An evaluation on power generation of water resources facilities in North Korea considering climate change

Eo, Gyu,Lee, Chan Hee,Sim, Ou Bae,Ahn, Jaehyun 한국수자원학회 2018 한국수자원학회논문집 Vol.51 No.4

기후변화 영향으로 미래의 유출량은 변화할 것이다. 미래 유출량의 변화는 수자원시설에 유입량을 변화시켜 발전량에 영향을 미친다. 본 연구는 기후변화로 인한 유출변화에 따른 북한 수자원시설 발전량을 평가하였다. 수자원시설에 대한 발전량은 물의 에너지에 의해 수차 발전기를 회전시켜 전력을 발생시킨다. 즉, 물의 위치에너지를 운동에너지로 바꾸고 운동에너지를 다시 전기에너지로 변화시키는 것이다. 본 연구의 평가 결과, 북한 수자원시설 발전량은 현재보다 2011년부터 2040년까지 감소하였고, 2041년부터 2100년까지는 증가하였다. 또한, 기존 북한 수자원시설의 발전량은 미래에 감소하거나 현재와 비슷하게 나타났다. 신규 북한 수자원시설의 발전량은 단기적으로는 감소하지만, 중장기 미래에는 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 기존 북한 수자원시설은 기후변화 영향에 취약하고, 신규 북한 수자원시설은 기후변화 영향에 유리하게 입지하고 있는 것으로 판단된다. The runoff will be changed in the future due to climate change, and this phenomenon affects the flood inflow to Water Resources Facilities (WRF) and its production. This study has evaluated the electric power generation of WRF in North Korea as climate change. The WRF can produce the electric power by rotating the hydraulic turbine using the energy of water. In other words, it converts the potential energy to the kinetic energy, then the kinetic energy to the electric energy. As a result of this study, the amount of power generation of WRF in North Korea decreased from 2011 to 2040, and increased from 2041 to 2100, comparing with present. In other words, the productivity will decrease at first (2011~2040) but increase (2041~2100). It is because there will be new facilities for climate change, and the capacities of them will be getting far better than the existing facilities. The existing North Korean WRFs are vulnerable to the effects of climate change, and it is judged that the new North Korean WRFs are advantageously located in the influence of climate change.

Development of a New Concept of Public Facility Recovery for Large-Scale Disasters

Gyu Eo,Chan Hee Lee,Ou Bae Sim 위기관리 이론과 실천 2017 Crisisonomy Vol.13 No.12

본 연구는 대규모 복합재해로 인한 피해 발생 시 근원적 피해원인 해소와 재피해 방지를 위해 공공시설에 대한 신개념 복구기법을 개발하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 우리나라의 경우 공공시설에 대한 복구기법은 피해시설물, 피해지점 중심의 구조적 기능복원에 초점을 두고 있다. 이러한 한계와 국내 대규모 피해사례 원인분석, 선진국의 대규모 재해 복구기법 등을 종합적으로 고려하여 신개념 공공시설 복구기법 개발방향을 설정하였다. 이를 위해 국내 대규모 피해사례와 해외 대규모 복구사례를 집중적으로 분석하여 공공시설 복구기법을 도출하고, 확장성과 범용성을 확보하기 위해 복구기법을 표준화하였다. 이를 도시차원과 지역차원으로 유형화하고, 공간규모를 고려한 기법으로 계층화하여 토지이용과 시설(교통, 공간, 방재 등) 측면의 복구기법을 34개(도시차원 16개, 지역차원 18개) 도출하였다. 최종적으로 복구기법의 적용방안(절차, 방법 등)을 제시하였다. The purpose of this study is to develop anew concept technique of public facility restoration in order to prevent damage from large-scale complex disasters. In Korea, restoration techniques for public facilities have focused on restoration of structural functions centered on damaged facilities and damaged points. We set up the direction of the development based on anew concept of public facility restoration. We conducted an intensive review of large-scale damage cases in Korea and restoration cases from other countries and derived techniques of public facility restoration. We also standardized, typified and multi-layered 16 city-level and 18 region-level new concept techniquesof public facilities restoration in terms of land use and facility type. Finally, we demonstratedhow the techniques can be applied.

해안가 복합재난 지역맞춤형 재해예방기법 적용

어규(Eo, Gyu),임준혁(Im, Jun Hyeok),강태욱(Kang, TaeUk),남수용(Nam, SuYong),오국열(Oh, Kuk Ryul) 한국방재학회 2019 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.19 No.7

기후변화에 따라 단일 재해 보단 동시다발적인 복합재난이 발생하는 추세이다. 우리나라는 대부분 해안 및 하천에 연결되는 하구에 도시가 발달되어 있어 해수면 상승에 따른 복합재난 위험성이 크게 증가하고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 해안가 복합재난에 대한 지역맞춤형 요소를 도출하고 현장에 시범적용 하는데 목적이 있다. 5개의 지역맞춤형 요소와 재해예방기법을 전문가 설문을 통해 최종적으로 도출하였고, 과거 피해이력과 침수 시뮬레이션을 통하여 시범지역에 적용하였다. 시범지역에 하천대책, 내수(도시)대책, 다중방어대책을 제시하였으며, 향후 지역특성을 고려한 재해예방기법을 적재적소에 적용 가능할 것으로 판단된다. Because of climate change, composite disasters have been occurring rather than single disasters. The risk of composite disasters due to sea-level rise has increased because most cities in Korea are developed in estuaries, which are connected to the coasts and rivers. The purpose of this study is to identify the regional-condition factors that cause coastal composite disasters and to apply on-site prevention. Five regionally tailored elements and disaster-prevention techniques were finally derived through surveys and were applied to the pilot area using past damage history and flooding simulation. We proposed multi-defense measures for rivers, urban areas (cities), and the pilot area. We believe that customized disaster-prevention techniques will be applicable to the region in the future.

해안가 복합재난 위험지구에 대한 재해예방기법 특성요소 개발 및 평가

어규(Eo, Gyu),임준혁(Im, Jun Hyeok),권태영(Kwon, Tae Young),오국열(Oh, Kuk Ryul),심우배(Sim, Ou Bae) 한국기후변화학회 2019 한국기후변화학회지 Vol.10 No.3

도시차원 홍수재해 다중방어체계 복구기법 개발

어규(Eo Gyu),이찬희(Lee Chan Hee),이성현(Lee Sung Hyun),오국열(Oh Kuk Ryul),심우배(Sim Ou Bae) 한국방재학회 2018 한국방재학회논문집 Vol.18 No.6

본 연구는 대규모 홍수발생 시 근원적 피해원인 해소와 재피해 방지를 위해 시군구 지자체 단위인 도시차원에 대한 다중방어체계 복구기법 개발하는 것을 목적으로 한다. 우리나라의 복구기법은 피해시설물, 피해지점 중심의 구조적 기능복원에 초점을 두고 있으며, 개별시설 설계기준을 적용하여 복구하는 실정이다. 이러한 한계에 국내 해외사례, 현행 복구기법 제도, 재해영향 및 원인분석을 통해 다중방어체계 개념을 도입한 복구기법을 개발하였다. 이를 위해 도시차원 다중방어체계 복구기법 적용기준을 정립하였고, 현행 시설기준 및 방재신기술을 추가 조사하여 도시차원 다중방어체계 복구기법을 개발하였다. 본 연구를 통해 대규모 재해발생시 복구에 활용이 가능하며, 동일한 대규모 피해에 대한 재피해 방지 및 재해 이전보다 높은 안전을 확보하는데 기대된다. The purpose of this study is to develop an urban-scale, multi-defense system restoration scheme for use in cities and counties. Restoration techniques used in Korea focus on restoration of structural functions based on damaged facilities and damaged points. This restoration technique is implemented by applying individual facility design standards. In this study, a recovery method that incorporates the concept of multiple defense systems was developed through analysis of domestic and foreign cases, current recovery techniques, disaster impacts, and causes. First, the criteria for applying the urban-scale, multi-defense system recovery technique was established. Next, an urban-scale defense system construction restoration technique was developed by further investigating the existing facilities standard and the new disaster prevention technology. The results of this study would be useful for recovering and preventing cities from urban-scale disasters and improving safety.

Frequency and Clinical Characteristics of Hydroxychloroquine Retinopathy in Korean Patients with Rheumatologic Diseases

Eo, Doo-ri,Lee, Min Gyu,Ham, Don-Il,Kang, Se Woong,Lee, Jaejoon,Cha, Hoon Suk,Koh, Eunmi,Kim, Sang Jin KOREAN ACADEMY OF MEDICAL SCIENCE 2017 JOURNAL OF KOREAN MEDICAL SCIENCE Vol.32 No.3

<P>This study aimed to evaluate the frequency and clinical characteristics of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy in Korean patients with rheumatologic diseases. We retrospectively reviewed medical records of 310 patients taking HCQ. Ophthalmic examinations included spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), automated visual field test, and fundus autofluorescence. The severity of retinopathy was categorized as early, moderate, or severe, and the location was categorized as parafoveal, pericentral, or mixed pattern. Among 310 patients, 9 patients (2.9%) were diagnosed as HCQ retinopathy. Among the patients with HCQ use ≥ 5 years (n = 174), the frequency was 5.2%. Only 1 (11.1%) of the 9 patients was symptomatic. The mean daily dose per kilogram of real body weight of the 9 patients was 5.6 mg, and only 3 had used 6.5 mg or more. Four of the 9 patients had severe HCQ retinopathy. Six of the 9 patients showed pericentral or mixed pattern of retinal damage. Consequently, the frequency of HCQ retinopathy in Korean patients was not low, especially when administered at a high cumulative dose and for a long duration. Screening of HCQ retinopathy by the recommended guidelines that include SD-OCT seems useful and should be done to detect retinal damage earlier in patients with chronic exposure to HCQ.</P>

Association of DNA methylation and monoamine oxidase A gene expression in the brains of different dog breeds

Eo, JungWoo,Lee, Hee-Eun,Nam, Gyu-Hwi,Kwon, Yun-Jeong,Choi, Yuri,Choi, Bong-Hwan,Huh, Jae-Won,Kim, Minkyu,Lee, Sang-Eun,Seo, Bohyun,Kim, Heui-Soo Elsevier 2016 Gene Vol.580 No.2

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The monoamine oxidase A (<I>MAOA</I>) gene is an important candidate gene for human behavior that encodes an enzyme regulating the metabolism of key neurotransmitters. The regulatory mechanisms of the <I>MAOA</I> gene in dogs are yet to be elucidated. We measured <I>MAOA</I> gene transcription and analyzed the VNTR genotype and methylation status of the gene promoter region in different dog breeds to determine whether <I>MAOA</I> expression is correlated with the <I>MAOA</I> genotype or epigenetic modification in dogs. We found brain-specific expression of the <I>MAOA</I> gene and different transcription levels in different dog breeds including Beagle, Sapsaree, and German shepherd, and also a robust association of the DNA methylation of the gene promoter with mRNA levels. However, the 90bp tandem repeats that we observed near the transcription start site were not variable, indicating no correlation with canine MAOA activity. These results show that differential DNA methylation in the <I>MAOA</I> promoter region may affect gene expression by modulating promoter activity. Moreover, the distinctive patterns of <I>MAOA</I> expression and DNA methylation may be involved in breed-specific or individual behavioral characteristics, such as aggression, because behavioral phenotypes are related to different physiological and neuroendocrine responses.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The monoamine oxidase A (<I>MAOA</I>) gene is an important candidate gene. </LI> <LI> <I>MAOA</I> encodes an enzyme regulating the metabolism of key neurotransmitters. </LI> <LI> The patterns of <I>MAOA</I> expression and DNA methylation may be involved in breed-specific or individual behavior. </LI> <LI> The transcription levels of <I>MAOA</I> were also different in the brains of different dog breeds. </LI> <LI> The differential expression and DNA methylation of <I>MAOA</I> may contribute to differences in behavioral phenotypes of breeds. </LI> </UL> </P>

A 1.8 V 40-MS/sec 10-bit 0.18-㎛ CMOS Pipelined ADC using a Bootstrapped Switch with Constant Resistance

Eo, Ji-Hun,Kim, Sang-Hun,Kim, Mun-Gyu,Jang, Young-Chan The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2012 Journal of information and communication convergen Vol.10 No.1

A 40-MS/sec 10-bit pipelined analog to digital converter (ADC) with a 1.2 Vpp differential input signal is proposed. The implemented pipelined ADC consists of eight stages of 1.5 bit/stage, one stage of 2 bit/stage, a digital error correction block, band-gap reference circuit & reference driver, and clock generator. The 1.5 bit/stage consists of a sub-ADC, digital to analog (DAC), and gain stage, and the 2.0 bit/stage consists of only a 2-bit sub-ADC. A bootstrapped switch with a constant resistance is proposed to improve the linearity of the input switch. It reduces the maximum VGS variation of the conventional bootstrapped switch by 67%. The proposed bootstrapped switch is used in the first 1.5 bit/stage instead of a sample-hold amplifier (SHA). This results in the reduction of the hardware and power consumption. It also increases the input bandwidth and dynamic performance. A reference voltage for the ADC is driven by using an on-chip reference driver without an external reference. A digital error correction with a redundancy is also used to compensate for analog noise such as an input offset voltage of a comparator and a gain error of a gain stage. The proposed pipelined ADC is implemented by using a 0.18-${\mu}m$ 1- poly 5-metal CMOS process with a 1.8 V supply. The total area including a power decoupling capacitor and the power consumption are 0.95 $mm^2$ and 51.5 mW, respectively. The signal-to-noise and distortion ratio (SNDR) is 56.15 dB at the Nyquist frequency, resulting in an effective number of bits (ENOB) of 9.03 bits.

Influence of Heat Treatment Conditions on Temperature Control Parameter(t₁) in Developing SMA Actuators for Minimally Invasive Surgery

Young-Gyu Yang,Eun-Kyung Eo,Kwang-Suk Jang,Ho-Sang Lee,Cheol-Woong Kim 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.4

Experimental Study of Thermal Characteristics of Heating Part in Far Infrared Heater

Young-Gyu Yang,Ho-Sang Lee,Kwang-Suk Jang,Eun-Kyung Eo,Cheol-Woong Kim 대한기계학회 2010 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2010 No.4