한국비서자격시험의 개선점과 비교연구

남자현,이미정,이미영,이아영,정해금,최유정,이미숙,전인선,정혜림 이화여자대학교 법정대학 비서학과 1997 비서학연구 Vol.- No.17

간호실무에서 신봉이론(Espoused theories)에 대한 탐색적 연구

서문자,김혜숙,이은희,박영숙,조경숙,강현숙,임난영,김주현,이소우,조복희,이명하,지성애,하양숙,손영희,권성복,김희진,추진아 성인간호학회 2001 성인간호학회지 Vol.13 No.1

As a nursing practice involves nurses' actions in a specific context of health care, this study has focused on exploring the espoused theories in nursing practice within the action science perspectives, Espoused theories are the belief, principles, and rationale expressed by the practitioner as guiding her/his actions in a situation of practice. The data were analysed qualitatively and 25 elements of espoused theories of nursing action were identified and clustered into 6 categories. The 25 elements of espoused theories are as follows: The clinical nurse worked in wholistic and individual nursing, focussed on the patient's needed, comfort and supportive nursing (5 theories of nursing goal) ; excellent skills, knowledge based, assessment and data collection, explaining, educating or a scientific basis(6 theories of nursing intervention): advocacy, value oriented, treatment, account- ability and commitment(4 theories of nursing ethics) ; human respect. partnership, trust(3 theories of patient-nurse relationship) : knowledgable, accumulated clinical experiences and personally lived experiences. positive perspectives(4 theories of nurse), role of intervention. rewarding peer relationship(3 theories of situations) The above mentioned espoused theories are similar to that of nursing textbooks which students learned through basic nursing education and almost the same as the Acts ofa Nurse in Korean. However, we are doubtful whether nurses actually do as they think. Therefore. it is recommended to review the theories-in-use in order to and any discrepancies between the espoused theories and the reality of nursing actions

The Linguistic Roots of Korean Traditional Food and Food Ingredients in Hunmong- ja-whae and the Development of Its Application System

Hye Jeong Yang,Kyung Rhan Chung,Hyun Ju Lee,Ahe ryung Yu,Hyun In Oh,HoMoon Seog,Dae Young Kwon,So-ri Lee,Dai-Ja Jang 한국콘텐츠학회 2011 한국콘텐츠학회 ICCC 논문집 Vol.- No.-

레이온회사 퇴직근로자에서 이황화탄소에 의한 건강영향평가 : 직업병 인정여부에 따른 자각증상과 관련 요인 Subjective Symptoms and Related Factors According to Compensation for CS_2 Poisoning

이경재,김주자,최현림,양길승,김호,임상혁,이윤근 大韓産業醫學會 2003 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.15 No.2

목적: 이 연구는 이황화탄소 취급 사업장에서 근무한 경력이 있는 퇴직 근로자들을 대상으로 이황화탄소에 의한 건강영향을 조사함으로써, 이황화탄소 노출 후의 건강영향 파악 및 이황화탄소 노출 근로자에 대한 건강관리 기준 마련 등에 중요한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 방법: 이 연구는 우리나라 모 레이온회사에 근무한 경력이 있는 퇴직 근로자 중에서 1998년 12월까지 직업병 여부를 확인하기 위해 건강진단을 신청한 1,702명 중에서 이미 사망한 40명을 제외한 1,662명을 대상으로 하여 이 연구 목적에 대한 설명문을 우편으로 발송하여 참여 의사를 밝힌 258명을 면접대상으로 하여 최종적으로 177명을 분석 대상으로 하였다. 결과: 연구대상자는 남자가 147명, 여자가 30명이었고, 평균 연령은 55.4세이고 입사시 연령은 29.1세였다. 근무부서별로는 고폭로부서에 근무한 군이 156명으로 88%를 차지하였으며, 인정받은 군이 103명(58.2%), 받지 못한 군이 74명(41.2%)이었다. 평균 총폭로지수는 38.96(±31.18)이었고, 인정받은 군에서 받지 못한 군 보다 유의하게 높았고 (p=0.000). 고폭로부서군에서 저폭로부서군보다 높게 나타났다(p=0.000). 퇴사전후 시간에 따른 호소 증상들을 분석한 결과, 퇴사전후 시간 흐름에 따라 호소하는 증상들이 차이는 있지만 호소하는 증상들이 퇴사전과 퇴사후 5년 이내에 비해 퇴사후 5~10년인 경우에는 인정받은 군과 받지 못한 군 간에 유의한 차이를 보이는 호소 증상들이 적어지는 경향을 보였다. 그러나 퇴사 10년 이상인 경우에는 퇴사후 5~10년 이내에 비해 오히려 호소하는 증상들은 많아진 반면, 인정받은 군보다 받지 못한 군에서 유의하게 높았다. 따라서 이는 퇴사후 10년 이상이 되면 그 이전 기간에 비해서 호소하는 증상들은 직업병 인정에 올바른 영향을 미치지 않을 수도 있다고 생각되고 이러한 결과에 영향을 미칠 수 있는 여러 가지 요인들을 생각해 볼 필요가 있다고 생각된다. 인정받은 군에 대해서 직업병 인정시점을 기준으로 인정전후에 호소 증상의 변화를 비교한 결과, 대부분 직업병 인정전에 비해 인정후에 호소하는 증상이 감소하는 경향을 보이고 있어 직업병 인정후에 의료기관으로부터 증상관리가 이루어지는 것이 증상호소를 줄이는 데 기여한 것으로 생각되며 이밖에도 직업병 인정으로 인한 심리적인 보상도 영향을 미칠 수 있을 것으로 생각된다. 직업병 인정여부에 영향을 주는 요인에 관하여 분석한 결과, 총폭로지수와 퇴사후 최종 건강진단을 받을 때까지의 시기가 유의한 요인으로 나타났으며, 퇴사후 직업병 인정을 받을 때까지의 시간에 대한 Cox의 비례위험 회귀분석을 한 결과, 총폭로지수와 입사연령, 고폭로부서의 근무여부가 의미있는 요인으로 나타났다. 결론: 이 연구를 통하여 이황화탄소 취급 사업장에서 근무한 퇴직 근로자들을 대상으로 직업병 인정에 따른 호소 증상을 분석하고 직업병 인정에 영향을 주는 요인을 분석해 봄으로써 이황화탄소 노출에 의한 건강영향을 파악하고 폭로 이후의 증상변화를 예측 관리할 수 있는 자료를 마련하고자 하였으며 이는 이황화탄소 노출 근로자들에 대한 건강관리에 기초자료로 의미를 가질 것으로 생각된다. Objectives: To investigate the chronological subjective symptoms and related factors in exworkers who were occupationally exposed to Carbon disulfide. Methods: One hundred and seventy-seven subjects(147 males and 30 females) were randomly selected among ex-workers and interviewed by well trained doctors, who filled out a structured questionnaire developed by authors on the subjective symptoms. The questionnaire was composed of symptoms in the head and neck, and those of the neuro-psychological, respiratory, endocrine, musculoskeletal, and reproductive systems. Other factors such as general and occupational characteristics including work department, work duration, duration since cessation of exposure, and compensation for occupational disease were also investigated. Results: The mean subject age was 55.4 years. The mean cumulative exposure index (CEI) was 38.96±31.18. CEI was significantly higher in the compensated group(47.61±32.51) than in the non-compensated group(26.81±24.75)(p=0.000). Symptom complaints were significantly higher in the compensated group in all organ systems, and their incidence increased gradually until 10 years after cessation of work, and then decreased. The mean duration for cessation of exposure at the time of compensation was 10.97 years. The significantly different factors between the compensated group and the non-compensated group were total cumulative exposure index and the time interval between the cessation of work and the time of compensation. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that total cumulative exposure index and the time interval between the cessation of work and the time of compensation may be important factors affecting the compensation for occupational disease. Therefore, further studies will be necessary.

우측 대장에 발생한 연소성 용종 1예

이준식,박성한,홍현진,안광순,김지연,배용목,이은영,박선자 고신대학교의과대학 2007 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.22 No.2

Juvenile polyp, also known as a retention polyp because they contain mucin cysts, is a relatively common hamartomatous lesion in chlidhood. It occurs in 1-2% of children and young adults; however it is uncommon in adulthood. Juvenile polyp is rare in the first year of life and is thus presumed to be acquired and not congenital. It is pedunculated, 2-3 cm in size, red-tan in colour, smooth and always shows fluid filled cystic spaces on cut surface. Histologically, Juvenile polyps are hamartomatous with distended, mucus-filled glands, often with cystic dilatation and edematous lamina propria containing abundant vasculature. The most common manifestation is rectal bleeding produced by auto-amputation of the polyp. Juvenile polyp has been considered not to be at increased risk of developing carcinoma. However, atypical epithelium is observed in some lesions, especially in larger polyps, which may give rise to adenoma and subsequent malignant transformation. Therefore the diagnosis of solitary juvenile polyp should not be made only with colonoscopy and biopsy, but should be totally resected endoscopically for pathologic evaluation. About 90% of the lesions are solitary and localized within 20cm from anal verge. In Korea, there are some reports of juvenile polyps located in the rectosigmoid colon. We report one case of juvenile polyp in adolescent that presented as a hematochezia & abdominal pain, which is located at right colon.

체외충격파 쇄석술 시행 후 5년 뒤 발생한 요관 협착 및 농신장 1예

이현승,권균홍,조용건,김봉진,임창섭,김자영,허동,임학 고신대학교의과대학 2008 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.23 No.4

A 40-years-old woman was admitted to this hospital with flank pain and high grade fever for 2 weeks. As a matter of her past history, extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) was performed for treatment of renal stones 5 years ago. Her abdominal CT findings were hydronephrosis with pyonephrosis and renal stones. Antibiotics administered for 5 days had no effects on her symptom improvement. A right ureteral stricture was noticed by ultrasonography follow up. We inserted double J stent and continued antibiotics therapy for 10 days, and then her fever was disappeared and flank pain was improved. ESWL is one of the most important treatment of renal and ureteral stone. However, its complications should not be negligible including bleeding, pain, ureteral obstruction, infection and so on. Complications of ESWL can be divided into acute and chronic courses. When we treat pyelonephritis patient with past history of ESWL, possibility of ureteral stricture must also be considered. In this study we report a case of pyelonephritis caused by ureteral stricture, possibly as a chronic complication of ESWL performed 5 years earlier

菌株를 달리한 청국장의 製造에 關한 硏究(第1報) : 청국장메주 醱酵過程中의 成分과 酵素力

이현자,서정숙 韓國營養學會 1981 Journal of Nutrition and Health Vol.14 No.2

Bacillus natto 및 Bacillus subtilis 菌을 利用한 청국장메주 製造와 在來式方法에 依한 청국장메주 醱酵過程中의 成分과 酵素力을 比較檢討한 結果는 다음과 같다. 1) 發酵初期의 品溫이 50-55℃였으나 12時間後에 B. natto 와 B. subtilis 區는 48-52℃였고 在來式區는 40℃였다. 72時間頃에는 41-4℃로 試驗區에 따라서 品溫의 低下가 심하였다 . 2) ethyl alcohol과 還元糖은 12 時間頃에 最大値을 나타낸후에 滅少하는 경향이었으며 試驗區間의 差異는 거의 없었다. 3) pH 는 試驗區 모두 醱酵 12時間까지는 6.0이던것이 72時間頃에는 8.2 以上으로 나타났고 滴定酸度는 醱酵初期에 最大値를 나타냈다. 4) 아미노窒素와 水溶性窒素含量은 經時的으로 增加하는 傾向으로서 B. natto區, 在來式區, B.subtilis區의 順으로 높았다. 5) Amylase와 protease의 活性은 經時的으로 不規則的인 變化를 보였고 試驗區間의 差異가 없었으나 酵素活性은 大體로 微弱하였다. 本 實驗에서 B.natto 區가 청 국장메주 製造 菌株로서 成分과 官能面에서 優秀하였다. In order to study the changes of components and enzyme activities during Chungkookjang-Koji preparation, the Kojies were prepared with Bacillus Natto, Bacillus subtilis and traditional method. The temperature of Koji materials during Koji preparation was very different according to the experimental group. The content of ethyl alcohol, reducing sugar, amino nitrogen and water soluble nitrogen were changed by the Koji preparing stage and experimental group. Amylase and protease activities showed on irregular change on standing and their activities were not remarkably different among the groups and appeared weakly.

자연농업에 의해 생산된 배추의 품질 및 조리, 가공적성에 관한 연구

이현자,강근옥,황성연 안성산업대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

자연농업으로 재배된 배추와 일반 배추를 이용하여 김치를 담었을 때 숙성중 화학적, 미생물학적 및 관능적인 품질 변화를 알아 본 결과는 다음과 같았다. 자연배추가 일반배추보다 당질이 0.41%, 질산염은 약31배 정도 많았으며 기타 성분은 비슷하였다. 배추통김치의 담금실험에서 초기에 있어서 자연배추통김치의 호기성 전세균수는 일반배추보다 약 70% 이상 세균수가 적었으며 전 젖산균수가 담금 초기부터 급격히 증가하다가 적숙기를 지나서 감소하는 경향은 비슷하였다. 자연 및 일반배추통김치의 숙성기간 중 산도의 변화는 현저한 차이가 있어서 자연배추의 경우는 4주 후에도 식용할 수 있는 정도로 산도가 낮았으나 일반배추의 경우는 2주후부터 산도가 증가하여 식용할 수 없을 정도로 산패되었다. 배추통김치의 관능적 시험결과 자연배추통김치는 담근 2주후부터 일반배추통김치에 비하여 유의성 있게 현저히 우수하였으며 4주 수에도 기호도가 좋아서 일반배추통김치보다 가식기간을 두배 정도 연장할 수 있었다. Studies on chemical microbiological and sensory characteristics of cabbage and kimchi prepared by natural farming and usual farming. In the result, crude total sugar of natural Korean cabbage was 0.41% higher than usual Korean cabbage and other components were almost same. Total aerobic bacteria of natural farming Korean cabbage kimchi was about 70% compared with that of control at early stage of fermentation and total Lactobacilli was occurred vigorously after early stage and decreased gradually after optimum fermented stage at both sample. Changes of acidity of Korean cabbage kimchi during fermentation was remarkably different between natural and usual Korean cabbage kimchi. The acidity of natural Korean cabbage was as low as edible level after four weeks storage at ambient temperature but that of control was so high that usual kimchi could not eat them after two weeks storage. Sensory quality of natural cabbage kimchi was superior after two weeks fermentation compared with that of control and edible period of its could be prolonged twice.

건어물 저장 중 이화학적 특성의 변화에 관한 연구

이성희,이현자 안성산업대학교 1992 論文集 Vol.24 No.-

Dried fishes such as dried pollack, dried sliced squid, dried white bait, dried anchovy and dried cod used to the cooking of Korean traditional foods were airpacked with polythylene tube and irradiated with 7 KGY of gamma-ray source. Physiochemical properties was investigated for there changes during storage at ambient temperature for 12 month. 1. The proximate components which are closely related to storeability and quality of dried fishes, moisture content of samples in order of dried anchovy, dried sliced squid, dried cod, dried white bait and dried poolack were 36.3, 29.8, 19.8, 18.9 and 15.5%, respectively and crude fat content in order of dried white bait, dried slices squid, dried anchovy, dried cod and dried poolack were 8.6, 3.9, 3.8, 2.8 and 2.6%, respectively. 2. The physycochemical properites related to the quality evaluation of dried fished during storage, TBA value of samples were not remarkably changed by irradiation and TMA-A content was 5.17-10.32mg% and increased in all groups during storage. 3. Mineral content such as Na, K, Ca, Mg, Zn, Fe, Mn, Cu and 17 kinds of amino acid content for dried fishes were not changed by irradiation except sulfur containing amino acids which are sensitive to radiation. 4. The color measurement of dried fishes, for lightness, redness and yellowness was showed highter value for irradiated samples than those of control throughout during the storage period

Equisetum arvense L.이 Streptozotocin유발 당뇨성 쥐의 항당뇨작용에 미치는 영향

이현자,김석환,손기호,최종원 慶星大學校 環境問題硏究所 1993 環境硏報 Vol.3 No.1

The present study was undertaken in order to elucidate the effects of pretreatment with Equisetum arvense L.(EM) on change in serum lipid compositions and pancreatic enzymes induced by streptozotocin(STZ) in rats with pancreatic histopathology. 1. Total serum lipid and triglyceride levels in the STZ-induced diabetic rats were significantly higher than those in the control group, and those in the group pretreated with EM but the phopholipid serum level was not significantly different in any of the group. 2. In the STZ-induced diabetic group, the total serum cholesterol, VLDL-and LDL-cholesterol levels, and the atheroscerotic index were higher, while the HDL-cholesterol level was lower when compared to the control group. HOwever, these changes were slightly prevented by EM. 3. Pancreatic lipase and trypsin activities were increased, but amylase activity was decreased by STZ, and pretreatment with EM slightly prevented these STZ-induced changes, in the histological changes of the pancreatic β-cell. These results suggest that EM pretreatment slightly supresses STZ induced changes in the serum lipid compositions and pancreatic enzyme via maintenance of prevent of β-cell destruction by STZ.