Meridian Studies in China: A Systematic Review

Guang-Jun Wang,M. Hossein Ayati,Guang-Jun Wang 사단법인약침학회 2010 Journal of Acupuncture & Meridian Studies Vol.3 No.1

Meridian theory is a major part of Chinese medicine and has guided acupuncture and clinical practice for thousands of years. Meridian theory describes many important concepts about the rules of human body function and regulation, but has comparatively huge differences with the basic concepts of modern medicine. These differences have caused deep concern and attracted attention from scholars, both inside and outside of China. The interest in meridian theory lies in determining the structural nature of meridians. Not only is this information still unclear, it is very difficult to achieve clear results in a short period of time. Despite this, the phenomena of meridians can be used as the entry point for meridian studies. After many years of effort, although the physical structure of meridians has not been found, the existence of the meridian phenomena has been fully confirmed. Although there is a lack of morphological evidence for the existence of the meridian,concluding non-existence may be incorrect as morphology techniques develop and structures previously not determined are being found. Since the phenomenon of meridians exists, some biological basis behind its occurrence must be present. This implies that research on meridians needs to continue as research techniques advance and may eventually reveal the biological basis of the meridian phenomenon. In the present review, we analyze the history of meridian studies in China.

ELECTROCHEMICAL Co 3 O 4 NANOPOROUS THIN FILMS SENSOR FOR HYDROGEN PEROXIDE DETECTION

GUANG SHENG CAO,RUILIN WANG,PEILONG WANG,XIN LI,YUE WANG,JUNPING LI,GUILONG WANG 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2014 NANO Vol.9 No.4

The nanoporous Co 3 O 4 thin ¯lms were prepared on indium tin oxide (ITO) glasses by anelectrodeposition method. The surface morphology and composition of the nanoporous Co 3 O 4¯lms were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-rayanalysis (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The results show that the as-deposited nanoporous Co 3 O 4 ¯lm is constructed by many interconnected nano°akes withthickness of about 40 nm. The cyclic voltammetry (CV) measurement indicates that thenanoporous Co 3 O 4 ¯lms exhibit remarkable electrocatalytic activities for the hydrogen peroxide(H 2 O 2 ) reduction which shows that it is a good candidate to be employed as electrode materialsfor electrochemical sensing of H 2 O 2 . Further analysis indicated that the detection sensitivityof the sensor was 1.357 mA mM? 1 cm? 2 and the detection limit was estimated to be about0.2 mM.

Identification of Biomarkers for Diagnosis of Gastric Cancer by Bioinformatics

Wang, Da-Guang,Chen, Guang,Wen, Xiao-Yu,Wang, Dan,Cheng, Zhi-Hua,Sun, Si-Qiao Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.4

Background: We aimed to discover potential gene biomarkers for gastric cancer (GC) diagnosis. Materials and Methods: Genechips of 10 GC tissues and 10 gastric mucosa (GM, para-carcinoma tissue, normal control) tissues were generated using an exon array of Affymetrix containing 30,000 genes. The differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between GC tissues and normal control were identified by the Limma package and analyzed by hierarchical clustering analysis. Gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment analyses were performed for investigating the functions of DEGs. Receiver operating characteristics (ROC) analysis was performed to measure the effects of biomarker candidates for diagnosis of GC. Results: Totals of 896 up-regulated and 60 down-regulated DEGs were identified to be differentially expressed between GC samples and normal control. Hierarchical clustering analysis showed that DEGs were highly differentially expressed and most DEGs were up-regulated. The most significantly enriched GO-BP term was revealed to be mitotic cell cycle and the most significantly enriched pathway was cell cycle. The intersection analysis showed that most significant DEGs were cyclin B1 (CCNB1) and cyclin B2 (CCNB2). The sensitivities and specificities of CCNB1 and CCNB2 were both high (p<0.0001). Areas under the ROC curve for CCNB1 and CCNB2 were both greater than 0.9 (p<0.0001). Conclusions: CCNB1 and CCNB2, which were involved in cell cycle, played significant roles in the progression and development of GC and these genes may be potential biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis of GC.

Dissecting Causal Relationships Between Gut Microbiota, Blood Metabolites, and Stroke: A Mendelian Randomization Study

Wang Qi,Dai Huajie,Hou Tianzhichao,Hou Yanan,Wang Tiange,Lin Hong,Zhao Zhiyun,Li Mian,Zheng Ruizhi,Wang Shuangyuan,Lu Jieli,Xu Yu,Liu Ruixin,Ning Guang,Wang Weiqing,Bi Yufang,Zheng Jie,Xu Min 대한뇌졸중학회 2023 Journal of stroke Vol.25 No.3

Background and Purpose We investigated the causal relationships between the gut microbiota (GM), stroke, and potential metabolite mediators using Mendelian randomization (MR). Methods We leveraged the summary statistics of GM (n=18,340 in the MiBioGen consortium), blood metabolites (n=115,078 in the UK Biobank), and stroke (cases n=60,176 and controls n=1,310,725 in the Global Biobank Meta-Analysis Initiative) from the largest genome-wide association studies to date. We performed bidirectional MR analyses to explore the causal relationships between the GM and stroke, and two mediation analyses, two-step MR and multivariable MR, to discover potential mediating metabolites. Results Ten taxa were causally associated with stroke, and stroke led to changes in 27 taxa. In the two-step MR, <i>Bifidobacteriales</i> order, <i>Bifidobacteriaceae</i> family, <i>Desulfovibrio</i> genus, apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1), phospholipids in high-density lipoprotein (HDL_PL), and the ratio of apolipoprotein B to ApoA1 (ApoB/ApoA1) were causally associated with stroke (all <i>P</i><0.044). The causal associations between <i>Bifidobacteriales</i> order, <i>Bifidobacteriaceae</i> family and stroke were validated using the weighted median method in an independent cohort. The three GM taxa were all positively associated with ApoA1 and HDL_PL, whereas <i>Desulfovibrio</i> genus was negatively associated with ApoB/ApoA1 (all <i>P</i><0.010). Additionally, the causal associations between the three GM taxa and ApoA1 remained significant after correcting for the false discovery rate (all q-values <0.027). Multivariable MR showed that the associations between <i>Bifidobacteriales</i> order, <i>Bifidobacteriaceae</i> family and stroke were mediated by ApoA1 and HDL_PL, each accounting for 6.5% (<i>P</i>=0.028) and 4.6% (<i>P</i>=0.033); the association between <i>Desulfovibrio</i> genus and stroke was mediated by ApoA1, HDL_PL, and ApoB/ApoA1, with mediated proportions of 7.6% (<i>P</i>=0.019), 4.2% (<i>P</i>=0.035), and 9.1% (<i>P</i>=0.013), respectively. Conclusion The current MR study provides evidence supporting the causal relationships between several specific GM taxa and stroke and potential mediating metabolites.

Linear Pole-placement Anti-windup Control for Input Saturation Nonlinear System Based on Takagi Sugeno Fuzzy Model

Fa Guang Wang,Hongmei Wang,박승규,Xue-Song Wang 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2016 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.14 No.6

An anti-windup controller for multi-input nonlinear system is proposed in this paper. The proposedmethod does not need to calculate every time for every fuzzy rules comparing with traditional linear pole placementof T-S(Takagi-Sugeno) fuzzy. This means fewer LMIs(linear matrix inequality) will be needed and its solutionwill be guaranteed as much as possible. For different saturation limit, different D-stable disk center and radius ofpole placement can be selected to eliminate input saturation effect directly. Nonlinear system will be transferredto T-S fuzzy model first. Then, by employing a series of transition matrix, nonlinear system will be transferredinto a nearly linear format accompanied by a nonlinear part. Finally, by designing a proper controller, linear poleplacement method can be used and the controller gains can be calculated out with LMIs.

Adaptive States Feedback Control of Unknown Dynamics Systems Using Support Vector Machines

Wang, Fa-Guang,Kim, Min-Chan,Park, Seung-Kyu,Kwak, Gun-Pyong The Korea Institute of Information and Commucation 2008 Journal of information and communication convergen Vol.6 No.3

This paper proposes a very novel method which makes it possible that state feedback controller can be designed for unknown dynamic system with measurable states. This novel method uses the support vector machines (SVM) with its function approximation property. It works together with RLS (Recursive least-squares) algorithm. The RLS algorithm is used for the identification of input-output relationship. A virtual state space representation is derived from the relationship and the SVM makes the relationship between actual states and virtual states. A state feedback controller can be designed based on the virtual system and the SVM makes the controller with actual states. The results of this paper can give many opportunities that the state feedback control can be applied for unknown dynamic systems.

Nominal State Relationship with Support Vector Machines and Its Sliding Mode Control Application

Wang Fa Guang,김민찬,박승규,곽근평,윤태성,안호균 제어·로봇·시스템학회 2009 International Journal of Control, Automation, and Vol.7 No.6

This paper derives a novel nominal state relationship (NSR) by using support vector machines (SVM). By using the NSR, a novel sliding surface which has the dynamics of a nominal system controlled by pole placement is proposed. The sliding mode control (SMC) with this novel sliding surface gives its robustness to pole placement control systems with uncertainties.

Dietary Protein Sources Affect Internal Quality of Raw and Cooked Shell Eggs under Refrigerated Conditions

Wang, X.C.,Zhang, H.J.,Wu, S.G.,Yue, H.Y.,Wang, J.,Li, Jie,Qi, Guang-Hai Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2015 Animal Bioscience Vol.28 No.11

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of various protein sources (soybean meal, SBM; cottonseed protein, CSP; double-zero rapeseed meal, DRM) on the internal quality of refrigerated eggs. A total of 360 laying hens (32 wk of age) were randomly allotted to six treatment groups (five replicates per treatment) and fed diets containing SBM, CSP, or DRM individually or in combination with equal crude protein content (SBM-CSP, SBM-DRM, and CSP-DRM) as the protein ingredient(s). A $6{\times}3$ factorial arrangement was employed with dietary types and storage time (0 d, 2 wk, and 4 wk) as the main effects. After 12 wk of diet feeding, a total of 270 eggs were collected for egg quality determination. The egg Haugh unit (HU) in the CSP, SBM-DRM, and DRM groups were significantly lower than those in the SBM and SBM-CSP groups. The hardness and springiness of the cooked yolk in the CSP group were significantly higher than those in the other treatment groups. A lower HU, lower yolk index and higher albumen pH were observed in the DRM group compared to the SBM and SBM-CSP groups when the eggs were stored to 4 wk, and the HU was improved in the CSP-DRM group compared to the DRM group (p<0.05). Higher yolk hardness was observed in the CSP group compared to the other groups during storage (p<0.05), but the hardness of the cooked yolk in the SBM-CSP and CSP-DRM groups showed no difference in comparison to the SBM group. In conclusion, CSP may ameliorate the negative effects of DRM on the HU of refrigerated eggs, and SBM or DRM may alleviate the adverse effects of CSP on yolk hardness.

Susceptibility Loci Associations with Prostate Cancer Risk in Northern Chinese Men

Wang, Na-Na,Xu, Yong,Yang, Kuo,Wei, Dong,Zhang, Yao-Guang,Liu, Ming,Shi, Xiao-Hong,Liang, Si-Ying,Sun, Liang,Zhu, Xiao-Quan,Yang, Yi-Ge,Tang, Lei,Zhao, Cheng-Xiao,Wang, Xin,Chen, Xin,Hui, Juan,Zhang, Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2013 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.14 No.5

Background: KLK3 gene products, like human prostate-specific antigen (PSA), are important biomarkers in the clinical diagnosis of prostate cancer (PCa). G protein-coupled receptor RFX6, C2orf43 and FOXP4 signaling plays important roles in the development of PCa. However, associations of these genes with PCa in northern Chinese men remain to be detailed. This study aimed to investigate their impact on occurrence and level of malignancy. Methods: All subjects were from Beijing and Tianjin, including 266 cases with prostate cancer and 288 normal individuals as controls. We evaluated associations between clinical covariates (age at diagnosis, prostate specific antigen, Gleason score, tumor stage and aggressive) and 6 candidate PCa risk loci, genotyped by PCR- high resolution melting curve and sequencing methods. Results: Case-control analysis of allelic frequency of PCa associated with PCa showed that one of the 6 candidate risk loci, rs339331 in the RFX6 gene, was associated with reduced risk of prostate cancer (odds ratio (OR) = 0.73, 95% confidence interval (CI) =0.57-0.94, P = 0.013) in northern Chinese men. In addition, subjects with CX (CC+TC) genotypes had a decreased risk for prostrate cancer compared to those carrying the TT homozygote (OR =0.64, 95% CI = 0.45- 0.90, P = 0.008). The TT genotype of 13q22 (rs9600079, T) was associated with tumor stage (P=0.044, OR=2.34, 95% CI=0.94-5.87). Other SNPs were not significantly associated with clinical covariates in prostate cancer (P > 0.05). Conclusions. rs339331 in the RFX6 gene may be associated with prostate cancer as a susceptibility locus in northern Chinese men.

Catalytic oxidative desulfurization of benzothiophene with hydrogen peroxide over Fe/AC in a biphasic model diesel-acetonitrile system

Guang-Jian Wang,Jian-Kang Zhang,Ying Liu 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.8

Catalytic oxidative desulfurization (Cat-ODS) of benzothiophene (BT) in n-octane has been investigated with hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) over catalysts of activated carbon (AC) supported iron oxide under mild conditions. The catalyst was characterized by N2 adsorption, XRD, SEM/EDS, TPR and XPS. Under the best operating condition for the catalytic oxidative desulfurization--temperature 60 oC, atmospheric pressure, 0.15 g Fe/AC, 18 molar ratio of hydrogen peroxide to sulfur, using acetonitrile as extraction solvent for double extraction--the sulfur content in model diesel fuel (MDF) was reduced from 700 ppmw to 30 ppmw with 95.66% of total sulfur was removed.