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한자령(Ja-Ryoung Han),박진모(Jinmo Park),김요한(Yohan Kim),이영철(Young Chul Lee),김형식(Hyoung Sik Kim) 한국가스학회 2019 한국가스학회지 Vol.23 No.2
근래 환경 문제가 이슈화됨에 따라, 수소 에너지에 대한 관심 역시 빠르게 집중되고 있다. 특히 국내에서는 수소 에너지의 보급을 위하여 정부 주도 하, 수소전기차 및 수소충전소의 확산이 탄력을 받고 있다. 그러나 수소 에너지의 도입 취지에 부합하는, 실질적인 국내 환경성에 대한 기여도가 평가되어야 하지만, 기존 CO₂ 배출량 분석 방법의 대부분은 미국의 에너지 환경을 대표하여 개발되었으므로, 국내 현실에 그대로 적응하기에는 한계가 존재한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 국내에서 수소 생산 시 배출되는 CO₂ 배출량을 평가하는 방식으로, 물질 수지 기반의 수치계산 분석을 제안한다. 제안한 방법을 바탕으로 천연가스, LPG, 나프타를 원료로 개질 반응 및 전기분해, COG를 활용한 수소 생산 시 국내에서 발생하는 CO₂ 배출량을 분석하였다. 또한, 해당 결과를 GREET 프로그램 분석 결과를 비교하여 제안한 방법의 신뢰성을 확인해보았다. Because of environmental pollution problem, interests in hydrogen energy has been concentrating sharply. Especially in Korea, the market related with fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations is increasing actively under the government-led. However, the actual contributions to environmental improvement effect of hydrogen energy is required to be evaluated with representing reality. In this sense, lots of conventional analyzing tools have some limitations to adapt in Korea’s situation directly. It is caused by the differences of raw energy market between the US and Korea. That is, most of analytic tools are developed by representing energy market of the US, where can produce variety of raw feed energy sources. Therefore, in this paper, we propose mass balance based numerical analyzing method, which is suitable for the actual hydrogen production process in Korea for exact evaluation of CO₂ emission amount in this country. Using proposed method, we has demonstrated reformed hydrogen from natural gas, LPG and naphtha, electrolysis-based hydrogen, and COG-based hydrogen. Furthermore, with the comparison of GREET program analysis results, robustness of numerical analysis method is demonstrated.
Serum alkaline phosphatase and γ-glutamyl transferase in acute pyelonephritis
( Chaehoon Han ),( Young-ki Lee ),( Hayne Cho Park ),( Ajin Cho ),( Sun Ryoung Choi ),( Jong-woo Yoon ),( Ja Ryong Koo ),( Hyung Jik Kim ),( Jung-woo Noh ),( Min-jeong Park ) 대한신장학회 2019 Kidney Research and Clinical Practice Vol.38 No.2
Background: Elevated serum alkaline phosphatase (AP) and γ-glutamyl transferase (γ-GT) are commonly observed in patients with acute pyelonephritis. The goal of this study was to examine the clinical significance of elevated serum AP and γ-GT levels and to explore the mechanisms underlying these changes. Methods: We examined serum AP and γ-GT levels in 438 patients with acute pyelonephritis. Urine AP/creatinine (Cr), urine γ-GT/Cr, fractional excretion of AP, and fractional excretion of γ-GT (FE<sub>γ-GT</sub>) were evaluated in patients with elevated and normal serum levels. AP isoenzymes were also examined. Results: We identified 77 patients (17.6%) with elevated serum AP and 134 patients (30.6%) with elevated serum γ-GT. Among them, both enzymes were elevated in 64 patients (14.6%). Older age, longer hospital stay, elevated baseline serum Cr, and complicated pyelonephritis were associated with increases in serum AP and γ-GT. Multivariate analysis showed that high serum AP levels were significantly correlated with renal impairment (odds ratio, 2.13; 95% confidence interval, 1.08-4.19; P = 0.029). FE<sub>γ-GT</sub> was significantly lower in patients with elevated serum enzyme levels. The liver fraction for AP isoenzyme profile did not increase in patients with elevated serum AP. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated that elevated serum AP and γ-GT levels are associated with complicated pyelonephritis and renal impairment. Lower FE<sub>γ-GT</sub> levels in patients with elevated serum enzymes may be the result of decreased urinary excretion of these enzymes.
이경자 ( Kyung Ja Lee ),이지현 ( Ji Hyun Lee ),곽노상 ( No Sang Kwak ),이인영 ( In Young Lee ),김준한 ( Jun Han Kim ),엄용석 ( Yong Seok Eom ),장경룡 ( Kyung Ryoung Jang ),심재구 ( Jae Goo Shim ),이용택 ( Yong Taek Lee ) 한국화학공학회 2012 Korean Chemical Engineering Research(HWAHAK KONGHA Vol.50 No.2
Amine volatility occurring on the CO2 capture process may result in significant economic losses and environmental impact. In this study, using an volatility measurement apparatus, we measured a amine volatility of various amines including MEA (Monoethanolamine), MDEA (N-Methyldiethanolamine), Pz (Piperazine), AMP (2-Amino-2-methyl-1- propanol), 2-MP (2-Methylpiperazine), DGA (Diglycolamine). For the quantitative analysis of volatility, we analyzed the effects of temperature and CO2 loading using an gas chromatography analysis, The result shows that the amine volatility was increased by increasing Henry`s constant (MDEA<DGA<Pz<2-MP<MEA<AMP). And primary amines such as MEA and AMP were more volatile than MDEA, These results are considered from the difference of molecular structures: MDEA having two hydroxyl groups (-OH) shows less volatile than primary Amine which have only one hydroxyl group (for MEA & AMP) and two hydrophobic alkyl groups (-CH3) (for AMP).
혈액투석 중인 말기 신질환 환자에서 대사성 산증과 칼슘대사 장애의 연관성
한성우(Sung Woo Han),박우정(Woo Jung Park),현상훈(Sang Hoon Hyun),구자룡(Ja Ryoung Koo),전노원(Ro Won Chun),김형직(Hyung Jik Kim),채동완(Dong Wan Chae),노정우(Jung Woo Noh),김근호(Gheun Ho Kim) 대한내과학회 2000 대한내과학회지 Vol.58 No.4
Background: Mild metabolic acidosis is frequently found among the stable patients treated with maintenance hemodialysis. However, its clinical effects have yet to be clarified. This study was undertaken to estimate the prevalence of metabolic acidosis in the patients undergoing chronic hemodialysis and to evaluate the clinical significance of metabolic acidosis, especially in relation to calcium metabolism. Methods: In 124 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis, analysis of arterial blood gas and measurement of various biochemical markers and parathyroid hormone were carried out with predialysis blood obtained from arterial side of arteriovenous fistula. Results: Ninety two patients(74.2%) had metabolic acidosis. Their arterial pH was 7.32±0.01, arterial bicarbonate concentration 17.1±0.3 mEq/L, and PaCO2 33.1±0.5 mmHg. The patients with metabolic acidosis showed a lower calcium(7.90±0.16 vs. 8.68±0.17 mg/dL, p<0.05), and higher phosphorus(4.96±0.16 vs. 3.68±0.39 mg/dL, p<0.05), alkaline phosphatase(233.6±22.7 vs. 145.9±13.7 U/L, p<0.05) and parathyroid hormone(176.5±23.7 vs. 52.8±14.4 pg/mL, p<0.05) levels compared to those with normal acid-base balance. In the patients with metabolic acidosis, PaCO2 level showed a positive correlation with arterial bicarbonate concentration(r=0.62, p<0.001). The lower arterial bicarbonate was, the higher serum potassium(r=-0.24, p<0.05), phosphorus(r=-0.42, p<0.001) and anion gap(r=-0.28, p<0.01) were. When the patients were divided into two groups according to the dialysate buffer used, the lower calcium-acetate group showed lower total calcium(7.28±0.25 vs. 7.96±0.17 mg/dL, p<0.05) and ionized calcium(0.85±0.05 vs. 1.08±0.04 mmol/L, p<0.05) levels and higher alkaline phosphatase(457.1±170.2 vs. 209.4±15.9, p<0.05) and parathyroid hormone (364.4±83.7 vs. 155.4±23.6 pg/mL, p<0.05) levels compared to the higher calcium-bicarbonate group. Conclusion: Current hemodialytic practice is less than ideal, as evidenced by a high prevalence of metabolic acidosis. The metabolic acidosis in maintenance hemodialysis is associated with abnormal calcium metabolism, suggesting that a more aggressive correction of metabolic acidosis may be required by individualizing dialysis prescription.(Korean J Med 58:420-429, 2000)
국내 수소 생산에 따른 CO<sub>2</sub> 발생량 분석
한자령,박진모,김요한,이영철,김형식,Han, Ja-Ryoung,Park, Jinmo,Kim, Yohan,Lee, Young Chul,Kim, Hyoung Sik 한국가스학회 2019 한국가스학회지 Vol.23 No.2
Because of environmental pollution problem, interests in hydrogen energy has been concentrating sharply. Especially in Korea, the market related with fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations is increasing actively under the government-led. However, the actual contributions to environmental improvement effect of hydrogen energy is required to be evaluated with representing reality. In this sense, lots of conventional analyzing tools have some limitations to adapt in Korea's situation directly. It is caused by the differences of raw energy market between the US and Korea. That is, most of analytic tools are developed by representing energy market of the US, where can produce variety of raw feed energy sources. Therefore, in this paper, we propose mass balance based numerical analyzing method, which is suitable for the actual hydrogen production process in Korea for exact evaluation of $CO_2$ emission amount in this country. Using proposed method, we has demonstrated reformed hydrogen from natural gas, LPG and naphtha, electrolysis-based hydrogen, and COG-based hydrogen. Furthermore, with the comparison of GREET program analysis results, robustness of numerical analysis method is demonstrated. 근래 환경 문제가 이슈화됨에 따라, 수소 에너지에 대한 관심 역시 빠르게 집중되고 있다. 특히 국내에서는 수소 에너지의 보급을 위하여 정부 주도 하, 수소전기차 및 수소충전소의 확산이 탄력을 받고 있다. 그러나 수소 에너지의 도입 취지에 부합하는, 실질적인 국내 환경성에 대한 기여도가 평가되어야 하지만, 기존 $CO_2$ 배출량 분석 방법의 대부분은 미국의 에너지 환경을 대표하여 개발되었으므로, 국내 현실에 그대로 적응하기에는 한계가 존재한다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 국내에서 수소 생산 시 배출되는 $CO_2$ 배출량을 평가하는 방식으로, 물질 수지 기반의 수치 계산 분석을 제안한다. 제안한 방법을 바탕으로 천연가스, LPG, 나프타를 원료로 개질 반응 및 전기분해, COG를 활용한 수소 생산 시 국내에서 발생하는 $CO_2$ 배출량을 분석하였다. 또한, 해당 결과를 GREET 프로그램 분석 결과를 비교하여 제안한 방법의 신뢰성을 확인해보았다.