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Han, N.,Park, Y. J.,Han, M.,Ryu, B. D.,Ko, K. B.,Chandramohan, S.,Choi, C. J.,Cuong, T. V.,Hong, C. H. Elsevier Science B.V., Amsterdam. 2014 Materials letters Vol.123 No.-
dramatic reduction in threading dislocation density and stress-relaxation was simultaneously achieved in GaN epilayer using a silica nanosphere embedded structure on V-groove patterned sapphire substrate by metal-organic chemical vapor deposition. By depositing silica nanospheres at two different instances during a growth process, a two-step growth that included selective area growth and lateral overgrowth was initiated. This approach led to GaN template of high crystal quality, which was confirmed from x-ray diffraction rocking curve and micro-Raman measurements and further corroborated by transmission electron microscopy. GaN light-emitting diode fabricated by this strategy showed a significant enhancement in the light output power. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Han, N.,Mizan, Md.F.R.,Jahid, I.K.,Ha, S.D. Butterworths ; Taylor Francis ; Elsevier Science 2016 FOOD CONTROL Vol.70 No.-
<P>Vibrio parahaemolyticus is recognized as a human foodborne pathogen that is mostly associated with seafood. This pathogen can form a mature biofilm on food and food contact surfaces during food processing. The present study investigated V. parahaemolyticus biofilm formation at various temperatures on shrimp, crab, and stainless steel coupons, using the biofilm formation index (BFI) method on microtiter plates. The results were also confirmed by field emission scanning electron microscopy. Both the BFI values and cultural counts revealed that V. parahaemolyticus biofilm formation was stronger at higher temperatures than at lower temperatures. Biofilm formation differed according to the growth surface type and growth temperature. It was found that higher temperatures (15-37 degrees C) induced stronger biofilm formation whereas 4 and 10 degrees C resulted in attachment of the bacterial cells as monolayers. It could be concluded that temperatures of 25-37 degrees C result in significantly stronger biofilm formation as well as exoprotease and AI-2 production on food and food contact surfaces, indicating that these temperatures might be threatening conditions for food safety. (C) 2016 Published by Elsevier Ltd.</P>
Infrared photoluminescence from lead sulfide quantum dots in glasses enriched in sulfur
Han, N.,Liu, C.,Zhang, J.,Zhao, X.,Heo, J.,Jiang, Y. North-Holland 2014 Journal of non-crystalline solids Vol.391 No.-
Formation of PbS QDs in the glasses containing a small amount of lead oxide was examined. Oversaturation of sulfur only was sufficient to promote the formation of PbS QDs in the glasses. Upon thermal treatment, absorption of PbS QDs was tuned from 824nm to 2213nm. Infrared photoluminescence, especially, mid-infrared photoluminescence from PbS QDs was observed in the range of 1008nm to 2182nm. Ostwald ripening of PbS QDs occurred when the heat-treatment temperature was 530<SUP>o</SUP>C or 540<SUP>o</SUP>C, and led to the decrease in the absorption coefficients and splitting of the photoluminescence bands.
Recent Investigations of Urinary Nerve Growth Factor as a Biomarker for Overactive Bladder Syndrome
Hann-Chorng Kuo 대한비뇨의학회 2009 Investigative and Clinical Urology Vol.50 No.9
Purpose: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a symptom syndrome and is usually diagnosed by subjective symptoms of urgency with or without urgency incontinence. However, because urgency symptoms are so subjective, it is difficult to objectively grade symptoms of urgency. Although urodynamic study can detect detrusor overactivity (DO) objectively, not all patients with OAB are found to have DO. Therefore, recent research interests have focused on urinary and image biomarkers in the assessment of OAB. Materials and Methods: Investigating articles from the literature and recent published works were reviewed. Results: The urinary nerve growth factor (NGF) level is found to increase in patients with OAB-wet, bladder outlet obstruction, mixed urinary incontinence, and urodynamic DO. NGF levels are correlated with OAB symptoms and return to normal after treatment. However, urinary NGF is not increased only in patients with OAB and DO. It also increases in patients with interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) and other lower urinary tract diseases such as urinary tract stones, bacterial infection, and urothelial tumor. Thirty percent of OAB patients have a low urinary NGF level. Nevertheless, antimuscarinic or botulinum toxin treatment can decrease the urinary NGF level, and changes in the NGF level are correlated with the urgency severity scale. Conclusions: It is therefore possible to use urinary NGF levels as a biomarker for assessment of therapeutic outcome in patients with OAB. Further research on combined multiple biomarkers to differentiate OAB and IC/PBS is necessary. Purpose: Overactive bladder (OAB) is a symptom syndrome and is usually diagnosed by subjective symptoms of urgency with or without urgency incontinence. However, because urgency symptoms are so subjective, it is difficult to objectively grade symptoms of urgency. Although urodynamic study can detect detrusor overactivity (DO) objectively, not all patients with OAB are found to have DO. Therefore, recent research interests have focused on urinary and image biomarkers in the assessment of OAB. Materials and Methods: Investigating articles from the literature and recent published works were reviewed. Results: The urinary nerve growth factor (NGF) level is found to increase in patients with OAB-wet, bladder outlet obstruction, mixed urinary incontinence, and urodynamic DO. NGF levels are correlated with OAB symptoms and return to normal after treatment. However, urinary NGF is not increased only in patients with OAB and DO. It also increases in patients with interstitial cystitis/painful bladder syndrome (IC/PBS) and other lower urinary tract diseases such as urinary tract stones, bacterial infection, and urothelial tumor. Thirty percent of OAB patients have a low urinary NGF level. Nevertheless, antimuscarinic or botulinum toxin treatment can decrease the urinary NGF level, and changes in the NGF level are correlated with the urgency severity scale. Conclusions: It is therefore possible to use urinary NGF levels as a biomarker for assessment of therapeutic outcome in patients with OAB. Further research on combined multiple biomarkers to differentiate OAB and IC/PBS is necessary.
Hann, M.A.,Nicholson, E. The Costume Culture Association 2012 服飾文化硏究 Vol.20 No.4
The objectives of this paper are to examine some of the factors which may account for the rise in predominance of British textile manufacture in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries. This paper identifies a range of important eighteenth century British inventions and associated developments, such as the 'factory' system, which stimulated expansion in textile manufacture in the British Isles and led to the rise in international importance of various 'heritage textile industries', including the Lancashire cotton industry, the Yorkshire woollen and worsted industry, the Dundee jute industry and the Irish linen industry.