되지 않았다. bIPTP 파킨슨병 동물모델에서 nicotine 보호효과 탐색에 관한 실험은 nicat푸e 0.2mgAg을 5일 퐁안 투여 후 리『fP(30mgag)를 CS7Bt/6 마은스에 복강 내주사로 nicotine과 병용 투여한 후 1, 2, 3, 4, 5일째 뇌를 적출하땄다. 신경세포사가 뚜렷이 관찰되기 시작하는 4, 5일째의 신경세포 수의 감소 정도를 20. 30% 정도 약화시키는 경향을 보였으나, nicotine 보호효과에 대한 추가 실헝이 현재 수행 중에 있다. The cause of Parkinson's disease (PD) is largely unknown. However, free radical toxicit? may plaf a role ip. the degeneration of substantia nigra, which is the Hajorfocus of pathological damages in PD. Recently, a neuroprotective effect of nicotine in PD has been suggested. Therefore, the mechanism of neurodegenerafion and protective potential o( nicotine in PD were investigated in the experimental modeB of Pll using a neurotoxin, C57BL/6mice were administered with 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP, 30 mg/kg,j.p.). The degree of neurodegenerafion was determined by immunohistochemical stainiHB oftyrosine hydroxylase (TH). TH-positive cells on nigral sections were found 56.0 ±4, 57.9 ±6,52.315ce11s, 49.0±3cells, and 39,4±Scells at days 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, respectively (controls : 57.6±Scells). Hoechst and TUNEL staining showed no evidence of apoptosis. The exandnation on themice co-adrunistered with nicotine(0.2mgAg) and MPTP(30mgag) revealed a tendency ofnicotine protective effects. At days 4 and 5, the degree of TH-positive cells was decreased by20-30%, In corclusiffn, the role of apoptosis was not evidenced in this MPTP modeB of PB.The possible proteccon by nicotine should be elucidated with further studies.