정신보건관련시설 입원(소)자의 주요 정신장애 유병률 : 전국 20개 시설의 입원(소)자를 대상으로

조성진,조맹제,서동우,함봉진,홍진표,배재남,이준영,이동우,박종익,전홍진,김성주,김용익 大韓神經精神醫學會 2004 신경정신의학 Vol.43 No.6

Objectives : One of the objectives of this study is to estimate the prevalence rates of psychiatric diagnoses in the combined populations of psychiatric hospitals, psychiatric nursing facilities and homeless asylums using the Korean version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI), which is a comprehensive and fully standardized interview schedule to assess psychiatric disorders for diagnosis. The Other objective is to compare with previously studied prevalence rates of Psy-chiatric diagnoses using the results of this study. Methods : The study subjects, aged from 181o 64 years, were randomly selected from 64,582 institutionalized population of psychiatric hospitals, Psychiatric nursing facilities and homeless asylums as of 30, June, 2001. Twelve trained interviewers administered the K-CIDI to the selected respondents. A total of 1,875 respondents (male 1,194, female 681) completed the interview. Results : The lifetime and one year prevalences of any diagnosis excluding nicotine dependence · withdrawal, anxiety disorder, eating disorder, somatoform disorder were 88.2% (male 88.1%, female 88.3%), and 65.8% (male 62.7%, female 73.7%), respectively. The lifetime and one year prevalences of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders were 78.5% (male 75.3%, female 83.7%), and 56.8% (male 51.9%, female 64.8%), respectively. The lifetime and one year prevalences of alcohol use disorder (dependence/abuse) were 26.7% (male 37.9%, female 8.3%), and 8.7% (male 12.8%, female 2.1%), respectively. The lifetime and one year prevalences of mood disorder were 18.1% (male 13.5%, female 25.8%), and 10.4% (male 7.2%,female 16.9%), respectively. The lifetime and one year prevalences of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders were comparable with the 2001 community survey by 1.19% to 1.32%, and 0.51% to 0.61%, respectively. The lifetime and one year prevalences of schizophrenia were also comparable by 0.16% to 0.28%, and 0.16% to 0.25%, respectively. There were no significant changes of prevalence rates when correction were applied to other psychiatric diagnosis. Conclusion : The results of this study could be used for evaluating the distribution of psychiatric diagnoses in mental health related facilities and for planning mental health policies.

한국 주요정신장애의 유병률 및 관련요인 : 2006 전국정신질환역학조사

조맹제,장성만,함봉진,정인원,배안,이영문,안준호,원승희,손정우,홍진표,배재남,이동우,조성진,박종익,이준영,김진영,전홍진,이해우 大韓神經精神醫學會 2009 신경정신의학 Vol.48 No.3

Objectives The aims of this study are to estimate the prevalence of the DSM-IV psychiatric disorders in the Korean population using the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI), and to compare those with previous studies. Methods The Korean Epidemiologic Catchment Area study Replication (KECA-R) was Conducted between August 2006 and April 2007. The sampling of the subjects was carried out across 12 catchment areas. A multistage, cluster sampling design was adopted. The target Population included all eligible residents aged 181o 64 years. Face-to-face interviews were conducted with the Korean version of Composite International Diagnostic Interview (K-CIDI) based on the DSM-IV (N=6,510, response rate=81.7%). Results A total of 6,510 participants completed the interview. The lifetime and 12-month prevalence rates for all types of DSM-IV disorders were 30.0% and 17.3%, respectively. Those of Specific disorders were as follows : 1) alcohol use disorder, 16.2% and 5.6% ; 2) nicotine use disorder, 9.0% and 6.0% ; 3) specific phobia, 3.8% and 3.4% ; 4) major depressive disorder, 5.6% and 2.5% ; and 5) generalized anxiety disorder, 1.6% and 0.8%. Data relating to nicotine and alcohol use disorder revealed a very high male/female ratio. Mood disorder and anxiety disorder were more prevalent among females than males. Conclusion The prevalence of psychiatric disorders was high. In comparison with other studies, remarkable differences in the distribution of psychiatric disorders across the country and times were observed.

개발사업 환경성평가에서의 토양 탄소저장량 산정방법 비교 연구

황상일 ( Sang Il Hwang ),박선환 ( Sun Hwan Park ),전영봉 ( Young Bong Jeon ),황정배 ( Joung Bae Hwang ),강선홍 ( Seon Hong Kang ),김진홍 ( Jin Hong Kim ) 한국환경영향평가학회 2014 환경영향평가 Vol.23 No.6

The objective of this study was to propose the best methodology for estimating soil organic carbon stocks during environmental assessment for development projects. We compared three methodologies which were developed by Korea Environment Corporation(2010), Korea Forest Research Institute (2006), and Jin-Hyun Jung (1998). We found that the methodology developed by Jin-Hyun Jung (1998) shows the worst performance and the methodology of Korea Forest Research Institute (2006) does not reflect a variety of soil types and land use characteristics shown in development project plans. Therefore, we propose that the methodology developed by Korea Environment Corporation (2010) is the most reasonable one because it is internationally accepted and used for local governments to make the inventory of greenhouse gases as well as to set up its reduction strategy.

Ni-Ti file을 이용한 유치의 근관치료

홍상진,홍성수,고승백,이봉규 조선대학교 구강생물학연구소 2002 Oral Biology Research (Oral Biol Res) Vol.26 No.2

The pulpectomy or root canal treatment on primary teeth is to be done when there is evidence of chronic inflammation or necrosis in the radicular pulp. Due to the tortous and ribbon-shaped anatomy of the primary teeth, the instrumentation of endodontic hand files and barbed broaches is not an easy procedure. Recently, Ni-Ti rotary instruments have been developed and has made endodontic treatment easier and faster. This report describes two cases of root canal treatment on primary molars uasing Ni-Ti rotary files. The cevical constricture was eliminated by the crown-down method. as smaller file proceeded unhindered into the apical third of the canal. In addition, the crown-down thenique enhanced the efficacy of the endodontic irrigant. the use of rotary instrumentation for primary teeth seemed to be more effective way to debride the uneven walls of primary teeth.

消癌去痰益氣湯의 cyclophosphamide 부작용 형성 억제효과

홍종희,류기원,류봉하,윤상협,김진성 WHO COLLABORATING CENTRE FOR TRADITIONAL MEDICINE 2002 東西醫學硏究所 論文集 Vol.2002 No.-

Object : It is well known that modern chemotherapy against cancer has side effcts to a living body, especially hemopoietic and immunologial disfunctions. However, there are no effctive ways to reduce them.Recently, traditonal Korean herb medicine has been repoted to have some biological modifying responses. Therefore, we hypothesized that additional application of herb medicine during chemotherapy is more effective to reduce its side effects. While we were studying the effects, we have observed the inhibitory effect of Soamgudamikgitang on formation of side effects derived from Cyclophosphamide, it has been used in clinical practice at Kyung Hee Medicd Center.Methods : We injected 200㎎/㎏ of Cyclophosphamide, one time, to an experimental group, consisting of ten mice. We divided them into eight groups: normal, CPX, SAKT 2㎎, SAKT 10㎎, SAKT 50㎎, SAKI 2㎎+CPX, SAKT 10㎎+CPX, SAKT 50㎎+CPX. We injeted Soamgudamikgitang seven days, five days, three days, and one day before we injected CPX. One day, three days, and five days after CPX injection, we injected Soamgudamikgitang again and then killed all the mice.The parameters determined in this experiment were daily body weight liver and spleen weight, RBC, WBC, and platelet for hemopoietic dysfunction and AST, ALT for hepatotoxicity, BUN, creatine for renal toxcity, Iymphocyte proliferation activity and lymphocyte subsets for immunological toxvity.Results : We have found that Soamgdamikgitang has inhibitory effects on the formation of Cyclophosphamide 's side effects. Significant differences between the group, which contained Cyclophosphamide, and the other group, which contains Cyclophosphamide and 2, 10, 50㎎ of Soamgudamikgitang respectively were observed. Platelets(2㎎ of Soamgudamikgitang, p<O.05 ;10㎎, p<0.Ol ;50㎎, p<0.001), liver weight(SOw p.001), spieen weight(10mg, p<0.05), AST(all groups, p<0.01), ALT(2㎎, p<001 ;10㎎, p<O.05 ;50㎎, p<0.01), BUN(2㎎, p<0.01 ;50㎎, p<0.05). Althought immunological in both lymphocyte proliferation and its subsets were not observed, which shows that Soamgudamikgilang has a strong effect on T cell activities Conclusions : From the above results, we can expect that the combined therapy of Soamgudamikgitang and Cyclophosphamide is more effective for treating cancer Patients.

도시 거주 노인 수면 습관 및 불면증상의 요인 : 인구학적,질병 및 정신증상의 관련성

홍진표,안준호,윤영국,박종익,이소영,함봉진,김장규,한오수,조맹제 대한신경정신의학회 2000 신경정신의학 Vol.39 No.6

연구목적 : 본 연구는 국내 노인의 습관을 조사하고 불면 증상과 연관 있는 인구학적, 질병학적 요인을 알고자 했다. 방 법 : 1997년 12월부터 1998년 1월까지 약 1개월에 걸쳐 2단계 층화집락표본추출의 역학조사법을 통해 선정된 3개 4개동 거주의 만 65세 이상 노인을 대상으로 수행되었다. 대상자 중 723명에서 등답을 받았으며 응답률은 73.8였다. 대학생인 설문조사요원들을 훈련시킨 뒤, 이들로 하여금 대상지역의 노인거주가정을 방문하여 개개 노인을 대상으로 반구조화된 면담으로 수면습관 및 불면증상 설문을 실시하였으며 그 외 한국어판 노인정신장애평가척도, 삶의 질 척도를 이용한 설문조사와 과거 질병력을 청취조사하게 하였다. 결 과 : 국내 노인들은 평균 오후 10시 16분에 자리에 누워 오전 5시22분에 일어나서 총 7시간 6분의 수면시간을 보였다. 노인의 11.7%가 거의 매일 밤 불면증을 14.8%가 간헐적 불면증을 호소하였다. 남자에서는 연령이 증가할수록 침상에 누워있는 시간이 증가하고, 또, 입면시까지 소요되는 시간과 수면 중의 각성회수가 증가되었으나 여성에서는 명확하지 않았다. 단변수 분석에서 요통, 중풍 병력의 환자에서 불면증상이 심했다. 다변량분석 결과 불면 증상과 관련 깊은 요인으로 남자에게서는 고령과 우울증상이 여자에게서는 남자의 위험요인에다 신체통증과 피부병력이 추가로 관련이 있었다. 결 론 : 지역 거주 노인에서 불면 증상은 매우 흔한 증상이며 우울증상과 명확한 상관관계를 보이고 있었다. 불면증을 극복하기 위해 불면증 위험요인의 인과관계에 대한 추후 연구가 필요하다. Objectives : The purpose of this study is to analyze sleep habit and investigate the association between insomnia and demographic, health and psycho-behavioral symptomatology in Korean urban elderly Method : A total of 723 community residents aged 65 years or older were surveyed by two stage, random cluster sampling method. The response rate was 76.2%. Interviewers performed door to door visits and administered a questionnaire about sleep, past medical history, and several scales as the Psychogeriatric Assessment Scale(PAS), the short form Quality of Life Scale (SF-36) and etc. Results : The mean scores are as follows : retiring time was ten-sixteen p.m., wake-up time was five twenty two a.m., duration of sleep was seven hours and six minutes. Among the elderly, 11.6% and 14.8% of the subjects reported chronic and intermittent difficulty in sleeping, respectively. The patients with back pain and history of stroke complained of more insomnia symptoms in univariate analysis. In ANCOVA analysis, insomnia symptoms were associated with an old age, depressive symptoms in male. Bodily pain and history of dermatologic disease were additional risk factors in female. Conclusions : The data suggest insomnia is one of most common health problems among elderly Koreans living in the community. Strong positive relationship between depressive symptoms and insomnia were found. Further research is needed to explore the causal relationship between insomnia and risk factors.

반복치료로 호전된 호산구성 폐렴 유사 폐흡충증 1예

박세진,김희규,김봉준,이천우,옥철호,정만홍 고신대학교 의과대학 2010 고신대학교 의과대학 학술지 Vol.25 No.2

우리나라에서 인기 있는 게장등의 섭취로2) 성인뿐만 아니라 소아에서도 지속적으로 보고되고 있는 폐흡충증은 다양한 임상양상을 보일 수 있다. 저자들은 방사선 소견상 만성 호산구성 폐렴과 유사하였고, 반복적인 치료로 호전된 폐흡충증 1예를 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. Paragonimiasis mostly occurs by ingestion of raw or undercooked freshwater crabs or crayfish. Recently, re-emergence of paragonimiasis is reported because of ingestion of raw food such as freshwater fish and Gejang (marinated raw crabs). As the radiological features as well as the laboratory findings are similar to those of chronic eosinophilic pneumonia, the diagnosis of pulmonary paragonimiasis is often difficult and delayed. A 43 year-old female was visited our hospital for migrating and new developing consolidative lung lesions and peripheral blood eosinophilia. The eosinophil profile of leukocyte was 32% (absolute count 2,690 /mm3). Histologic finding was organizing pneumonia pattern with severe infiltration of eosinophils. Parasite specific antibody IgG forParagonimus westermani was positive (titer:0.61, normal range<0.20). After treatment with praziquantel (75mg/Kg once a day for 2days), the chest x-ray was clearly resolved. Follow-up study showed right pleural effusion, newly developed focal infiltration, and several nodules. After retreatment, we couldn't find any recurrent evidence.

Run-Length Coding과 Huffman Coding을 이용한 영상 압축기의 하드웨어 설계

이상진,김주현,이민우,강봉순,홍창희 東亞大學校附設 情報技術硏究所 2004 情報技術硏究所論文誌 Vol.12 No.1

In this paper, we modify Run-Length Coding(RLC) and Huffman Coding(HC) algorithm for use of image compression and design as a hardwired architecture. The algorithm of RLC and HC compresses different area of Multi-Resolution Analysis(MRA) that is represented by Discrete Wavelet Transform(DWT)[1-2]. RLC compressor and decompressor is simple so that is designed like a data-path flow. HC compressor's scheme is composed of 2 stage, the first one is generation of Huffman Tree. That needs many computations and times so that uses internal memory MACRO. The second one is making binary data using Huffman Tree. The decompressor of HC is also designed simply like that of RLC decompressor's data-path flow using Huffman Tree.

하청 근로자들의 건강수준 평가

최홍열,고상백,장세진,차봉석,임형준,이상윤,김재용,강동묵,조수헌 大韓産業醫學會 2001 대한직업환경의학회지 Vol.13 No.1

목 적 : 하청노동을 이용한 노동 유연화 전략은 근로자들의 고용을 불안정시키고, 근로자들의 삶에 부정적 영향을 미치고 있다. 따라서 이 연구는 하청업체 근로자들의 고용현황을 조사하고, 기존의 업체중심의 건강평가의 문제점을 지적하고자 하였다. 또한 하청업체 근로자들의 건강평가의 현재적 의미와 사회적 배제의 특성을 알아보고자 하였다. 방 법 : 모기업과 하청업체 근로자들의 건강수준을 비교하기 위하여, 정기건강진단(일반, 특수)과 채용건강진단 자료를 이용하고자 하였다. 건강진단에서 누락된 비정규직을 포괄하기 위하여 SF-36을 이용하여 건강설문조사를 시행하였다.결 과 : 조선업 하청업체 근로자들의 고용기간은 짧고, 빈번한 노동이동 현상을 보였다. 3년간 건강진단 수검 현황을 통해 살펴볼 때, 1998년 수검자중 2000년까지 연속해서 검진 받은 수검자는 40.3%였다. 건강진단 결과 유소견자 규모를 통해 모기업과 하청업체간의 건강수준을 비교해 보았다. 모기업은 일반질병 요관찰자와 질병자를 포함한 유소견자가 1,011명으로 약 10 %의 유소견율을 보이고 있고, 질병자의 경우 596명으로 유병률이 5 %를 상회하고 있다. 반면 하청업체의 경우 1,967명의 수검자중 유소견자가 115명으로 6 %의 유소견율을 보이고있고, 질병자는 82명으로 4 %의 유병률을 보이고있다 채용건강진단을 받은 수검자는 6,260명 이었으며, 이 중 유소견자 수는 2,373명으로 전체 수검자의 37.9 %를 차지하였다. 건강설문지의 경우는 전체 건강수준의 총합은 하청보다 원청 근로자가 높았고 통계적으로 유의하였다. 결 론' 정기건강검진 결과는 하청근로자들이 고용형태에 따라 검진을 받지 못한 경우가 많아, 건강 근로자 효과로 표현될 가능성이 있다. 따라서 채용건강진단 결과는 다른 측면에서 하청업체 근로자들의 건강수준의 현실적 반영이라고 할 수 있다. 향후 하청업체 근로자들의 건강문제를 감시하고 개선하려면 기존의 업체 중심의 접근으로는 하청 근로자의 건강문제를 제대로 다룰 수 없고, 업종과 지역을 동시에 고려하여 접근할 필요가 있다. 또한 단기 고용 근로자 및 비정규직 근로자를 사회보장의 확충과 모기업의 연대책임 강화 및 기업복지 차원에서 포괄하는 방안이 모색되어야 하겠다. Objectives : The strategy for the labor flexibility through subcontracted labor have brought a negative effect on the lives of the workers, such as the increase of the unstable employment. This study was conducted to analyze the relationship between the employment of subcontracted firms and the health status of them, and to find out some problems which have been caused in the process of health evaluation and the characteristics of social exclusion. Methods : We reviewed the periodical health examination and preemployment health examination in order to compare health status of the subcontracted workers with those of the parent firm workers. The SF-36 questionnaire was administered to assess the self-perceived health status. Results : The result shows that compared to the working duration of the parent firm workers, those of the subcontracted workers were shorter, and the job transfer rate was higher. In the periodical health examination, the prevalence of occupational and general disease was higher in the parent firm(10%) than in the subcontracted firms(6%). Preemployment health examination plays an important role in worker's health manage- ment. Among 6,260 workers who received preemployment health examination, the prevalence of disease was 37.9%. Mean scores of health status measured by SF-36 were lower in the subcontracted firm than in the parent firm. Conclusions : Due to social exclusion of the subcontracted workers from the periodical health examination, there is a possibility that the periodical health examination have the healthy worker effect. These results suggests that the preemployment health examination could be a more appropriate indicator which is able to assess the health status of the subcontracted workers than the periodical health examination.

서울의 Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae 발생빈도(1998)

김재홍,김준호,반재용,이정우,황성주,정준규,정성태,강진문,조흔정,홍창의,정혜신,이한승,김이선,이봉길,이종호,선영우,한기덕,윤성필,이성훈,안종성,박석범,문승현,조항래,김형섭,류지호,황재영,박준홍,손상욱 한양대학교 의과대학 2001 한양의대 학술지 Vol.21 No.1

In recent years, gonorrhea has been pandemic and remains one of the most common STDs in the world, especially in developing countries. For the detection of a more effective therapeutic regimen and assessing the prevalence of Penicillinase Producing Neisseria gonorrhoeae(PPNG), we have been trying to study the patients who have visited the Venereal Disease Clinic of Choong-Ku Public Health Center in Seoul since 1980 by menas of the chromogenic cephalosporin method. In 1998, 93 strians of N. genorrhoeae were isolated, among which 60(64.5%) were PPNG. The prevalence of PPNG in Seoul, which had been decreased to 39% in 1996 after a peak of 74.3% in 1993, is increased to 64.5% in 1998.