Establishment of Protocorm Suspension Cultures of Dendrobium candidum for the Production of Bioactive Compounds

Hai-Yan Cui,Hosakatte Niranjana Murthy,모상현,Yong-Yi Cui,백기엽 한국원예학회 2015 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.56 No.1

Dendrobium candidum is an important medicinal plant rich in polysaccharides, phenols, flavonoids and its bioactive compounds are known for various pharmacological activities. Natural populations of D. candidum are depleting due to overexploitation and increasing demand for medicinal and health products. An efficient protocol for protocorm suspension cultures of Dendrobium candidum in shake flasks was developed and the effect of auxins, basal media, nitrogen concentration, sucrose concentration, organic supplements like banana homogenate, coconut water and potato extract were investigated for the production of biomass and bioactive compounds. For the production of polysaccharides, polyphenolics, and flavonoids, the optimized culture conditions were found to be MS basal medium supplemented with 0.5 mg․L-1 NAA, 5:25 mM NH4:NO3 as nitrogen source, 2.5% (w/v) sucrose, and 1% (v/v) banana homogenate. Results of the current study could be used for scale-up process.

Endophytic Fungi Diversity of Aquatic/Riparian Plants and Their Antifungal Activity In Vitro

Hai-Yan Li,Chun-An Zhao,Chen-Jian Liu,Xiao-Fei Xu 한국미생물학회 2010 The journal of microbiology Vol.48 No.1

Two hundred and fourteen endophytic fungi were isolated from 500 segments of aquatic/riparian plants Ottelia acuminata, Myriophyllum verticillatum, Equisetum arvense, Cardamine multijuga, and Impatiens chinensis. They were identified to 31 taxa in which Cladosporium, Fusarium, and Geotrichum were the dominant genera. Among all isolates, 169 (79%) were anamorphic fungi, 1 (0.5%) was an teleomorphic ascomycete and 44 (21%)were sterile mycelia. There were significant differences in the colonization frequency of endophytes between the five plant species (X~2=51.128, P<0.001, Chi-square test). The riparian plants harboured more endophytes than the submerged plants. The antifungal activity of these isolates against Fusarium solani and Phytophthora nicotianae in vitro were tested and 28 (13.1%) isolates showed antifungal activities with more than 30% growth inhibition rate against the two pathogens.

Tunicamycin enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis by inhibition of cyclin D1 and the subsequent downregulation of survivin

Hai-Yan Zhang,Zhen-Xian Du,Bao-Qin Liu,Yan-Yan Gao,Xin Meng,Yifu Guan,Wei-Wei Deng,Hua-Qin Wang 생화학분자생물학회 2009 Experimental and molecular medicine Vol.41 No.5

TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been proposed as a promising cancer therapy that preferentially induces apoptosis in cancer cells, but not most normal tissues. However, many cancers are resistant to TRAIL by mechanisms that are poorly understood. In this study, we showed that tunicamycin, a naturally occurring antibiotic, was a potent enhancer of TRAIL-induced apoptosis through downregulation of survivin. The tunicamycin-mediated sensitization to TRAIL was efficiently reduced by forced expression of survivin, suggesting that the sensitization was mediated at least in part through inhibition of survivin expression. Tunicamycin also repressed expression of cyclin D1, a cell cycle regulator commonly overexpressed in thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, silencing cyclin D1 by RNA interference reduced survivin expression and sensitized thyroid cancer cells to TRAIL; in contrast, forced expression of cyclin D1 attenuated tunicamycin-potentiated TRAIL-induced apoptosis via over-riding downregulation of survivin. Collectively, our results demonstrated that tunicamycin promoted TRAIL-induced apoptosis, at least in part, by inhibiting the expression of cyclin D1 and subsequent survivin. Of note, tunicamycin did not sensitize the differentiated thyroid epithelial cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Thus, combined treatment with tunicamycin and TRAIL may offer an attractive strategy for safely treating resistant thyroid cancers. TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has been proposed as a promising cancer therapy that preferentially induces apoptosis in cancer cells, but not most normal tissues. However, many cancers are resistant to TRAIL by mechanisms that are poorly understood. In this study, we showed that tunicamycin, a naturally occurring antibiotic, was a potent enhancer of TRAIL-induced apoptosis through downregulation of survivin. The tunicamycin-mediated sensitization to TRAIL was efficiently reduced by forced expression of survivin, suggesting that the sensitization was mediated at least in part through inhibition of survivin expression. Tunicamycin also repressed expression of cyclin D1, a cell cycle regulator commonly overexpressed in thyroid carcinoma. Furthermore, silencing cyclin D1 by RNA interference reduced survivin expression and sensitized thyroid cancer cells to TRAIL; in contrast, forced expression of cyclin D1 attenuated tunicamycin-potentiated TRAIL-induced apoptosis via over-riding downregulation of survivin. Collectively, our results demonstrated that tunicamycin promoted TRAIL-induced apoptosis, at least in part, by inhibiting the expression of cyclin D1 and subsequent survivin. Of note, tunicamycin did not sensitize the differentiated thyroid epithelial cells to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Thus, combined treatment with tunicamycin and TRAIL may offer an attractive strategy for safely treating resistant thyroid cancers.

Efficiency Analysis of Chinese Blockchain Concept Stock Listed Companies

Yan, Hai-Shui,Kim, Hyung-Ho,Yang, Jun-Won The Institute of Internet 2020 International journal of advanced smart convergenc Vol.9 No.3

With the continuous development and application of Internet technology, in recent years, new technologies such as cloud computing, big data, the Internet of Things, and AI are becoming more and more familiar to the general public. The development of a digital society has entered a new period of development. In this paper, we used on the 2018 annual data of 50 listed companies with blockchain concept stocks in China. Using data envelopment analysis (DEA) to study and analyze the input-output efficiency, it can be concluded that the input-output efficiency of 50 listed companies is very different. Inefficient companies are as high as 62%. Most companies have a large room for improvement in input-output efficiency due to uneconomical scale or inefficient technology. In order to better improve the company's input-output efficiency, one must improve the efficiency of resource utilization, optimize the company's research and development costs and the input and management of technical personnel; the second is to increase technological innovation and business innovation.

Potential roles of two Cathepsin genes, DcCath-L and DcCath-O in the innate immune response of Diaphorina citri

Hai-Zhong Yu a,Yu-Ling Huang,Ning-Yan Li,Yan-Xin Xie,Cheng-Hua Zhou,Zhan-Jun Lu 한국응용곤충학회 2019 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.22 No.4

Cathepsins belong to a group of mammalian papain-like cysteine proteases that play an important role in the insect immune response. In the present study, we identified two cathepsin genes from the Diaphorina citri genome database, cathepsin-L (DcCath-L) and cathepsin-O (DcCath-O). DcCath-L encodes a DcCath-L protein consisting of 348 amino acid residues, and DcCath-O encodes a DcCath-O protein consisting of 329 amino acid residues. DcCaths contain two conserved domains, the Inhibitor_I29 and Pept_C1 domains. Phylogenetic tree analysis revealed that DcCath-L and DcCath-O were divided into two different groups: Cathepsin-L and Cathepsin-O. Reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that both DcCath-O and DCCath-L were highly expressed in the midgut, while lower expression was observed in other tissues. Developmental stage expression analysis suggested that DcCath-O was mainly expressed in third instar nymph and adult, and DcCath-L was highly expressed in first and fourth instar nymph. Following exposure to two different heat-killed bacteria (Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the expression of DcCath-O and DcCath-L was significantly increased and showed differential expression patterns at different time points. In addition, silencing of DcCath-L obvious affected the gene expression of members of the Toll pathway, while knock down of DcCath-L has no significantly influence. Overall, these data provide valuable information for further functional studies of D. citri cathepsins.

Multiple Impairments in Male Reproduction 1 (mimr1), a Novel Male-Sterile Mutant of Arabidopsis thaliana, Shows Several Defects in Male Reproductive Development

Hai-Yan Chen,Yue-Feng Guan,Xue-Yong Huang,Yu-Ting Wu,Fen-Fei Wang,Ju-Fang Gao,Que Zhou,Zhong-Nan Yang,Jia-Yao Liu,Hong-Xia Zhang 한국식물학회 2012 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.55 No.3

We have characterized a new male-sterile mutant in Arabidopsis that exhibits conditional sterility but has restored fertility when drought-stressed. This mutant,multiple impairments in male reproduction 1 (mimr1),shows pleiotropic defects in both vegetative and reproductive development. Examination with dissecting and scanning electron microscopes revealed that its pollen grains are not effectively released from the anther locule after dehiscence, and anther differentiation is defective. Growth of the style and stamen filaments are also abnormal. Histological analysis demonstrated that these phenomena are due not only to a noticeably reduced extension of the stamen but also greater elongation of the pistil. Genetic analysis indicated that mimr1 is a single locus recessive nuclear mutant. The mutation can be mapped to a locus strongly linked to a 1200-kb region on Chromosome 3. Meta-analysis of expression patterning presented several candidate genes in that region. No mutants with similar phenotypes have previously been reported, suggesting that mimr1 is a novel male-sterile locus. Characterization of MIMR1 will provide further insights into the molecular basis for the development of plant reproductive organs.

연구논문 : 중국 부동산 보유 과세 제도 개선 방안 연구

( Hai Yan Sun ) 한국문명학회 2013 문명연지 Vol.14 No.1

In China, real estate has become a rapidly developing, but the professional real estate tax system about real estate transactions and real estate retention are not yet equipped. Tax burden is overweight in acquisition phase. property taxes now are mere scrap of paper. This phenomenon not only hinders the efficient use of real estate resources, but also prevents property tax from playing a variety of roles. In order to ensure fiscal revenue and curb real estate speculation, the paper proposes some measures like substantially reducing tax exemption, setting the tax base at market price, introducing progressive tax rates, and setting family as tax unit, etc.

Graphene nanosheet/silicone composite with enhanced thermal conductivity and its application in heat dissipation of high-power light-emitting diodes

Hai Yan Zhang,Yingxi Lin,Danfeng Zhang,Wenguang Wang,Yuxiong Xing,Jin Lin,Haoqun Hong,Chunhui Li 한국물리학회 2016 Current Applied Physics Vol.16 No.12

Heat dissipation from light-emitting diodes (LEDs) has become a serious problem because of the LEDs' high luminosity and power. This problem could be solved by improving the dissipation efficiency of each LED system component. A microwave-reduced graphene nanosheet/silicone (GN/silicone) composite with a high thermal conductivity and stability was prepared by mechanical blending. The thermal conductivity of the composite reaches 2.7 W/(m K) with only 1.5 wt% loading, and is 12 times higher than the pure silicone matrix. When used as a thermal interface material between high-power LED chip module substrates and heat sinks, the thermal conductive GN/silicone composite could decrease the temperature difference between the substrate and shell. It could also improve the system heat transfer efficiency. The temperature gap between the heat slug and the heat sink was less than 2 C with a 1.5 wt% loading of GNs.

The Comparison and the Relationship of Chinese Characters Dictionary between China and Overseas - Songben Yupian of China and Quanyun Yupian of Korea -

Hai-yan LI 세계한자학회 2023 世界漢字硏究 Vol.6 No.2

The two most well-known Chinese characters dictionaries are Songben Yupian from China and Quanyun Yupian from Korea. These dictionaries contain a wealth of information on Chinese characters at the diachronic and synchronic level, while also retaining much information on Chinese characters during the period of its movement overseas. This paper is a corpus-based study which analyzes the differences in the style of arrangement, phonetic notation mode, interpretation, form interpretation, and other aspects of the two dictionaries, and further summarizes the laws of the development of Chinese characters in overseas dissemination. The result of this study indicates that the function of the two dictionaries is different, that the Chinese characters remained stable during their transmission to other countries, and that the overall trend in the evolution of the characters is toward simplification, and that the main way that Chinese characters morph extraterritorially is via phonetic and semantic replacement.

Phellinus linteus Extract Exerts Anti-asthmatic Effects by Suppressing NF-${\kappa}B$ and p38 MAPK Activity in an OVA-induced Mouse Model of Asthma

Yan, Guang Hai,Choi, Yun Ho The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2014 Immune Network Vol.14 No.2

Phellinus linteus has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in Asian countries and is known to have anti-tumor, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic activities. However, the protective effects of P. linteus against experimental asthma have not been fully investigated. The objective of this study was to determine whether P. linteus ethanol extract (PLE) suppresses inflammatory response in an OVA-induced asthma model. As expected, the oral administration of PLE significantly inhibited eosinophilic airway inflammation and airway hyperresponsiveness in OVA-challenged BALB/c mice. Supporting these data, the augmentation of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13), eotaxin, and adhesion molecules in lung tissues and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid after OVA inhalation was markedly attenuated by PLE. Furthermore, PLE reduced OVA-induced activation of NF-${\kappa}B$ and p38 MAPK in lung tissues. Therefore, our results suggest the potential of P. linteus as a therapeutic agent for asthma.