Genetic Variations of the Apolipoprotein B Gene in Korean People and Its Association with Hypercholesterolemia

Sung Han Kim,Un Kyung Kim,Jae Jin Chae,Jeong In Baek,Soo Young Choi,Jae Woong Bae,Sang Hyun Kim,Hyo Soo Kim 한국유전학회 2008 Genes & Genomics Vol.30 No.5

Genetic polymorphisms at the apolipoprotein B have been associated with elevated plasma concentrations of LDL, atherosclerosis and increased risk of coronary artery disease. 106 individuals composed of 46 hypercholesterolemic patients and 60 controls were analyzed with Ins/Del length polymorphism, four RFLPs (HincII, PvuII, AluI, EcoRI) and 3`-VNTR to clarify the characteristics of the apolipoprotein B gene and to determine their influence on the lipid profile of hypercholesterolemic patients and controls in Korea. A total of 212 apolipoprotein B alleles from six markers were identified in this study. Heterozygosityranges from zero to 0.32, and the genotyope frequencies in the case of 3`-VNTR are significantly different between two groups. Analysis of linkage disequilibrium revealed paired nonrandom associations between four pairs of polymorphic sites of the apolipoprotein B gene (p<0.05). Moreover, addition of all 4 polymorphic sites provided the highest PIC value. This study also investigated the association of these polymorphisms with the patients and with variation in lipid levels. A significant association between 3`-VNTR genotypes and Lp(a) was observed in hypercholesterolemic patients (p<0.05). The results suggest that genotypes of six polymorphic markers were not significantly associated with TC, TG or LDL-chol level between the patients and controls in the Koreans.

<i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> evaluation of a novel polymer-free everolimus-eluting stent by nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide film deposition

Park, Dae Sung,Bae, In-Ho,Jeong, Myung Ho,Lim, Kyung Seob,Sim, Doo Sun,Hong, Young Joon,Lee, So-Youn,Jang, Eun Jae,Shim, Jae-Won,Park, Jun-Kyu,Lim, Han Chul,Kim, Han Byul Elsevier 2018 Materials Science and Engineering C Vol.91 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Inflammation and thrombosis are linked to the use of polymer-based drug-eluting stents (DES). The aim of this study was to develop a polymer-free everolimus (EVL)-eluting stent using nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide (N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>) and verify its efficacy by <I>in vitro</I> and <I>in vivo</I> assessment in a porcine coronary model. Various analytical approaches such as scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy, electron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectrometry and contact angle measurement were employed for the characterization. As a part of biocompatibility assessment, platelet adhesion and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation were examined. Bare metal stent (BMS), N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> stent, everolimus-eluting N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> (N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL) stent, and commercialized EVL-eluting stent (EES) were randomly placed in forty coronary arteries in twenty pigs. After four weeks of implantation, the stents were subjected to histological and quantitative analysis. The N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> film used in this study was well coated without any cracks or peeling. Surface hydrophilicity (88.8% of angle decrement) could be associated with the decrease in surface roughness post N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition (37.0%). The platelet adhesion on the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surfaces was less than that on the BMS surface. The proliferation of SMC was suppressed in the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL group (30.2%) but not in the BMS group. In the animal study, the percent area restenosis was significantly decreased in the N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL group compared to that in the BMS group. The results (BMS; 47.0 ± 11.00%, N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB>-EVL; 31.7 ± 10.50%, and EES; 29.1 ± 11.21%, <I>n</I> = 10, <I>p</I> < 0.05) were almost at par with those of the commercialized EVL-eluting stent. The introduction of N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> deposition during fabrication of polymer-free DES may be an efficient accessorial process for preventing in-stent restenosis and thrombosis.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> surfaces can help to reduce the platelet adhesion. </LI> <LI> In porcine model, N-TiO<SUB>2</SUB> everolimus decreased in-stent restenosis and fibrin deposition. </LI> </UL> </P>

Celay/In-Ceram, Conventional In-Ceram, Empress 2 전부도재관의 변연적합도에 관한 비교 연구

양재호,여인성,이선형,한중석,이재봉,Yang, Jae-Ho,Yeo, In-Sung,Lee, Sun-Hyung,Han, Jung-Suk,Lee, Jai-Bong 대한치과보철학회 2002 대한치과보철학회지 Vol.40 No.2

There have been many studies about marginal discrepancy of single restorations made by various systems and materials. But many of statistical inferences are not definite because of sample size, measurement number, measuring instruments. etc. The purpose of this study was to compare the marginal adaptations of the anterior single restorations made by different systems and to consider more desirable statistical methods in analysing the marginal fit. The in vitro marginal discrepancies of three different all-ceramic crown systems (Celay In-Ceram. Conventional In-Ceram. IPS Empress 2 layering technique) and one control group (PFM) were evaluated and compared. The crowns were made from one extracted maxillary central incisor prepared with a 1mm shoulder margin and $6^{\circ}$ taper walls by milling machine. 10 crowns per each system were fabricated. Measurements or a crown were recorded at 50 points that were randomly selected for marginal gap evaluation. Non-parametric statistical analysis was performed for the results. Within the limits of this study, the following conclusions were drawn: 1 Mean gap dimensions and standard deviations at the marginal opening for the maxillary incisor crowns were $98.2{\pm}40.6{\mu}m$ for PFM, $83.5{\pm}18.7{\mu}m$ for Celay In-Ceram, $104.9{\pm}44.1{\mu}m$ for conventional In-Ceram, and $45.5{\pm}11.5{\mu}m$ for IPS Empress 2 layering technique. The IPS Empress 2 system showed the smallest marginal gap (P<0.05). The marginal openings of the other three groups were not significantly different (P<0.05). 2 The marginal discrepancies found in this study were all within clinically acceptable standards ($100\sim150{\mu}m$). 3. When the variable is so controlled that the system may be the only one, mean value is interpreted to be the marginal discrepancy of a restoration which is made by each system and standard deviation is to be technique-sensitivity of each one. 4. From the standard deviations. the copy-milling technique (Celay/In-Ceram) was not considered to be technique-sensitive in comparison with other methods. 5. Parametric analysis is more reliable than non-parametric one in interpretation of the mean and standard deviation. The sample size of each group has to be more than 30 to use parametric statistics. The level of clinically acceptable marginal fit has not been established. Further studies are needed.

The effect of alpha lipoic acid in a porcine in-stent restenosis model

Lim, Sang Yup,Bae, Eun Hui,Jeong, Myung Ho,Kim, Ju Han,Hong, Young Joon,Sim, Doo Sun,Kim, Yong Sook,Park, In Kyu,Ahn, Youngkeun,Song, Sun-Jung,Cho, Dong Lyun,Kim, Kyoung Seok,Kang, Jung Chaee Elsevier 2009 Journal of cardiology Vol.54 No.3

<P><B>Summary</B></P><P><B>Background</B></P><P>The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of alpha lipoic acid (α-LA) on a porcine in-stent restenosis (ISR) model.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>In protocol 1, porcine vascular smooth muscle cells (PVSMC) were stimulated by granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) in the presence or absence of α-LA. MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazole-2-yl] 2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide) assay and western blotting were used to determine the cell growth inhibitory rate and anti-inflammatory effect associated with nuclear factor-κb (NF-κb) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK). In protocol 2, 28 days after balloon overdilation injuries, 24 bare metal stents were placed in coronary artery of 12 pigs. The pigs were randomly divided to receive control diet with or without α-LA (100mg/kg). In protocol 3, 8 control stents and 8 α-LA coated stents were randomly implanted in 2 coronary arteries of 8 pigs and follow-up coronary angiogram and histopathologic assessment were performed 4 weeks after stenting.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Protocol 1. The proliferation of PVSMC was inhibited and protein expression of NF-κb and ERK were attenuated by α-LA pretreatment. Protocol 2<I>.</I> On histopathologic analysis, the neointimal area (4.0±1.0mm<SUP>2</SUP> vs. 1.5±0.7mm<SUP>2</SUP>, <I>p</I><0.001) and histopathologic area of stenosis (66.7±10.7% vs. 24.2±9.7%, <I>p</I><0.001) were reduced in the α-LA feeding group compared to controls. Protocol 3. On histopathologic analysis, the neointimal area (3.9±0.8mm<SUP>2</SUP> vs. 1.0±0.4mm<SUP>2</SUP>, <I>p</I><0.001), and the histopathologic area of stenosis (67.1±8.8% vs. 17.4±10.0%, <I>p</I><0.001) were reduced in the α-LA coated stent group compared to the control stent group.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>α-LA feeding and α-LA coated stents inhibit neointimal hyperplasia in porcine ISR, possibly through inhibiting the activation of NF-κb pathway and proliferation of PVSMC.</P>

Design and evaluation of electron beam energy degraders for breast boost irradiation

Park, Jong In,Ha, Sung Whan,Kim, Jung-in,Lee, Hyunseok,Lee, Jaegi,Kim, Il Han,Ye, Sung-Joon BioMed Central 2016 Radiation oncology Vol.11 No.-

<P><B>Background</B></P><P>For breast cancer patients who require electron boost energies between 6 and 9 MeV, an energy degraders (ED) in the 9 MeV beamline was specially designed and manufactured to increase the skin dose of 6 MeV and to reduce the penetration depth of 9 MeV beams.</P><P><B>Methods</B></P><P>We used Monte Carlo (MC) techniques as a guide in the design of ED for use with linear accelerators. In order to satisfy percent depth dose (PDD) characteristics and dose profile uniformity in water, the shape and thickness of Lucite® ED in the 9 MeV beamline was iteratively optimized and then manufactured. The ED geometry consists of a truncated cone attached on top of a plane plate, with total central thickness of 1.0 cm. The ED was placed on the lower most scraper of the electron applicator. The PDDs, profiles, and output factors were measured in water to validate the MC-based design.</P><P><B>Results</B></P><P>Skin doses with the EDs increased by 8–9 %, compared to those of the 9 MeV beam. The outputs with the EDs were 0.882 and 0.972 for 10 × 10 and 15 × 15 cm<SUP>2</SUP> cones, respectively, as compared to that of a conventional 9 MeV beam for a 10 × 10 cm<SUP>2</SUP> cone. The X-ray contamination remained less than 1.5 %. In-vivo measurements were also performed for three breast boost patients and showed close agreement with expected values.</P><P><B>Conclusions</B></P><P>The optimally designed ED in the 9 MeV beamline provides breast conserving patients with a new energy option of 7 MeV for boost of the shallow tumor bed. It would be an alternative to bolus and thus eliminate inconvenience and concern about the daily variation of bolus setup.</P>

스키 리조트 이용자의 여가갈등에 관한 연구

한우진(Woo Jin Han),이장희(Jang Hee Lee),여인성(In Sung Yeo) 한국여가레크리에이션학회 2005 한국여가레크리에이션학회지 Vol.29 No.-

Although various studies concerning leisure conflict have been conducted in the U.S, there is little research in this area for Korean. There are many both unasked and unanswered questions in the experience of leisure conflict between or among various leisure activity group. Therefore, an attempt to understand the experience of leisure conflict in ski resort between skier and snowboarder may provide new insights into the nature of leisure conflict of Korean. The purpose of this study was to examine differences of leisure conflict by demographic variables and investigated effect of user’s characteristics in leisure conflict between skier and snowboarder.For this study, 482 participants were selected from 2 ski resorts located in Kangwon Province for one month from January 15th to February 15, 2005, using the convenience sampling method. For the data analysis SPSS 12.0 for Windows version was utilized. The hypothesis tests were conducted with independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, and Multiple Linear Regression to solve problems of the study. On the basis of the results, the conclusions were drawn as follows; 1. There are differences in leisure conflict between or among skier and snowboarder’ demographic characteristics(gender and age group) 2. Leisure conflicts of skier are effected by user’s background in both in-group and out-group. 3. Leisure conflicts of snowboarder are effected by user’s background in both in-group and out-group.

Evaluation of ion implantation for anti-thrombogenic coronary stent in vitro and in vivo

Shim, Jae-Won,Bae, In-Ho,Park, Dae Sung,Lim, Kyung-Seob,Lee, So-Youn,Jang, Eun-Jae,Park, Jun-Kyu,Kim, Ju Han,Jeong, Myung Ho Elsevier 2017 Journal of industrial and engineering chemistry Vol.54 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of ion implantation on the surface of anti-thrombogenic coronary stent. Nitrogen (N) was implanted into the cobalt–chromium surface by using an ion source under a plasma environment to enhance its hardness and surface modification. The N ion dosage was 1×10<SUP>15</SUP> ions/cm<SUP>2</SUP>. All analysis results of the ion implanted stent were compared with those of bare metal stent. The N component and distribution were confirmed by auger electron spectroscopy. Microhardness was significantly increased after 40min of implantation (415.3±12.38 HV, 18.9±2.62%). The surface was altered to hydrophobic status through ion implantation (30.6±1.12% in contact angle increment). Platelet adhesion, and smooth muscle cell migration and proliferation were prevented in the ion implanted group (43.9%, 11.2%, and 45.1%, respectively). To verify the in vitro result, stents were implanted to rabbit iliac artery and isolated at 4 weeks post implantation. Then, the stents were subjected to histological analysis. No significant differences in injury score, internal elastic lamina, lumen area, and restenosis rate were found. However, the fibrin score was more significantly decreased in the ion beam-implanted group (2.5±0.15) than in the bare metal stent group (1.8±0.31, <I>n</I> =10, <I>p</I> <I><</I> 0.05). Taken together, ion beam implantation may be an efficient accessorial tool for preventing in-stent restenosis and in-stent thrombosis.</P>

가정간호대상자와 입원간호대상자의 간호만족도 및 간호사이미지 비교

용진선,한성숙,유인자,홍현자,Yong, Jin-Sun,Han, Sung-Suk,Yoo, In-Ja,Hong, Hyun-Ja 한국가정간호학회 2002 가정간호학회지 Vol.9 No.1

The purpose of the study was to compare both the nursing care satisfaction and the image of nurses as experienced by home health care clients and hospitalized clients. For the descriptive survey study. data were collected from 69 home heath care clients and 342 in-patients in a university hospital. The tools used for the study were modified by Quality Patient Care Scale(Wandelt & Ager. 1974) and Image of Nurses (송인자, 1993). The data were analyzed using Pearson Correlation. Scheffe test. factor analysis. t-test. and ANOVA. The major findings were as follows: Regarding nursing care satisfaction, the mean score of total nursing care satisfaction in home health care clients was 3.28 out of 4.0. Among five domains, the domain with the highest score was the psychosocial domain, followed by the general. the professional. the physical. and the communication domain. The level of nursing care satisfaction was not significantly different according to demographic variables except for age: the age group of 41-60 showed the highest score (p<0.05). The mean score of total nursing care satisfaction in hospitalized clients was 2.95 out of 4.0. Among five domains, the domain with the highest score was the psychosocial domain, followed by the physical and the communication. the professional. and the general domain. The level of nursing care satisfaction was not significantly different according to demographic variables except age: the higher the age the higher the score (p<0.05). The levels of nursing care satisfaction in all five domains were significantly higher in home health care clients than in hospitalized clients(p=0.0005). Regarding image of nurses, the mean score of total image of nurses in home health care clients was 3.32 out of 4.0. Among four domains, the domain with the highest score was the sincerity domain, followed by the kindness. the spirit. and the knowledge and skill domain. The level of image of nurses was not significantly different according to demographic variables. The mean score of total image of nurses in hospitalized clients was 3.05 out of 4.0. Among four domains. the domain with the highest score was the sincerity domain, followed by the kindness, the knowledge and skill, and the spirit domain. The level of image of nurses was not significantly different according to demographic variables. The levels of image of nurses in all four domains were significantly higher in home health care clients than in hospitalized clients (p=0.001). Both the levels of nursing care satisfaction and image of nurses, part of an evaluation for quality of nursing care were significantly higher in home health care clients than in hospitalized clients. In light of the findings, we could consider that home health care nurses provided client-centered comprehensive nursing care. However, nurses need to have methods that more promote the social recognition of the image of nurses and nursing care services as well as professional knowledge and skills.

순산소 순환유동층에서 로내 탈황 및 탈질법 적용에 따른 오염물질 거동특성

최경구(Gyung-Goo Choi),나건수(Geon-Soo Na),신지훈(Ji-Hoon Shin),길상인(Sang-In Keel),이정규(Jung-Kyu Lee),허필우(Pil-Woo Heo),윤진한(Jin-Han Yun) 한국청정기술학회 2018 청정기술 Vol.24 No.3

HBS-SWMC 환경에서의 전환장치 설계 및 검증에 관한 연구

김종섭(Chong-sup Kim),조인제(In-je Cho),안종민(Jong-min Ahn),이동규(Dong-kyu Lee),박상선(Sang-seon Park),박성한(Sung-han Park) 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어·로봇·시스템학회 논문지 Vol.14 No.7

Although non-real time simulation and pilot based evaluations are available for the development of flight control computer prior to real flight tests, there are still many risky factors. The control law designed for prototype aircraft often leads to degraded performance from the initial design objectives, therefore, the proper evaluation methods should be applied such that flight control law designed can be verified in real flight environment. The one proposed in this paper is IFS(In-Flight Simulator). Currently, this system has been implemented into the F-18 HARV(High Angle of Attack Research Vehicle), SU-27 and F-16 VISTA(Variable stability In flight Simulation Test Aircraft) programs. This paper addresses the concept of switching mechanism for FLCC(Flight Control Computer)-SWMC(Switching Mechanism Computer) using 1553B communication based on flight control law of advanced supersonic trainer. And, the fader logic of TFS(Transient Free Switch) and stand-by mode of reset ‘0’ type are designed to reduce abrupt transient and minimize the integrator effect in pitch axis control law. It hans been turned out from the pilot evaluation in real time that the aircraft is controllable during the inter-conversion process through the flight control computer, and level I handling qualities are guaranteed. In addition, flight safety is maintained with an acceptable transient response during aggressive maneuver performed in severe flight conditions.