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엄나무 (Kalopanax pictus Nakai) 줄기 추출물이 In vitro 반추위 발효와 메탄저감에 미치는 영향
김재성,황문석,김용채,윤영만,배귀석,김창현,Kim, Jae Seong,Hwang, Moon Seok,Kim, Yong Chae,Yoon, Young-Man,Bae, Gui Sek,Kim, Chang-Hyun 한국축산환경학회 2015 한국축산시설환경학회지 Vol.21 No.3
An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of Kalopanax pictus Nakai (Kalopanax) on in vitro rumen fermentation and methane (CH4) reduction. Kalopanax trunk was extracted with 70% ethanol and 70% methanol. Rumen fluid, alfalfa hay and buffer (control: C) supplemented with 0.3% Kalopanx juice (T1), 0.3% ethanol extract (T2) and 0.3% methanol extract (T3) in the total volume of culture medium were incubated at $38^{\circ}C$ for 24h and 48h. Rumen pH was lower in all Kalopanax treatments during all incubations than that in control (p<0.05). Total VFA and total gas production in T2 and T3 was significantly higher than that in C at 48h incubation (p<0.05). Ammonia-N was decreased in all treatments compared with C during the incubation periods (p<0.05). At 24h incubation, $CH_4$ contents were significantly reduced by both alcohol extracts. It is concluded that supplementing Kalopanax extracts can stimulate ruminal fermentation of rumen microorganisms and inhibit methanogenesis.
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${\beta}$-Mannanase (CTCZYME$^{(R)}$) 첨가가 어린 송아지의 성장에 미치는 영향
이세영,이상문,김종형,기광석,김현섭,감동근,이재환,이정진,배귀석,서성원,Lee, Se-Young,Lee, Sang-Moon,Kim, Jong-Hyeong,Ki, Kwang-Seok,Kim, Hyeon-Shup,Kam, Dong-Keun,Lee, Jae-Hwan,Lee, Jung-Jin,Bae, Gui-Seck,Seo, Seong-Won 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2010 농업과학연구 Vol.37 No.2
The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of supplementation of ${\beta}$-mannanase (CTCZYME$^{(R)}$, CTCBIO, Inc.) on feed intake, growth performance and fecal health of calves fed two levels (3% vs. 8%) of palm kernel meal (PKM). A total of nine Holstein calves were divided into three groups, and fed a conventional starter containing 3% PKM (CON), CON+0.1% CTCZYME$^{(R)}$ (TRT1), or a starter containing 8% PKM+0.1% CTCZYME$^{(R)}$ (TRT2). No clinical symptom of calves was observed through the trial. We did not find significant differences among the treatments on mean feed intake, growth performance, or fecal health during the four-week experimental period. Feed efficiency tended to be improved by adding CTCZYME$^{(R)}$ (0.46, 0.87 and 0.52 for CON, TRT1 and TRT2, respectively). Compared with CON (921 g/d and 786 g/d), TRT2 had lower feed intake (727 g/d) and average daily gain (ADG, 631 g/d) before weaning. However, feed intake (2300 g/d) and ADG (1012 g/d) were similar or even higher in TRT2 than CON (2269 g/d and 560 g/d) after weaning. This was probably due to the effect of a large amount of mannan-oligosaccharide released from PKM by ${\beta}$-mannanase. Salmonella was not detected any fecal samples. No significant difference was observed in the number of fecal E. coli or fecal properties including color, smell, and watery indexes among the treatments. We conclude that a calf starter containing 8% PKM with 0.1% CTCZYME$^{(R)}$ is comparable with a conventional starter in feed intake and growth performance of calf, which is beneficial in terms of reduction in feed cost.
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β-Mannanase (CTCZYME<SUP>®</SUP>) 첨가가 어린 송아지의 성장에 미치는 영향
이세영(Se-Young Lee),이상문(Sang-Moon Lee),김종형(Jong-Hyeong Kim),기광석(Kwang-Seok Ki),김현섭(Hyeon-Shup Kim),감동근(Dong-Keun Kam),이재환(Jae-Hwan Lee),이정진(Jung-Jin Lee),배귀석(Gui-Seck Bae),서성원(Seongwon Seo) 충남대학교 농업과학연구소 2010 농업과학연구 Vol.37 No.2
The objective of this study was to evaluate effects of supplementation of β-mannanase (CTCZYME<SUP>ⓡ</SUP>, CTCBIO, Inc.) on feed intake, growth performance and fecal health of calves fed two levels (3% vs. 8%) of palm kernel meal (PKM). A total of nine Holstein calves were divided into three groups, and fed a conventional starter containing 3% PKM (CON), CON+ 0.1% CTCZYME <SUP>ⓡ</SUP> (TRT1), or a starter containing 8% PKM+ 0.1% CTCZYME<SUP>ⓡ</SUP> (TRT2). No clinical symptom of calves was observed through the trial. We did not find significant differences among the treatments on mean feed intake, growth performance, or fecal health during the four-week experimental period. Feed efficiency tended to be improved by adding CTCZYME<SUP>ⓡ</SUP> (0.46, 0.87 and 0.52 for CON, TRT1 and TRT2, respectively). Compared with CON (921 g/d and 786 g/d), TRT2 had lower feed intake (727 g/d) and average daily gain (ADG, 631 g/d) before weaning. However, feed intake (2300 g/d) and ADG (1012 g/d) were similar or even higher in TRT2 than CON (2269 g/d and 560 g/d) after weaning. This was probably due to the effect of a large amount of mannan-oligosaccharide released from PKM by β-mannanase. Salmonella was not detected any fecal samples. No significant difference was observed in the number of fecal E. coli or fecal properties including color, smell, and watery indexes among the treatments. We conclude that a calf starter containing 8% PKM with 0.1% CTCZYME<SUP>ⓡ</SUP> is comparable with a conventional starter in feed intake and growth performance of calf, which is beneficial in terms of reduction in feed cost.
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Real-time PCR을 이용한 가축생균제용 유산균 정량분석
Yeon Jae Choi(최연재),Sun Ho Kim(김선호),Min Jeong Gu(구민정),Han Na Choe(최한나),Dong Un Kim(김동운),Sang Bum Cho(조상범),Su Ki Kim(김수기),Che Ok Jeon(전체옥),Gui Seok Bae(배귀석),Sang Seok Lee(이상석) 한국생명과학회 2010 생명과학회지 Vol.20 No.12
본 연구는 가축생균제용 유산균을 Real-time PCR정량분석법을 이용하여 분석하였다. SYBR Green1 방법과 Probe 방법을 이용하여 표준곡선을 제작한 결과, SYBR Green1 방법에서는 Slope 값이 -3.346이었고, Y절편은 33.18, R² 값은 0.993으로 나타났으며, Probe 방법에서는 Slope값이 -3.321이었고, Y절편은 39.10, R² 값은 0.995로 나타나, 이를 이용한 표준곡선 제작이 가능함을 알 수 있었다. SYBR Green1 방법을 이용한 생균제의 Lactobacilli 정성ㆍ정량 분석결과 Real-time PCR값은 4.46~6.56 log copies로 나타났고, 생균수 측정 결과 값은 5.63~7.59 log CFU/g로 나타났으며, Probe 방법을 이용한 생균제의 Lactobacilli 정성ㆍ정량 분석결과에서는 Real-time PCR 값은 5.51~7.00 log copies로 나타났으며, 생균수 측정 결과 값은 5.63~7.59 log CFU/g로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 실시한 RT PCR법은 3~4일이 소요되는 기존의 배지법과 비교하여 24시간 이내에 신속하게 검출이 가능하다고 여겨지며, 또한 RT PCR을 이용한 분석방법에서도 dye 사용과 primer 사용에 따라 결과값이 차이가 나타났음을 확인할 수 있었으며, Probe 방법을 이용하여 실험 한 결과가 민감한 결과를 나타내었음을 확인 할 수 있었다. This study was conducted using quantitative real-time PCR using Lactobacilli as probiotics. Quantitative real-time PCR (RT PCR) was conducted via a method involving SYBR Green 1 and a probe. Plasmid DNA was cloned using the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic species region. Gene clones were diluted from 10² to 10¹?. Standard curves were constructed via Ct values obtained from the results of Real-time PCR via the aforementioned SYBR Green 1 and probe method. Plasmid DNA was also cloned using the 16S-23S rRNA intergenic species region and the gene clones were diluted from 10² to 10¹? copy numbers via the probe method. Using RT PCR, a standard curve of plasmid DNA copy numbers was also determined. The slope value for the Y-axis intercept and R² value were measured as -3.346, 33.18, and 0.993, respectively, via the first method. For the second method, the slope value for the Y-axis intercept and R² were -3.321, 31.10 and 0.995, respectively. The PCR inhibitor could not express the detection curve at a copy number over 10¹? via either method, owing to high DNA density. The DNA extract from probiotics was diluted without pre-culturing, and 16 products were amplified via both methods. The Ct value was 11.06~18.12 in the first method and 16.74~22.11 in the second method. Measured probiotics and log copy values were largely similar among the methods used. It was concluded that both methods are effective for analysis, but further research will be required to verify the optimal method.
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