http://chineseinput.net/에서 pinyin(병음)방식으로 중국어를 변환할 수 있습니다.
변환된 중국어를 복사하여 사용하시면 됩니다.
Ibrar Hussain 한국물리학회 2014 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.65 No.6
The energy content of the Lee-Kim-Myung slowly-rotating black hole (Lee et al., Eur. Phys. J. C70, 361 (2010)), in the Horava-Lifshitz (HL) theory of gravity is investigated by using approximateLie symmetry methods for differential equations. The energy of this slowly-rotating black hole inthe HL gravity is found to be is rescaled by a r-dependent factor. From the rescaling of energy,the rotation is observed to be added to the mass of the black hole, and this effect decreases withincreasing coordinate r. This expression of energy rescaling reduces to the Schwarzschild mass forthe limits in which the Lee-Kim-Myung slowly rotating black hole solution in the HL gravity reducesto the Schwarzschild solution in general relativity.
GENERALIZED BIPOLAR FUZZY INTERIOR IDEALS IN ORDERED SEMIGROUPS
Ibrar, Muhammad,Khan, Asghar,Abbas, Fatima The Honam Mathematical Society 2019 호남수학학술지 Vol.41 No.2
This research focuses on the characterization of an ordered semigroups (OS) in the frame work of generalized bipolar fuzzy interior ideals (BFII). Different classes namely regular, intra-regular, simple and semi-simple ordered semigroups were characterized in term of $({\alpha},{\beta})$-BFII (resp $({\alpha},{\beta})$-bipolar fuzzy ideals (BFI)). It has been proved that the notion of $({\in},{\in}{\gamma}q)$-BFII and $({\in},{\in}{\gamma}q)$-BFI overlap in semi-simple, regular and intra-regular ordered semigroups. The upper and lower part of $({\in},{\in}{\gamma}q)$-BFII are discussed.
Generalized bipolar fuzzy interior ideals in ordered semigroups
Muhammad Ibrar,Asghar Khan,Fatima Abbas 호남수학회 2019 호남수학학술지 Vol.41 No.2
This research focuses on the characterization of an ordered semigroups (OS) in the frame work of generalized bipolar fuzzy interior ideals (BFII). Different classes namely regular, intra-regular, simple and semi-simple ordered semigroups were characterized in term of $(\alpha,\beta )$-BFII (resp. $(\alpha,\beta)$-bipolar fuzzy ideals (BFI)). It has been proved that the notion of $(\in,\in \curlyvee$q$)$-BFII and $(\in,\in \curlyvee$q$)$-BFI overlap in semi-simple, regular and intra-regular ordered semigroups. The upper and lower part of $(\in,\in \curlyvee$q$)$-BFII are discussed.
Fuzzy Parameterized Bipolar Fuzzy Soft Expert Set and Its Application in Decision Making
Muhammad Ibrar,Asghar Khan,Sajjad Khan,Fatima Abbas 한국지능시스템학회 2019 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of FUZZY LOGIC and INTELLIGE Vol.19 No.4
In this paper, we present the study of fuzzy parameterized bipolar fuzzy soft expert sets and define some of its basic operations. We validated the basic properties and essential laws related to this methodology. Lastly, we presented some possible applications in decision-making problems using a generalized algorithm.
Effects of Vegetative and Flowering Stages on the Biosynthesis of Artemisinin in Artemisia Species
Abdul Mannan,Ibrar Ahmed,Waheed Arshad,Izhar Hussain,Bushra Mirza 대한약학회 2011 Archives of Pharmacal Research Vol.34 No.10
Artemisinin is an endoperoxide sesquiterpene lactone, and has been proven to be very effective in treating drug resistant cases of malaria, cancer, etc. The compound is obtained from Artemisia species. In the current study, the effects of vegetative and flowering stages on artemisinin production were studied, to determine the proper harvesting time of naturally growing Artemisia species with the highest levels of artemisinin. Eight Artemisia species along with two varieties were selected for this analytical work. The results showed that artemisinin content was high in the leaves of Artemisia indica, A. sieversiana, A. roxburghiana var. roxburghiana, A. roxburghiana var. gratae, and A. parviflora at the flowering stage. The highest artemisinin content was measured in the leaves of A. dracunculus var. dracunculus. Upon comparisons of artemisinin content among the individual plant species, the highest amount of artemisinin was again in A. dracunculus var. dracunculus followed by A. sieversiana when harvested at the flowering stage. In overall comparisons, the plants at the flowering stage showed high levels of artemisinin, which is deemed the optimum harvesting time of Artemisia species in Pakistan for maximum artemisinin content.
Lalina Maroof,Ibrar Khan,Han Sang Yoo,Suji Kim,Hong-Tae Park,Bashir Ahmad,Sadiq Azam 대한환경공학회 2021 Environmental Engineering Research Vol.26 No.3
The current study focused on an environment friendly method for degradation of Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) using bacteria. A total of 36 bacterial strains were isolated from waste disposal sites in which six strains showed potential biodegradation activities. In this study, we reported 2 new strains i.e. Bacillus siamensis and Bacillus wiedmannii for LDPE degradation. The percent weight loss of LDPE films for isolates was; B. siamensis (8.46 ± 0.3%), B. cereus (6.33 ± 0.2%), B. wiedmannii (5.39 ± 0.3%), B. subtilis (3.75 ± 0.1%), P. aeruginosa (1.15 ± 0.1%) and A. iwoffii (0.76 ± 0.1%) after 90 d of incubation. The LDPE films showed slight surface disruption as observed in Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (FE-SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) showed formation of typical carbonyl peaks which were markedly reduced after incubation as measured by carbonyl index. The X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis presented an increase in percent crystallinity and there was no apparent change in total carbon percentage. Different genes responsible for degradation of LDPE like Laccase (167 bp), Alk1 (330 bp) and Alk2 (185 bp) were identified in bacterial isolates and further sequenced. The low degradation values in this study indicate that LDPE degradation is a slow, continuous and time dependent process.
Channel Clustering and QoS Level Identification Scheme for Multi-Channel Cognitive Radio Networks
Ali, Amjad,Yaqoob, Ibrar,Ahmed, Ejaz,Imran, Muhammad,Kwak, Kyung Sup,Ahmad, Adnan,Hussain, Syed Asad,Ali, Zulfiqar IEEE 2018 IEEE communications magazine Vol.56 No.4
<P>The increasing popularity of wireless services and devices necessitates high bandwidth requirements; however, spectrum resources are not only limited but also heavily underutilized. Multiple license channels that support the same levels of QoS are desirable to resolve the problems posed by the scarcity and inefficient use of spectrum resources in multi-channel cognitive radio networks (MCRNs). One reason is that multimedia services and applications have distinct, stringent QoS requirements. However, due to a lack of coordination between primary and secondary users, identifying the QoS levels supported over available licensed channels has proven to be problematic and has yet to be attempted. This article presents a novel Bayesian non-parametric channel clustering scheme, which identifies the QoS levels supported over available license channels. The proposed scheme employs the infinite Gaussian mixture model and collapsed Gibbs sampler to identify the QoS levels from the feature space of the bit rate, packet delivery ratio, and packet delay variation of licensed channels. Moreover, the real measurements of wireless data traces and comparisons with baseline clustering schemes are used to evaluate the performance of the proposed scheme.</P>