초등학생의 친환경 행동 인식과 실천에 관한 조사

정철(Cheong, Cheol1),권혁재(Kwon, Hyeokjae),권난주(Kwon Nanjoo) 한국환경교육학회 2013 環境 敎育 Vol.26 No.4

In this study, using a questionnaire designed to test perception and practice of pro-environmental behavior, we researched the fifth-graders, who had finished more than 60 hours of environmental education for three years. We classified the pro-environmental behavior into sixteen subcategories, such as living environment, garbage, energy, transportation, etc. and analyzed them. The analysis showed that elementary school students are mainly aware of living environment and garbage realms like environmental cleanup, recycling, and to build a green forest. However, they could not recall the energy realm easily. Besides, it was revealed that the more students are aware of the pro-environmental behavior, the better they practice it. Thus, we insist that the energy realm should be educated with familiar topics for the students. And education for sustainable development (ESD) and sustainable environmental education for the future needs a new curriculum, which can help students to be aware of pro-environmental behavior clearly.

치과용 인상재의 발열반응에 관한 비교연구

정동균,김관식,이용근,김철위 大韓齒科器材學會 1990 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.17 No.1

The purpose of this was to measure the temperature rise during gelation of representative seventeen commercially avaliable dental alginate impression materials(AL AG AA CC CA CAC JT KG KA PF PG SP TF TN XT ZG) and four elastomeric impression materials(PL OF DE PV) used in Korea. These tests were performed with a thermistor using physiograph (MKIV, Narco Biosystem). The peak temperature of the exothermic reactions of elastomeric impression materials were recorded as the mean of five measurements for each specimens. From the experiments, the following conclusions can be drawn: 1. It is obvious that the peak temperature rise of alginate impression materials was attained between 0.1±0.1℃ and 1.8±0.1℃ respectively. 2. The results indicate that the peak temperature of the exothermic reactions of silicone impression materials was less than that of polysulfide impression materials. 3. The results show that the time to reach maximum temperature of polysulfide impression materials was more lately than that of others.

진양호 습지의 식생구조와 환경요인

이정아,김철수,이정환,오경환 경상대학교 환경보전연구소 1998 環境保全硏究所報 Vol.6 No.1

The flora, vegetation structure and distribution of the vascular hydrophytes and hygrophytes, physico-chemical properties of sediment, and correlations with the environmental factors were investigated in the nine wetlands of the Chinyang-Lake, Chinju-city, Kyoˇngsangnam-do, Korea from June to November in 1996 to predict the changes of wetland ecosystem and to furnish the basic data for the counterplan to set up a measure for the conservation of the wetland due to the reinforcement of Namgang-Dam. 1. The flora of the study area was composed of 70 families, 176 genera, 245 species, 1 subspecies, 35 varieties and 2 form or total 283 kinds of the vascular hydrophytes and hygorphytes. The life forms of the vascular hydrophytes were classified as 23 kinds of emergent plants, 4 kinds of floating-leaved plants, 3 kinds of free-floating plants, and 8 kinds of submersed plants, respectively. 2. The importance values of Persicaria hydropiper was 5.94 and those of Polypogon fugax, Bidens frondosa, Salix glandulosa, Miscanthus sacchariflorus, Aneilema keisak and Eleocharis mamillata var. cyclocarpa were 5.47, 5.13, 4.93, 4.80, 4.35, and 4.18, respectively. The dominant species of sandbar, littorial zone and old field were Miscanthus sacchariflorus, Persicaria thunbergii, Echinochloa crus-galli var. frumentacea, respectively, and their importance values were 10.11, 8.48, and 16.34, respectively. 3. The ranges of species diversity indices (H') were 1.412∼1.930. It was highest in site I which was old field. The ranges of eqitability were 0.736∼0.934, and highest in the C site, which was the sandbar, and the ranges of community similarity indices (CC_s) were 0.293∼0.658 among the nine wetlands, and highest between B site and C site, which were sandbar. 4. The ranges of sediment properties such as pH, conductivity, organic matter, available phosphorus, and total nitrogen were 5.15∼6.33, 11.80∼42.83 ㎛ho㎝^-1, 1.59∼6.37%, 0.07∼0.17 ㎎/100g, and 0.03∼0.14%, respectively, Among these factors, conductivity and total nitrogen were highest in the sandbar as 23.85∼42.83 ㎛ho㎝^-1 and 0.03∼0.14%, organic matter was highest in the littoral zone as 3.23∼6.37%, and pH was highest in the disturbed area as 6.03∼6.33, respectively. 5. Percentage of the particle size for clay, silt, and sand were 2.00∼15.00%, 16.07∼59.33%, and 28.67∼78.33%, respectively. Content of sand and silt were same in the sandbar and littoral zone, but sand was high and silt was low in the disturbed area. 6. Among sediment factors, conductivity showed positive correlation with organic matter and total nitrogen. Organic matter also showed positive correlation with clay content. The pH showed negative correlation with conductivity, organic matter, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, and clay content, respectively. Content of clay showed positive correlation with silt, and sand showed negative correlation with clay and silt, respectively. 7. It was recommended that planting of willows is necessary to prevent the soil erosion and to offer the desirable landscape as soil stability is owed to them in the wetland ecosystem. The establishment of the nature reserve area is also considered to ensure the habitat for the animals and to maintain the diversity of the vascular hydrophytes and hygrophytes.

PAI의 SCZ 척도에 대한 확인적 요인분석

이정화,오상우,박민철 圓光大學校 醫科學硏究所 2004 圓光醫科學 Vol.19 No.2

국소마취하에 시행한 항문 양성 질환의 외래 수술에 관한 고찰

김병철,박상헌,김정용 조선대학교 2000 The Medical Journal of Chosun University Vol.25 No.2

Purpose : Benign anal disease has been operated in the ambulatory surgical unit. This is the clinical analysis of benign anal disease in the outpatient clinic. Materials ðod : The clinical and statistical observation of 88 patients with anal disease were made, who had been operated at the outpatient clinic of the department of surgery, Chosun University Hospital from September 1998 to August 1999. Hemorrhoids(below third degree of internal hemorrhoid and external hemorrhoid), anal fistulas, anal fissures, and perianal abscess, anal polyps, skin tags were opreated. The operation methods were band ligation, semiclosed hemorrhoidectomy, lateral internal sphincterotomy, fistulotomy, incision and drainage, excision. Local anesthesia by 1% Lidocaine 20ml with 20ml 0.5% bupivacaine of pudendal nerve block were used at the time of opreation in all cases. No premedication and preanesthetic agents were used. Bowel prereration has not been done in all cases. Results : The most common disease was hemorrhoid. The peak incidence was the age group of 40-49years(23%) and the male to female ratio was 1.25:1. The most frequently used operative method was hemorrhoidectomy and band ligation(27%). The most common complication was post-operative pain (40%). The main benefit of out-patient surgery is the possibility of recovery at home, which is more compatible, and cost effective. Conclusion : The ambulatory anorectal surgery under local anesthesia is safe and effective method, with the additional advantage of the cost-saving and increase of available beds for the patients with more complex surgery.

긴 관동맥병변에서 긴 스텐트삽입에 대한 임상경과 및 재협착율

김영학,박성욱,정상식,박훈기,이상곤,이일수,이철환,김재중,홍명기,박승정 대한순환기학회 1998 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.28 No.6

海洋微生物에 의한 高濃度鹽分含有 廢水處理의 基礎硏究 (Ⅰ)

尹星閏,河淸根,李泰永,張哲鉉,朴勝祚 동아대학교 환경문제연구소 1989 硏究報告 Vol.12 No.1

This study considered organic matter decomposition by ocenic microbes as researching organic matter decomposition on kinetics which is in salinity wastewater under condition that the salinity contains 18,000㎎/l Cℓ^(-) The results of this study are obtained as following : 1. Oceanic microbe of this study is yeast, R. glutinis var. salinaria of marina of Rhodotorula genuses. 2. When retention time of filter bed in Bio-coal tower is 24 hr, 1/2V_(max) is 33.75㎎/l·hr, When 72hr, 1/2V_(max) is 15㎎/l·hr, When 120hr, 1/2V_(max) is 10㎎/l·hr. 3. The reaction between oceanic microbes and organic matter is said to be first order and when contact time of filter bed is 2.0hr, k is 0.40 day^(-1).

2003년 국내 중증급성호흡기증후군 진료 현황 및 문제점 분석

이진수,김은실,정문현,백제중,정선화,안주희,최영화,이선희,고철우,김성범,김민자,박승철,기현균,송재훈,최상호,김양수,이상오,조용균,박영훈,정숙인,김연숙,이흥범,손창희,장성희,정희진,김우주 대한감염학회 2004 감염과 화학요법 Vol.36 No.3

목적 : 2002년 말 중국에서 SARS가 발생한 이후 국내에서도 2003년 10월까지 총 3명의 추정환자, 17명의 의심환자가 보고되었다. 향후 추가적인 SARS의 유행이 우려되는 상황에서, 그간의 SARS 환자 진료에 있어서의 실질적인 준비사항, 진료 현황 등에 대한 조사를 통해 문제점을 파악하여, 향후 더 나은 대비가 될 수 있도록 개선점을 제시하고자 하였다. 재료 및 방법 : SARS로 의심되는 환자를 진료 경험이 있는 병원의료진을 대상으로 2003년 10월에 설문조사를 실시하였다. 설문에는 SARS 환자 진료 시의 실질적인 조치, 진료 현황, 병실, 응급실 및 외래에서의 격리 시설과 준비사항, 보건당국의 관리와 지원에 관한 사항을 포함하였다. 결과 : 대상이 되는 22개 병원 중 17개(17/22, 77.2%) 병원이 설문에 응하였다. SARS 환자를 위한 격리실은 응급실, 외래, 일반병실 및 중환자실에서 각각 9개(9/17, 52.9%), 5개(5/17, 29.4%), 15개(15/16, 93.7%), 4개(4/16, 25%) 병원에서 음압처리가 되어있지 않은 일인실 혹은 다인실이 사용되었고, 1개(1/16, 6.3%) 병원에서만 일반병실에서 음압격리실이 운영되었다. 입원환자의 진찰 시 개인보호구의 착용은 거의 모든 의료기관에서 이루어졌다. 보건당국에서 SARS지정병원의 시설 등을 사전에 확인한 곳은 1곳(1/12, 8.3%)이였고, 14개 병원(14/15, 93.3%)에서는 보건당국에 의뢰한 검사결과를 통하 받지 못하였다. 결론 : 의료기관에서 SARS 환자용 격리실뿐만 아니라 기존의 격리실 설비 등이 미흡하였으며, 특히 중환자실 및 외래의 준비가 더욱 부족하였다. 보건당국의 의료기관에 대한 종합적인 지원이 부족하였고, 병원과의 원활한 연계가 잘 이루어지지 않았다. SARS 만이 아닌 격리를 필요로 하는 질환의 적절한 진료를 위해 향후 병원 시설의 정비와 정부차원에서의 보다 구체적이고 실질적인 대책마련이 필요하다. Background : There was an worldwide outbreak of the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) originated from China in late 2002. During that period three cases of suspected SARS and 17 cases of probable SARS were reported in Korea. With the concerns about the reemergence of SARS-coV transmission, it is important to be prepared for any possibility. So, this study is aimed to analysis the past measures in managing SARS and propose the amendatory plans to improve the preparedness. Materials & Methods : Questionnaires were collected among clinicians with any experience in managing the probable or suspected SARS cases in Oct. 2003. 17 out of 22 hospitals responded to the questionnaire. The contents in the questionnaire were practical activities, personal equipments, response plans, isolation facilities in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards and intensive care units, and relationship with the public health department. Results : The dedicated isolation rooms in emergency centers, outpatient clinics, general wards, and intensive care units were prepared in 9 (9/17, 52.9%), 5 (5/17, 29.4%), 15 (15/16, 93.7%), and 4 (4/16, 25.0%) hospitals, respectively. Except for one hospital that newly made negative pressure room for SARS, single or multi-bed rooms without airborne infection control were used in all the other hospitals. The personal precaution principles were kept quite well in general wards. Before the designation of SARS hospital by the public health department prior evalution to see if the hospital was suitable for managing SARS was conducted in only 1 (1/12, 8.3%) hospital. The results of laboratory diagnosis were reported back in 1 (1/15, 6.6%) hospital. Conclusions : The isolation facilities which can control airborne infection were almost deficient not only for SARS but also for other respiratory transmissible diseases. For the infection control of transmissible diseases including SARS, more investment is needed on medical facilities and comprehensive support from the public health department required.

BWMK1, a Rice Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase, Locates in the Nucleus and Mediates Pathogenesis-Related Gene Expression by Activation of a Transcription Factor

Cheong, Yong-Hwa,Moon, Byeong-Cheol,Kim, Jong-Kyong,Kim, Cha-Young,Kim, Min-Chul,Kim, Ihn-Hyoung,Park, Chan-Young,Kim, Jong-Cheol,Park, Byung-Ouk,Koo, Seong-Cheol,Yoon, Hae-Won,Chung, Woo-Sik,Lim, Cha Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research 2003 Plant molecular biology and biotechnology research Vol.2003 No.-

Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are known to transduce plant defense signals, but the downstream components of the MAPK have as yet not been elucidated. Here, we report an MAPK from rice (Oryza sativa), BWMK1, and a transcription factor, OsEREBP1, phosphorylated by the kinase. The MAPK carries a TDY phosphorylation motif instead of the more common TEY motif in its kinase domain and has an unusually extended C-terminal domain that is essential to its kinase activity and translocation to the nucleus. The MAPK phosphorylates OsEREBP1 that binds to the GCC box element (AGCCGCC) of the several basic pathogenesis-related gene promoters, which in turn enhances DNA-binding activity of the factor to the cis element in vitro. Transient co-expression of the BWMK1 and OsEREBP1 in Arabidopsis protoplasts elevates the expression of the β-glucuronidase reporter gene driven by the GCC box element. Furthermore, transgenic tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants overexpressing BWMK1 expressed many pathogenesis-related genes at higher levels than wild-type plants with an enhanced resistance to pathogens. These findings suggest that MAPKs contribute to plant defense signal transduction by phosphorylating one or more transcription factors.

Computation of Aeolian Tones from Twin-Cylinders Using Immersed Surface Dipole Sources

Cheong, Cheol-Ung,Ryu, Je-Wook,Lee, Soo-Gab The Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers 2006 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.20 No.12

Efficient numerical method is developed for the prediction of aerodynamic noise generation and propagation in low Mach number flows such as aeolian tone noise. The proposed numerical method is based on acoustic/viscous splitting techniques of which acoustic solvers use simplified linearised Euler equations, full linearised Euler equations and nonlinear perturbation equations as acoustic governing equations. All of acoustic equations are forced with immersed surface dipole model which is developed for the efficient computation of aerodynamic noise generation and propagation in low Mach number flows in which dipole source, originating from unsteady pressure fluctuation on a solid surface, is known to be more efficient than quadrupole sources. Multi-scale overset grid technique is also utilized to resolve the complex geometries. Initially, aeolian tone from single cylinder is considered to examine the effects that the immersed surface dipole models combined with the different acoustic governing equations have on the overall accuracy of the method. Then, the current numerical method is applied to the simulation of the aeolian tones from twin cylinders aligned perpendicularly to the mean flow and separated 3 diameters between their centers. In this configuration, symmetric vortices are shed from twin cylinders, which leads to the anti-phase of the lift dipoles and the in-phase of the drag dipoles. Due to these phase differences, the directivity of the fluctuating pressure from the lift dipoles shows the comparable magnitude with that from the drag dipoles at 10 diameters apart from the origin. However, the directivity at 100 diameters shows that the lift-dipole originated noise has larger magnitude than, but still comparable to, that of the drag-dipole one. Comparison of the numerical results with and without mean flow effects on the acoustic wave emphasizes the effects of the sheared background flows around the cylinders on the propagating acoustic waves, which is not generally considered by the classic acoustic analogy methods. Through the comparison of the results using the immersed surface dipole models with those using point sources, it is demonstrated that the current methods can allow for the complex interactions between the acoustic wave and the solid wall and the effects of the mean flow on the acoustic waves.