도금공정 6가 크롬 미스트의 공기중 및 시료채취 여과지상 환원속도에 관한 연구 : 시료채취중 환원속도와 손실 보정 Reduction Rate during Sampling and Correction for the Loss

신용철,이병규,김선자,김향순 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.2

Hexavalent chromium, Cr(Ⅵ),may reduce on polyvinyl chloride (PVC) filter during air sampling. This study was conducted to cstimate the reduction rate of Cr(Ⅵ) on PVC filter during air sampling and an correction equation for th loss of Cr(Ⅵ) by feduction in an industrial plating process. The reduction of Cr(Ⅵ) was progressed rapidly in 60 minutes and slowly thereafter. The empirical reduction rate of Cr(Ⅵ) (Y) over sampling time (X, min) was the following : Y= 0.916 -0.0208√x (r=0.73, p〈0.05). The loss of Cr(Ⅵ) caused by reduction during sampling can be corrected using the following empirical equation : Sc = S x 1/Y. where Sc = corrected value, S = analytical result, and Y= reduction rate of Cr(Ⅵ).

좌측 관동맥에서 시작된 관동정맥루에 동반된 거대 동맥류 1예

신미승,맹선희,이혜진,조홍근,정의모,신길자 대한순환기학회 1999 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.29 No.7

녹차 및 매실 추출물이 N-Nitrosodimethylamine의 생성에 미치는 영향

최선영,정미자,신정혜,김행자,성낙주 한국식품영양학회 2002 韓國食品營養學會誌 Vol.15 No.1

녹차 및 매실추출물이 아질산염 소거, 전자 공여능 및 NDMA 생성 억제에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 질산염과 아민이 풍부한 식단(CW)에 인공타액과 위액을 이용한 "simulated digestion" 에서 확인하였다. 녹차와 매실 추출물의 아질산염 소거작용을 pH 1.0, 4.2 및 6.0에서 실험 결과, pH가 낮을수록, 시료 첨가량이 많을수록 효과적이었으며 pH 1.2에서 녹차 추출물 0.5ml 첨가시킬 경우 99.6%의 높은 소거작용을 나타내었고, 매실 추출물 3ml 첨가시 77.2%의 소거작용을 나타내었다. 녹차 및 매실 추출물의 전자공여 작용은 각각 70.6%, 75.1%로 높게 나타났다. 녹차와 매실 추출물의 NDMA 생성억제 효과는 pH 1.2 에서 가장 뛰어났고, 시료량이 증가할수록 억제효과가 높아 3ml 첨가시에 82.1%와 73.2%의 억제효과를 나타내었다. 실험식이에 녹차 및 매실 추출물의 첨가량을 달리하여 인공소화시킬 때 NDMA 생성억제 효과는 시료 첨가량에 비례하여 각각 20ml 첨가시 녹차 추출물은 57.9%, 매실 추출물은 48.4%의 NDMA 생성억제 효과를 나타내었다. The effects of nitrite scavenging, electron donating and N-nitrosodimethylamine (NDMA) formation in vitro and green tea (Camellia sinensis) and Maesil (prunus mume) were studied. The green tea and Maesil extracts were tested for their nitrite-scavenging effect under the different pH conditions such as pH 1.2, 4.2 and 6.0. The effects of nitrite-scavenging in all concentrations were diminished in the alkali condition, whiled its effects in the acidic condition of pH 1.2 were reached of more than 99.0% by adding above 0.5ml of green tea extract. And also, nitrite-scavenging effect by adding 3ml of Maesil extract was about 77.0%. The electron donating ability (EDA) of green tea and Maesil extracts was 70.6%, 75.1%, respectively. The formation of NDMA was very effectiveness which was inhibited 82.1%, 73.2% at reaction mixture of pH 2.5 adding 3ml of above extracts, respectively. The ground CW, TW1 and TW2 (refer to Table 1) diets were incubated with 10ml simulated saliva and 40 ml gastric juice at 37℃ for 2hrs. NDMA formation was inhibited at all levels of green tea and Measil extracts.

간호학생의 임상실습 교육을 위한 임상지도자 활용모델(Preceptorship Model) 적용 효과에 관한 연구

김조자,이원희,김소선,유해라,한신희,김기연,노영숙 대한간호협회 1997 대한간호 Vol.36 No.4

저체중 또는 과체중 청소년에서 캠프 프로그램을 이용한 영양 교육효과에 관한 연구

성미경,승정자,류화춘,박재년,박동연,최미경,조경옥,최선혜,이윤신,김유경,이은주 대한지역사회영양학회 2003 대한지역사회영양학회지 Vol.8 No.4

This study was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of a nutrition education program developed for nutritionally imbalanced adolescents. A summer nutrition camp was held for 23 overweight and 16 underweight subjects. Its effectiveness with regard to was evaluated at the end of the camp and 6 months later. Nutrition knowledge, nutritional attitude, food behavior, nutrient intake, exercise habit and ideal body figures desired by the subjects. The results showed significantly higher nutrition knowledge scores at the end of the camp as compared to those obtained prior to the camp program, and these scores were maintained for at least six months. Nutrition attitude scores also improved after the education program, and these improved scores also lasted for 6 months. However, the food behavior scores measured 6 months after the education program were not significantly different from those obtained prior to the camp. Also, the exercise habit, the ideal body figures and the body figures desired by the subjects remained unchanged. When nutrient intakes of subjects were assessed before the program and 6 months later, the mean daily vitamin C intake was significantly increased after the education program. Also, the intake of iron from plant food sources increased in the overweight subjects, while less iron from animal source were consumed by the underweight subjects. Both groups tended to consume more vegetables and fruits 6 months after the education program which may have contribute to the higher vitamin C and plant-based iron intakes. These results indicate that a 4-day nutrition education camp program sustained changes in nutrition knowledge and nutrition attitude for 6 months. The increased intake of vegetables and fruits was also achieved through this education program. However, changes in dietary behavior in adolescents may require repeated education.

혈액관리학과 교육과정 개발

조갑철,최양자,신기수,손선영 적십자간호전문대학 2000 적십자간호전문대학논문집 Vol.22 No.-

우리나라 논 관개용 지하수 수질 특성

김진호,조광래,임수정,이경자,경기천,엄미정,김희권,김찬용,이영한,이신찬,윤순강 한국환경농학회 2003 한국환경농학회지 Vol.22 No.4

This study was carried out to evaluate the status of the groundwater quality for paddy fields irrigation in Korea. Water samples were collected at 130 sites throughout the country. Samples were collected at three seasons-April, July and October-in 2000. According to our survey, the groundwater was found to be suitable for irrigation purpose. Average EC was shown 0.286 dS/m. Nitrate-nitrogen and Cl^(-) concentration was 5.6 ㎎/L, 32.95 ㎎/L which satisfied the Korean Standards for Irrigation Water. Nitrate-nitrogen concentration in each province was shown as following orders: Jeju (11.17 ㎎/L) > Chungnam (8.16 ㎎/L) > Gyeongbuk (6.64 ㎎/L) > Gyounggi (5.91 ㎎/L) > Chungnam (4.95 ㎎/L) > Gyeongnam (3.91 mgk) > Jeonbuk (3.50 ㎎/L) > Jeonnam (3.27 ㎎/L) > Gangwon (2.91 ㎎/L). The concentration by sampling seasons were October (6.62 ㎎/L) > July (5.88 mg&) > April (4.78㎎/L). As the soil of Jeju Province is usually derived from volcanic ash soils mainly used for upland drops, it may influence the nitrate-nitrogen concentration of groundwater. The amount of rainfall also influence the water quality. But the COD_(Cr), were shown April (3.17㎎/L) > July (2.91 ㎎/L) > October (2.40 ㎎/L), it is highly related in the basal dose of organic matter fertilizers. This study demonstrated that groundwater quality was suitable for irrigation, but continuous monitoring is recommended for agricultural policy and developing OECD agricultural environment indicators.

실내사무환경의 환경성담배연기(ETS)의 지표물질에 관한 연구

하권철,백남원,박동욱,윤충식,김원,최상준,박지영,최인자,김신범,강태선 한국산업위생학회 2003 한국산업보건학회지 Vol.13 No.2

The purpose of this research is to evaluate indoor office environment using the concentrations of nicotine, 3-enthenyl-pyridine(3-EP), and respirable suspended particulate(RSP), which are indicators for environmental tobacco smoke(ETS) and the correlations between indicators and environmental conditions(smoking density, smoking index). The mean air charge per hour (ACH) in smoking rooms was 10.4 and most of the smoking rooms showed non-compliance withe ASHRAE standard value except only one smoking rooms. The concentrations of RSP, 3-EP, nicotine showed log=normal distributions, and became different statistically depending on smoking condition(p〈0.01). The geometric mean concentration of RSP in smoking room was 441.7 ug/㎡ that is far exceeded environmental standard(150 ug/㎡). This implies that fine particulate in smoking room should be carefully controlled considering smoking density and ventilation fate. The mean concentrations of nicotine and 3-EP were 93.4 ug/㎥, respectively. The correlation coefficients between RSP and SI, 3-EP and SI, and Nicotine and SI were 0.67, 0.84 and 0.74, respectively. The correlation coefficient between nicotine and 3-EP, nicotine and RSP, and RSP and 3-EP were 0.76,0.78 and 0.57 respectively.

Clinical, endocrinological, and molecular characterization of Kallmann syndrome and normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism: a single center experience

Sun-Jeong Shin,Yeonah Sul,Ja Hye Kim,Ja Hyang Cho,Gu Hwan Kim,김재현,최진호,유한욱 대한소아내분비학회 2015 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.20 No.1

Purpose: Isolated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) deficiency (IGD) is classified as Kallmann syndrome (KS) with anosmia and normosmic idiopathic hypogonadotropic hypogonadism (nIHH). This study was undertaken to investigate the clinical, endocrinological, and molecular characteristics in Korean patients with KS and nIHH. Methods: Twenty-six patients from 25 unrelated families were included. Their clinical, endocrinological, and radiological findings were analyzed retrospectively. Mutation analysis of the GNRH1, GNRHR, KISS1, KISS1R, PROK2, PROKR2, TAC3, TACR3, FGF8, FGFR1, and KAL1 genes was performed in all patients. CHD7 and SOX10 were analyzed in patients with CHARGE (Coloboma, Heart defects, choanae Atresia, Growth retardation, Genitourinary abnormality, Ear abnormality) features or deafness. Results: Of the 26 patients, 16 had KS and 10 had nIHH. At diagnosis, mean chronologic age was 18.1 years in males and 18.0 years in females; height SDS were –0.67±1.35 in males, –1.12±1.86 in females; testis volume was 2.0±1.3 mL; and Tanner stage was 1.5. There were associated anomalies in some of the KS patients: hearing loss (n=6) and congenital heart disease (n=4). Absence or hypoplasia of the olfactory bulb/sulci was found in 84.62% of patients with KS. Molecular defects in KAL1, SOX10, and CHD7 were identified in 5 patients from 4 families (16.0%, 4/25 pedigrees). After sex hormone replacement therapy, there were improvement in sexual characteristics and the sexual function. Conclusion: This study described the clinical, endocrinological, and molecular genetic features in IGD patients in Korea. Although the mutation screening was performed in 10 genes that cause IGD, molecular defects were identified in relatively small proportions of the cohort.

Vertical-Gate Si/SiGe Double-HBT-Based Capacitorless 1T DRAM Cell for Extended Retention Time at Low Latch Voltage

Ja Sun Shin,Hyunjun Choi,Hagyoul Bae,Jaeman Jang,Daeyoun Yun,Euiyoun Hong,Dae Hwan Kim,Dong Myong Kim IEEE 2012 IEEE electron device letters Vol.33 No.2

<P>A vertical-gate Si/SiGe double heterojunction bipolar transistor (VerDHBT)-based capacitorless 1T DRAM cell is proposed for improved storage performance with a fabrication feasibility through a selective epitaxy. It is verified through a TCAD device simulation for dc and transient characteristics of the proposed VerDHBT-based 1T DRAM. The off-state leakage current was significantly reduced, while the on-current was considerably increased with <I>S</I><SUB>IF</SUB>/<I>B</I><SUB>mid</SUB>/<I>D</I><SUB>IF</SUB> = SiGe/SiGe/Si as the interfacial source/middle body/interfacial drain. A large hysteresis window for the “read 1” from the “read 0” and a long retention time at low latch voltage could be also obtained.</P>