Serologic Survey of Toxoplasmosis in Seoul and Jeju-do, and a Brief Review of Its Seroprevalence in Korea

Hyemi Lim,Sang-Eun Lee,Bong-Kwang Jung,Min-Ki Kim,Mi Youn Lee,Ho-Woo Nam,Jong-Gyun Shin,Cheong-Ha Yun,Han-Ik Cho,Eun-Hee Shin,Jong-Yil Chai 대한기생충학열대의학회 2012 The Korean Journal of Parasitology Vol.50 No.4

한국 대학교 원어민 강사들의 영어 교수 탈동기 요인

임혜미(Hyemi Lim),김태영(Tae-Young Kim) 경인교육대학교 교육연구원 2020 교육논총 Vol.40 No.1

본 연구는 우리나라 대학에 근무하는 원어민 영어 강사들의 탈동기 요인에 대해 이들의 성별, 대학 전공, 학위, 교수경력에 따라 분석하였다. 4년제 대학에 재직중인 총 122명의 원어민 영어 강사들의 자료가 분석되었는데, 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 성별 분석 결과 남성 강사보다 여성 강사들이 더 높은 수준의 스트레스를 겪는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 대학 전공에 따라서는 예술 관련 전공자들이 탈동기 스트레스 구인 중 과중한 업무 구인에서 타 전공보다 높은 수준의 탈동기를 나타냈다. 셋째, 학위에 따라서는 학생들과의 관계 구인에 있어서 박사 학위 소지 원어민 영어 교사들이 더 높은 수준의 탈동기를 나타냈다. 학사 학위 소지 영어 원어민 강사들은 지식의 부족 구인에서 높은 탈동기를 나타냈다. 그리고, 교수경력에 따른 분석 결과 1-2년의 교습 경력을 지닌 영어 강사들이 과중한 업무와 지식의 부족 구인에서 높은 스트레스 수준을 나타냈다. 본 연구의 결과는 원어민 강사 채용 과정에서 더욱 체계적인 채용 절차가 필요하다는 것을 시사한다. 또한 영어 혹은 교육학을 전공한 원어민 영어 강사를 채용할 필요 역시 존재한다. In this study, the demotivation factors of native English instructors at universities were analyzed based on their gender, major, educational degree, and teaching career. A total of 122 native English-speaking instructors from four-year universities were surveyed. The results are as follows. First, an analysis based on gender showed that female native instructors expressed more stress in their work than their male counterparts. Second, according to major, the instructors majoring in art showed a higher level of demotivation in the components of overwork. Also, these instructors perceived a higher level of demotivation in the components of insufficient self-efficiency than those majoring in English. Third, based on educational degree, native English instructors with doctoral degrees showed a high level of demotivation in the relationship with the students. Native English instructors with bachelor’s degrees showed demotivation in the category of the lack of knowledge. Finally, an analysis based on teaching career reported that the instructors with one or two years of teaching experience exhibited more stress in the components of heavy work and the lack of knowledge. The above findings imply that the recruitment system for native English instructors should be systematic, and it is necessary to hire native English-speaking instructors who majored in English or education. This study suggests that we need to strengthen training for native English-speaking instructors to understand Korean culture and Korean universities.

Effects of hydrogen peroxide on voltage-dependent K⁺ currents in human cardiac fibroblasts through protein kinase pathways

Hyemi Bae,Donghee Lee,Young-Won Kim,Jeongyoon Choi,Hong Jun Lee,Sang-Wook Kim,Taeho Kim,Yun-Hee Noh,Jae-Hong Ko,Hyoweon Bang,Inja Lim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2016 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.20 No.3

Human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) have various voltage-dependent K⁺ channels (VDKCs) that can induce apoptosis. Hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) modulates VDKCs and induces oxidative stress, which is the main contributor to cardiac injury and cardiac remodeling. We investigated whether H₂O₂ could modulate VDKCs in HCFs and induce cell injury through this process. In whole-cell mode patch-clamp recordings, application of H₂O₂ stimulated Ca²⁺-activated K⁺ (K_Ca) currents but not delayed rectifier K⁺ or transient outward K⁺ currents, all of which are VDKCs. H₂O₂-stimulated K_Ca currents were blocked by iberiotoxin (IbTX, a large conductance K_Ca blocker). The H₂O₂-stimulating effect on large-conductance K_Ca (BK_Ca) currents was also blocked by KT5823 (a protein kinase G inhibitor) and 1 H-[1, 2, 4] oxadiazolo-[4, 3-a] quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, a soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor). In addition, 8-bromo-cyclic guanosine 3’, 5’-monophosphate (8-Br-cGMP) stimulated BK_Ca currents. In contrast, KT5720 and H-89 (protein kinase A inhibitors) did not block the H₂O₂-stimulating effect on BK_Ca currents. Using RT-PCR and western blot analysis, three subtypes of K_Ca channels were detected in HCFs: BK_Ca channels, small-conductance K_Ca (SK_Ca) channels, and intermediate-conductance K_Ca (IK_Ca) channels. In the annexin V/propidium iodide assay, apoptotic changes in HCFs increased in response to H₂O₂, but IbTX decreased H₂O₂-induced apoptosis. These data suggest that among the VDKCs of HCFs, H₂O₂only enhances BK_Ca currents through the protein kinase G pathway but not the protein kinase A pathway, and is involved in cell injury through BK_Ca channels.

Carbon monoxide activation of delayed rectifier potassium currents of human cardiac fibroblasts through diverse pathways

Hyemi Bae,Taeho Kim,Inja Lim 대한생리학회-대한약리학회 2022 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.26 No.1

To identify the effect and mechanism of carbon monoxide (CO) on delayed rectifier K+ currents (I K) of human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs), we used the wholecell mode patch-clamp technique. Application of CO delivered by carbon monoxidereleasing molecule-3 (CORM3) increased the amplitude of outward K+ currents, and diphenyl phosphine oxide-1 (a specific I K blocker) inhibited the currents. CORM3- induced augmentation was blocked by pretreatment with nitric oxide synthase blockers (L-NG-monomethyl arginine citrate and L-NG-nitro arginine methyl ester). Pretreatment with KT5823 (a protein kinas G blocker), 1H-[1,-2,-4] oxadiazolo-[4,-3-a] quinoxalin-1-on (ODQ, a soluble guanylate cyclase blocker), KT5720 (a protein kinase A blocker), and SQ22536 (an adenylate cyclase blocker) blocked the CORM3 stimulating effect on I K. In addition, pretreatment with SB239063 (a p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase [MAPK] blocker) and PD98059 (a p44/42 MAPK blocker) also blocked the CORM3’s effect on the currents. When testing the involvement of S-nitrosylation, pretreatment of N-ethylmaleimide (a thiol-alkylating reagent) blocked CO-induced I K activation and DL-dithiothreitol (a reducing agent) reversed this effect. Pretreatment with 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methylpyridinium-4-yl)-21H,23H porphyrin manganese (III) pentachloride and manganese (III) tetrakis (4-benzoic acid) porphyrin chloride (superoxide dismutase mimetics), diphenyleneiodonium chloride (an NADPH oxidase blocker), or allopurinol (a xanthine oxidase blocker) also inhibited CO-induced I K activation. These results suggest that CO enhances I K in HCFs through the nitric oxide, phosphorylation by protein kinase G, protein kinase A, and MAPK, S-nitrosylation and reduction/oxidation (redox) signaling pathways.

농촌 환경 적용을 위한 경량 태양광모듈 및 시스템 개발

황혜미(Hyemi Hwang),임종록(JongRok Lim),신우균(Woogyun Shin),윤희상(Heesang Yun),김용성(Young Sung Kim),주영철(Young-chul Ju),고석환(Suk-whan Ko),강기환(Gihwan Kang) 한국태양에너지학회 2018 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2018 No.11

Effects of Nitric Oxide on Voltage-Gated K ⁺ Currents in Human Cardiac Fibroblasts through the Protein Kinase G and Protein Kinase A Pathways but Not through <i>S</i> -Nitrosylation

Bae, Hyemi,Choi, Jeongyoon,Kim, Young-Won,Lee, Donghee,Kim, Jung-Ha,Ko, Jae-Hong,Bang, Hyoweon,Kim, Taeho,Lim, Inja MDPI 2018 INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES Vol.19 No.3

<P>This study investigated the expression of voltage-gated K<SUP>+</SUP> (K<SUB>V</SUB>) channels in human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs), and the effect of nitric oxide (NO) on the K<SUB>V</SUB> currents, and the underlying phosphorylation mechanisms. In reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction, two types of K<SUB>V</SUB> channels were detected in HCFs: delayed rectifier K<SUP>+</SUP> channel and transient outward K<SUP>+</SUP> channel. In whole-cell patch-clamp technique, delayed rectifier K<SUP>+</SUP> current (I<SUB>K</SUB>) exhibited fast activation and slow inactivation, while transient outward K<SUP>+</SUP> current (I<SUB>to</SUB>) showed fast activation and inactivation kinetics. Both currents were blocked by 4-aminopyridine. An NO donor, <I>S</I>-nitroso-<I>N</I>-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), increased the amplitude of I<SUB>K</SUB> in a concentration-dependent manner with an EC<SUB>50</SUB> value of 26.4 µM, but did not affect I<SUB>to</SUB>. The stimulating effect of SNAP on I<SUB>K</SUB> was blocked by pretreatment with 1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) or by KT5823. 8-bromo-cyclic GMP stimulated the I<SUB>K</SUB>. The stimulating effect of SNAP on I<SUB>K</SUB> was also blocked by pretreatment with KT5720 or by SQ22536. Forskolin and 8-bromo-cyclic AMP each stimulated I<SUB>K</SUB>. On the other hand, the stimulating effect of SNAP on I<SUB>K</SUB> was not blocked by pretreatment of <I>N</I>-ethylmaleimide or by DL-dithiothreitol. Our data suggest that NO enhances I<SUB>K</SUB>, but not I<SUB>to</SUB>, among K<SUB>V</SUB> currents of HCFs, and the stimulating effect of NO on I<SUB>K</SUB> is through the PKG and PKA pathways, not through <I>S</I>-nitrosylation.</P>

Investigating the Impact of Voice Impairment on Quality of Life in Stroke Patients: The Voice Handicap Index (VHI) Questionnaire Study

Hwang Hyemi,Lee Soohoan,Park Hae-Yeon,Lim Hee Young,Park Kyung Hyun,Park Geun-Young,Im Sun 대한뇌신경재활학회 2023 뇌신경재활 Vol.16 No.1

The Voice Handicap Index (VHI) is a patient-centered evaluation tool specifically designed for assessing voice-related quality of life. Although the VHI has been extensively used in patients with voice disorders, its applicability in stroke patients has not been fully established. This prospective cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the feasibility of using the VHI questionnaire in identif ying stroke patients with voice problems. The study included a cohort of acute to subacute first-ever stroke patients (n = 48), with or without voice problems, as well as other non-stroke patients (n = 31) who agreed to complete the VHI questionnaire. Stroke patients with self-reported voice problems demonstrated significantly higher VHI scores and poorer life quality scores compared to the control groups. These patients also had lower Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE), Modified Barthel Index (MBI), and Euro- QoL-5D-5L (EQ-5D-5L) scores. Spearman correlation analysis revealed an inverse association between VHI scores and EQ-5D-5L (rho = −0.77, p < 0.001), Korean Mann Assessment of Swallowing Ability (rho = −0.51, p < 0.001), and other functional parameters, including the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, MMSE, and MBI scores. Multiple regression analysis indicated that the VHI score was the biggest contributing factor to EQ scores. This is the first study to demonstrate that stroke patients with voice problems may experience reduced quality of life, even after controlling for other confounding factors such as dysphagia or neurological deficits. Future studies are needed whether addressing these issues by implementing the VHI may facilitate the improvement of patients’ quality of life

Carbon monoxide activates large-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels of human cardiac fibroblasts through various mechanisms

Bae, Hyemi,Kim, Taeho,Lim, Inja The Korean Society of Pharmacology 2021 The Korean Journal of Physiology & Pharmacology Vol.25 No.3

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a cardioprotectant and potential cardiovascular therapeutic agent. Human cardiac fibroblasts (HCFs) are important determinants of myocardial structure and function. Large-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (BK) channel is a potential therapeutic target for cardiovascular disease. We investigated whether CO modulates BK channels and the signaling pathways in HCFs using whole-cell mode patch-clamp recordings. CO-releasing molecules (CORMs; CORM-2 and CORM-3) significantly increased the amplitudes of BK currents (IBK). The CO-induced stimulating effects on IBK were blocked by pre-treatment with specific nitric oxide synthase (NOS) blockers (L-NG-monomethyl arginine citrate and L-NG-nitroarginine methyl ester). 8-bromo-cyclic GMP increased IBK. KT5823 (inhibits PKG) or ODQ (inhibits soluble guanylate cyclase) blocked the CO-stimulating effect on IBK. Moreover, 8-bromo-cyclic AMP also increased IBK, and pre-treatment with KT5720 (inhibits PKA) or SQ22536 (inhibits adenylate cyclase) blocked the CO effect. Pre-treatment with N-ethylmaleimide (a thiol-alkylating reagent) also blocked the CO effect on IBK, and DL-dithiothreitol (a reducing agent) reversed the CO effect. These data suggest that CO activates IBK through NO via the NOS and through the PKG, PKA, and S-nitrosylation pathways.

유니티를 이용한 비행 액션 게임 어플리케이션 설계 및 구현

도혜미 ( Hyemi Do ),정예린 ( Yerin Jeong ),김환희 ( Hwanhee Kim ),이상원 ( Sangwon Lee ),정민석 ( Minsuk Jung ),홍종완 ( Jongwan Hong ),박은주 ( Eunju Park ),임한규 ( Hankyu Lim ) 한국정보처리학회 2017 한국정보처리학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.24 No.1

많은 사람이 스마트폰을 소유하고 어디에서나 스마트폰 사용 모습을 볼 수 있을 만큼 스마트폰의 사용이 일상화되어 가고 있다. 스마트폰 사용 중 특히 모바일게임은 스마트폰이 보급된 이후 꾸준히 성장해온 시장으로 많은 게임이 있다. 그 가운데 국내 모바일 게임 시장에서 인기가 있는 게임은 RPG(Role Playing Game)게임이다. RPG 게임은 게임의 재미를 위하여 오랜 시간 성장이 필요하고, 자동기능을 통해 게임을 즐기기보다는 성장에 주목적을 두고 게임을 하고 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 간단한 조작만으로 게임을 즐길 수 있는 아케이드 게임을 설계하고 Unity를 사용하여 이를 구현하였다.

Interaction of Vitamin D and Smoking on Inflammatory Markers in the Urban Elderly

Lee, Hyemi,Kim, Kyoung-Nam,Lim, Youn-Hee,Hong, Yun-Chul The Korean Society for Preventive Medicine 2015 Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Vol.48 No.5

Objectives: Epidemiological studies have reported that vitamin D deficiency is associated with inflammatory disease. Smoking is a well-known risk factor for inflammation. However, few studies have investigated the interactive effect of vitamin D deficiency and smoking on inflammation. This study aims to investigate the interaction of vitamin D and smoking with inflammatory markers in the urban elderly. Methods: We used data from the Korean Elderly Environmental Panel Study, which began in August 2008 and ended in August 2010, and included 560 Koreans ${\geq}60$ years old living in Seoul. Data was collected via questionnaires that included items about smoking status at the first visit. Vitamin D levels, high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and white blood cell (WBC) counts were repeatedly measured up to three times. Results: The association of vitamin D and hs-CRP was significant after adjusting for known confounders (${\beta}=-0.080$, p=0.041). After separate analysis by smoking status, the association of vitamin D deficiency and hs-CRP in smokers was stronger than that in nonsmokers (smokers: ${\beta}=-0.375$, p=0.013; non-smokers: ${\beta}=-0.060$, p=0.150). Smoking status was an effect modifier that changed the association between vitamin D deficiency and hs-CRP (interaction estimate: ${\beta}=-0.254$, p=0.032). Vitamin D was not significantly associated with WBC count (${\beta}=0.003$, p=0.805). Conclusions: Vitamin D deficiency was associated with hs-CRP in the urban elderly. Smoking status was an effect modifier of this association. Vitamin D deficiency was not significantly associated with WBC count.