실향민(失鄕民) 모티브와 기독교 신앙의 두 양태

정학진(Chung, Hak-jin) 한국비평문학회 2014 批評文學 Vol.- No.52

김원일은 우리시대 대표적인 분단문학 작가이다. 1966년 대구매일신보에 「1961. 알제리아」가 당선된 이래 여러 편의 중, 단편 소설을 발표했다. 그러던 중 1973년 「어둠의 혼」이 당선된 것을 기점으로 『노을』(1978), 『겨울골짜기 상, 하』(1987), 『마당 깊은 집』(1988), 『불의 제전1-7권』(1983-1997), 등 탁월한 분단문학을 집필했고 이 시대 대표적인 분단문학 작가라는 평가를 받고 있다. 그러나 1990년 이후 즉, 범박하게 말하자면 시기적으로 그의 후기소설이라고 할 수 있는 작품들은 분단문학의 범주에 들기 어려운 것들이다. 그의 후기 작품 세계는 신의 초월성과 내재성 뿐만 아니라 인간 내면 깊숙이에 잠재된 원형성과 실향성 등 인간의 내면적이고 근원적인 문제에 관심이 집중되어 있다. 그러므로 그를 단순히 ‘분단문학 작가’라는 카테고리 속에만 묶어두어서는 안 될 것이다. 따라서 본 연구자는 그가 깊이 관심했던 중요한 모티브의 하나인 ‘실향성’과 ‘종교’ 그중에서도 특히 ‘기독교’에 천착한 주제를 가지고 씨름해 온 작품 중에서 『가족1,2』를 텍스트로 삼았다. 이 작품은 정치(精緻)하게 읽어갈수록 두 개의 큰 기둥이 보인다. 김치효를 중심으로 위로는, 북에서 피난 온 아버지 김석현 옹과, 아래로 3명의 아들들로 대변되는 ‘실향성(失鄕性)’의 모티브를 읽어낼 수 있다. 또한 김치효의 아내인 장경순와 딸인 김선결, 그리고 그의 애인인 민한세 전도사로 상징되는 두 개의 기독교가 선명하게 존재한다. 공교롭게도 남성들은 ‘실향성’에, 그리고 소설 중에서 여성들은 ‘종교성’에 깊이 관계되어 있다. 실향민 모티브에는 공간적 고향을 잃은 김석현 옹(공간적 실향민)과 그에 대비되는 무의미성(무목적성)으로 궁극적인 고향을 상실한 3명의 아들들이 이항대립적인 위치를 점하고 있다. 반면에 소설 후반부로 갈수록 내세적이고 시한부 종말론을 주장하며 사이비로 빠져드는 장경순 여사와 무신론적 실존주의자로 살다가 여러 사건을 통해 기독교로 귀의하는 둘째 딸, 김선결이 대표하는 사회참여적 기독교, 혹은 사회변혁적인 기독교가 등장한다. 본 연구는 이 두 개의 서로 다른 정점에 있는 주제에 대해 연구하고, 이 둘이 하나로 이어질 수 있는 가능성에 대해 모색해 보았다. This paper is concerned about investigating the christian thought in Kim won il’s late literature. He is very significant polarized literature author. He has been said that he was the most specific novelist in our period. There is few to deny this fact. However, I don’t think so. Even though we recognize that he wrote many excellent polarized works, is it possible for us to limit his late works as polarized literature? I divide his works as 3periods. The first literature works was written under the effect of existentialism from 1966 to 『sunset』(1978) The second literature are called as the polarized literature period including 『sunset』(1978) 『The fire carnival』(1982-1997) 『The wind and The river』(1985) 『The winter valley』(1987) 『A house which have a large yard』(1988). The third period literature has been written about the theme like disabled person, religion, social equality and utopia, The displaced person, family, and faith. Above all, I realize that he takes many concern about religious reality. There are especially many instance in his late novel 『The family』(2000) Therefore, I want to recognize his late works as religious literature.

지방족 탄화수소의 할로겐 유도체 수용액의 광촉매-광분해

전진,정학진,김해진,김삼혁 한국환경과학회 1997 한국환경과학회지 Vol.6 No.1

The rates of photodegradation, reactivities, and mechanisms of photooxidation for the aqueous solution containing with halogen derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons have been discussed with respect to the kinds of photocatalysts, concentration of photocatalytic suspensions, strength of radiant power , time of illumination, changes of pH of substrate solution, wavelength of radiation, and pressure of oxygen gas saturated in the solution. These aqueous solutions suspended with 0.5 gL^-1 TiO_2 powder have been photodecomposed in the range of 100 and 93.8% per 1 hour if it is illuminated with wavelength (λ≥ 300nm) produced from Xe-lamp(450W). The photocatalytic abilities have been increased in the order of Fe_2O_3 < CdS < CeO_2 < Y_O2_3 < TiO_2, and rates of photodegradation for the solution have maximum values in the condition of pH 6∼8 and 3 psi-O_2 gL^-1. These rates for the photooxidation per 1 hour were dependent on the size of molecular weight and chemical bonding for organic halogen compounds and the rates of photodegradation were increased in the order of C_2H_5Br < CH_2Br_2 < C_5H_11Cl C_2H_4Cl_2 < trans-C_2H_2Cl_2 < cis-C_2H_2Cl_2 The t_1/2 and t_99% for these solutions were 5∼21 and 40∼90 minutes, respectively, and these values were coincided with initial reaction kinetics(r_0). It was found that reaction of photodegradation has the pseudo first-order kinetics controlled by the amount of h^+_VB diffused from a surface of photocatalysts.

저작근 골막하 박리를 이용한 만성 재발성 탈구의 치험례

심재환,김기홍,문진석,민병진,이원학,홍광진 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 2003 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.25 No.3

Chronic recurrent dislocation(CRD) of the jaw has various etilogical causes, including trauma, congenital or acquired neurological illness, ingestion of certain medicines, incorrdination of the neuromuscular astivity of the chewing muscles, articular anatomical alteration, etc. Various surgical methods have been advocated for the treatment of the CRD. They may be divided into two groups: procedures designed to limit translation of the condyle and procedures eliminating obstacles in the condylar path. Hypomobility of mandible can be developed after BSSRO and it is probably caused by scar contracture, atrophy, and myofibrosis. Many authors, therefore, emphasized the importance of physical therapy especially after BSSRO to prevent the complication. Based on that idea, we designed more conservative surgical method to limit mandibular openning compared the methods that previously introduced and tried to treat the CRD. This new method consists of extensive subperiosteal dissection of masseter and the temporalis muscle under local anesthesia and use of intermaxillary elastics for some periods.

민간 체육시설 이용자의 만족도에 관한 연구

진중의,김진표,손영학 龍仁大學校 體育科學硏究所 2002 體育科學硏究論叢 Vol.12 No.1

The purpose of this study is on examining closely and precisely the correlations between the realities with using sporting centers and satisfaction of people using them. Firstly, in order to achieve that purpose, I have analyzed the differences in people's satisfaction that are caused by characteristics of the Population Statistics. Then I have studied about effects of realities on people using the sporting centers to the satisfaction. In this research, some health clubs in Teagu have been focused on the frame to be required. I picked 250 people randomly first but excluded 67 people who have been considered as being answered with insincerity or have been omitted due to insufficiency on the final questionnaire, which means finally 193 people were completely answered. This study includes totally 42 questions that are made up of 4 Population statistical questions about tools used as assessments, 3 questions about causes of the realities of sporting activities, and 35 questions about causes of the satisfaction rate by using some analyzing methodologies that are used, such as the frequency analytics, t-test, One way anova, scheffe's post-inspection, interrelationship analytics, regression analytics, and so on. Could get some meaningful results like following with using those methodologies mentioned before. Firstly, I could find out meaningful differences between different categories, amongst the Population Statistics characteristics in people using the sport centers, that were leader's ages, equipment satisfaction differentiated by the standards of education in the sporting programs, equipment satisfaction in the leader's different wages, and so on. Secondly, in the lower leveled realities causes, the equipment satisfaction has been revealed statistically around 5%(actually 8.1%) in frequency of participation whereas the programs have been indicated approximately 5%(actually 7.0%) in the term of participation.

일부 전문대 응급구조학생의 응급구조전문직관의 변화에 대한 연구

김학수,최은숙,김진회,신동민,이인수 한국응급구조학회 1997 한국응급구조학회지 Vol.1 No.1

The purpose of this study was to identify the change of perceptions related to E.M.T. profession of E.M.T. student and to provide the basic data for development of curriculum. The subjects of the survey were 216 students from 3 junior college by questionnaire from November 25 to November 29. 1996 in Kwang-Ju, Cheong-Ju, and Kong-Ju. The results were analyzed using the SAS and can be summarized as follows : 1. The view on profession was a statistically significant difference inspecial knowledge & skill training (t=-1.686, P<.001), high income (t=-0.753, p<.05) 2. The view on competence as a E.M.T. was a statistically significant difference in sufficient professional knowledge on the E.MT (t=-1.144. p<.001).own s health (t=-0 808, P<.001), sincerity and responsibility (t=-1.429. p<.01), satisfaction and effort (t=-1.335, p<.01) , boundary of affairs (t=-1.356, p<.01) 3. The view on E.M.T. profession was a statistically significant difference inprotect of pt. life & to relieve the pain (t=-2.388, p<.001) 4. The view on necessary knowledge of E.M.T. was a statistically significant difference in patient assessment (t=-2.168, p<.001), ACLS (t=1.678, p<.001), hemorrhage & shock (t=-3.252, p<.001), trauma (t=-4.284, p<001), cardiopulmonary disturbance (t=-2.897, p<.001), acute abdomen(t=-4.284, p<.001), neonatal disease(t=-4.032, p<.001), OBGY disease(t=-4.151, p<.001), emergency delivery (t=-2.825, p<.001), infectious disease (t=-2.930, p<.01), environmental emergency (t=-3.123, p<.05), recording(t=2.22, p<.05) 5. The view on ideology of E.M.T was a statistically significant difference in belief & faith (t=-2.344, p<.001), knowing of own (t=-2.142, P<.01) humanity (t=-2.581, p<.05), knowing of patient (t=-2.079, p<.05)

유산소성 운동이 대퇴부 근기능 및 근효소 수준에 미치는 효과

오학수,이혜진 圓光大學校 附設 體力科學硏究所 2000 體力科學硏究 Vol.23 No.-

In this thesis, in order to examine closely how aerobic dancing, aerobic exercise, have an effect on the muscle function and the muscle enzyme level of the thigh being tested on six persons of aerobic exercise group, six persons of firing group and five persons of non-exercise group. They were obtained conclusion as the follows in the result measuring and analyzing the muscle strength of the thigh, the muscle endurance and activated of LDH and CPK, muscle the blood enzyme, before and after repetition exercise of extenion/flexion exercise centering around knee joint by using Kin-com, isokinetic. The results of this study were as folloowings; 1. The change of the muscular strength among the three group in isokinetic ratio at the lower work speed 60˚/sec was significantly appeared as A·E·G(p<.01) in all the extension strength and flexion strength. But there was no significant difference in the ipsilateral blance ratio. extension was appeared (p<.05) and flexion strength was appeared (p<.01) in the middle work speed 120˚/sec. 2. Total work in the change of the muscle endurance among the three group through the repetition exercise of extension/flexion strength 25 times in the angular velocity 120˚/sec was significantly proved A·E·G in extension strength(p<.01) and the average power also was significantly proved in flexion st(p<.05) and extension strength(p<.01), but the fatigue index of the muscle was not significant difference. 3. The change of the muscle enzyme level in the blood after the maximum expansion and contraction exercise extension/flexion strength in the middle work speed 120˚/sec was no significant difference among the three group in rest time before and after exercise of LDH, but exercise group appeared low in the range of increase before and after exercise. Also, CPK is viewed significantly among the three group in stability before and after exercise and exercise group appeared low in the range of increase before and after exercise and an interaction effect among the each group appeared high.

에이즈 메모리얼 퀼트를 이용한 공공 행위 미술에 관하여

김학진 한국공예학회 2000 조형디자인연구 Vol.3 No.2

From the 20th century, art materials and displays are represented with various methods. The concept of time and space disappears gradually and each artists experimental works have created the culture of new age. Among these things, the AIDS that has remained as a fatal disease for us based on 1980s has taken lots of peoples lives whom we love. This research has covered the social movement in the genre of fiber art that has started in the early 1980s to deliver the new message to not only the youth but also all of the people from the educational point of view. And it has emerged from the old demonstrational form that has occurred in the streets as the various means: consoling the people who are dying of AIDS removing the fear and the uncertainty for the fatal disease in our society, and expressing the disease prevention method and social problems with artistic works. And this research has done the study of display methodology that shows the threat of the fatal disease in our lives as the public art, and presents the educational point of view for the youth and adults. The works of Quilt play the role of connecting people with the dead with the strong power, and they are shown as the works of the most American style. And they were also used as the tools to raise the fund, deviating from the means of delivering message and displaying works in the large and public space. The works that have participated in these displays have the same meaning in everywhere of the earth. And through these works we can feel the traditional breath, fitting the traditional style using the cloth in the public space and the technique our ancestors have used into the modern society. These works are the conduct-artistic message in the public space that has made people feel the preciousness.

튜브형 이산화질소 passive sampler의 태양광 영향에 관한 분석

이범진,김학민,인치경,김선태 대전대학교 산업기술연구소 2000 산업기술연구소 論文集 Vol.11 No.2

The purpose of this study is to estimate the effect of sunlight on the measurement results of the tube type of NO2 passive sampler. Total 252 samples; seven duplicates, two sites with different concentration level, and nine days concerning to both exposure to sunlight and screened passive samplers with aluminium foil, were measured and analyzed. Relative standard deviation(%) of measurement data in this study was calculated as less than 10%, and it meant that even the simplest passive sampler showed comparatively high precision. The average concentration values of the screened passive samplers were turned out to be 22.4%∼25.5% higher than that of the passive samplers which were exposed to sunlight. Consequently, the sunlight was found to be the most important meteorological factor to affect the measurement for the tube type of passive samplers.

조경수목의 컨테이너생산과 노지생산 방식에 대한 비교연구 : 경제적 실용화 가능성을 중심으로 Economic Feasibility Study

김태진,김학범 안성산업대학교 1999 論文集 Vol.31 No.-

외국에 비해 국내에서는 아직 컨테이너식재가 보편화되지 않고 있어 그 효용성을 인식하지 못하여 왔다. 일부 조경수 생산업체를 중심으로 외국의 기술을 시범적으로 실험하여 적용가능성을 타진하는 경우가 있으나, 아직은 체계화된 연구결과를 발표하는 단계에까지는 이르지 못하고 있다. 그것은 생산자 측면에서는 기존의 조경수 생산업이 소규모의 영세성을 벗어나지 못하였고 품질위주의 생산보다는 양적인 식재관행에 의존하여 그때그때의 시장수요에 대응하는 수동적인 자세만을 견지해 왔기 때문이다. 연구개발 측면에서는 선진적인 조경수 생산분야에서의 신기술개발 관심이 부족하였고 일과성의 연구가 단편적으로 수행되고 있는 풍토에서 장기적인 안목의 연구투자가 뒷받침되지 못했기 때문이다. 따라서 컨테이너 생산기술 보급을 위해 참고하거나 현장에서 적용할 수 있는 기초자료가 거의 축적되어 있지 않다. 한편, 컨테이너 석재기술의 선진국인 미국, 유럽 등의 연구수준은 우리보다 앞서있으나, 그 기술을 그대로 도입하는 데는 몇 가지 문제점이 있다. 우선 4계절이 뚜렷한 우리나라의 기후조건에 적용가능성이 불투명하고, 생산되는 조경수목 또한 생리적, 생태적 차이가 있으므로 선진 연구결과에 따라 그대로 기술을 적용했을 경우, 동일한 성과를 보장 할 수 없다. 또한 저림한 조경수목의 단가에 비해 컨테이너 생산방식의 도입에 따라 과다한 생산비 증가요인이 발생될 경우, 그 생산기법이 아무리 효과적이라도 실용화 되기 어렵다. 특히, 노지재배를 주로 하고 있는 우리나라 조경생산업의 현실에서 외국의 선진 컨테이너의 무분별한 도입으로 그 실용화 가능성에 대한 검증이 이루어지지 못하게 된다면, 계속 기술 종속적인 상태로 영세성과 후진성을 면치 못하게 될 것이다. 따라서 본 고에서는 우선 컨테이너 생산방식의 실용화 가능성을 살펴보기 위하여 기존의 노지생산방식과 어떤 차이 가 있는 지 생산비를 기준으로 비교·분석하여 보았다. 분석결과, 컨테이너 생산방식은 굴취인건미가 노지생만방식의 20%에 불과하고 보조재료비와 운반비를 포함했을 경우, 50% 수준이다. 반면 컨테이너 자재 및 주기적 이식 및 관리비용은 노지생산방식에 비해 약 4배정도 소요된다. 그러나 본 연구결과에 의하면 조경수 생산비에서 노루비가 차지하는 비율이 계속 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 기존의 조경수 생산방식은 노동력을 많이 요구하는 방식으로써, 가속화되어 가는 노동력 감소 추세에 비추어 한계를 가지고 있다. 따라서 적은 노동력과 균일한 품질의 조경수생산이 가능한 컨테이너 생산방식은 이러한 우리나라 여건에 잘 부응될 수 있는 기술이 될 것으로 사료된다. This study was aimed at finding out the economic feasibility of container versus traditional landscape tree production methods. The results were as follows. The uprooting labor cost of the container production method was at less 20% than the traditional production methods. And th total cost of supporting material and shipping was reached at 50%. The total cost of container supporting materials and transplanting(shipping) was calculated 4 times as the traditional production method. But, the labor cost was on the increasing nowadays, and the traditional production methods were labor consuming in it-self. Therefore, it has th limits as the decreasing nursery labor supply market conditions. I could be concluded that the container production methods have more advantages than the traditional production methods under the financial and manpower shortage conditions of nursery industry.

Chiral 2-allyl-1,3,2-dioxaborolane-4-5 dicarboxylic acid-diisopropulester-lithium azide 착물의 아지도기 전달반응

이학준,김진연 한양대학교 이학기술연구소 2004 이학기술연구지 Vol.7 No.

키랄성 아지도 유기붕소 화합물 3및 4를 D-및 L-타르타르산으로부터 합성한 후 에폭시화물의 고리열림 반응과 a,B-불포화 카르보닐 화합물에 컨쥬케이트 첨가반응을 시도하였다. 그결과, 도파로의 전파손실이 효율적인 광변조기의 제작에 해가 됨을 볼 수 있었다. Chiral azido organoboron compounds 3 and 4 were synthesized from D and L-tartrate. The ring opening reaction of epoxides and the conjugated addition reaction of a,B-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with compounds 3 and 4 were tried.