Language Socialization Practices of Seven Adolescents of Korean Heritage in the US

Lee.Gi-ven.Song Mi-jeong 한국사회언어학회 2012 사회언어학 Vol.20 No.1

Lee, Gi-venㆍSong, Mi-jeong. 2011. Language Socialization Practices of Seven Adolescents of Korean Heritage in the US. The Sociolinguistic Journal of Korea, 20(1). pp. 135-159. This study explores cultural and linguistic practices, identity negotiation, and power dynamics manifested in language socialization practices in a recreational setting of seven high school and college students of Korean heritage currently residing in the US. In conjunction with interviews, audio-tapings and observations of these students' weekly basketball games serve as the data sources. Analyses of data demonstrate that the basketball game offers a prime context for these students to speak Korean, practice Korean sociocultural values and rules, negotiate their identity, and establish their own position in the group. While they all speak English for the majority of time in their day-to-day interactions, the students mostly use Korean in the basketball setting, particularly when talking about Korea-related topics. In terms of negotiating their ethnic identity, the Korean-born students seem to negotiate their identity more strictly than the US-born students, who appear to negotiate their identity more ambiguously and flexibly. Also, the power and authority to control the interaction seems to depend upon the symbolic and material resources that the students own.

자료 : 남기정 개인통보 사건에 대한 인권이사회 결정 (CCPR/C/78/D/693/1996, 2003. 8. 29) 통보번호 693/1996

남기정 ( Nam Gi Jeong ) 국제인권법학회 2003 國際人權法 Vol.6 No.-

교육과정 개정에 따른 과학의 본성 수준 및 반영 정도 분석 : 2009 개정 교육과정과 2015 개정 교육과정 사례 분석

정명현(Jeong, Myeonghyeon),유인성(You, Insung),민소원(Min, Sowon),홍훈기(Hong, Hun-Gi) 학습자중심교과교육학회 2020 학습자중심교과교육연구 Vol.20 No.17

지난 수십 년간 과학의 본성의 중요성은 지속적으로 강조되어왔다. 본 연구에서는 2009 개정 교육과정에서 2015 개정 교육과정으로 교육과정이 개정됨에 따라 과학의 본성 반영정도와 그 수준이 어떻게 변화되고 있는지 알아보았다. Abd-El-Khalick et al. (2008)의 과학의 본성 정의를 반영하여 구성된 이정원 외(2016)의 NOSAT(Nature of Science analyzing tool) 분석틀을 이용하여 2009 개정 교육과정융합과학 교과서와 2015 개정교육과정 통합과학 교과서의 과학의 본성의 영역과 수준을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 융합과학과 통합과학 모두에서 가장 많이 나타난 과학의 본성 영역은 이론, 관찰추론, 사회문화로 나타났다. 두 교과서 모두에서 암시적인 관점의 서술의 비율이 명시적인 관점의 서술에 비해 높게 나타났다. 두 교과서의 과학의 본성을 서로 비교한 결과 각 출판사의 과학의 본성 서술 방향에 따라 과학의 본성의 빈도 및 명시성의 정도가 서로 다르게 나타났다. 교과서 집필방향에서 명시적인 서술이 더 증가하는 것이 필요하고, 일부 과학의 본성 영역에 편중되어 있는 현상을 줄이고 각 과학의 본성 영역이 균형 있게 배치되도록 하는 것이 필요할 것으로 보인다. Over the past decades, the importance of the nature of science has been emphasized. This study examined how the degree of reflection and the level of the nature of science (NOS) is advancing as the curriculum has been revised from ‘2009-revised-curriculum’ to ‘2015-revised-curriculum’. The area and level of the NOS in ‘Convergence-science’ of ‘2009-revised-curriculum’ and ‘Integrated-science’ of ‘2015-revised-curriculum’ were analyzed using the Nature of Science analyzing tool (NOSAT) which Lee Jeong-won et al. (2016) had made reflecting the definition of the NOS by Abd-El-Khalick et al. (2008). As a result of our analysis, the area of the NOS that appeared most in both ‘Convergence-science’ and ‘Integrated-science’ was ‘Theory’, ‘Inference’, and ‘Social and Cultural embeddedness’. In both textbooks of the curriculum, the proportion of implicit point of view was higher than that of explicit point of view. As a result of comparing the NOS in the textbooks, the frequency and the extent of the explicit descriptions of NOS differed according to the direction toward the nature of science of which each publisher writes. It is necessary to increase the number of explicit descriptions in the direction of textbook writing, and to reduce the phenomena that are biased toward the certain area of NOS and balance each area of NOS.

성음(聲音)과 언어(言語)에 관(關)한 문헌적(文獻的) 고찰(考察)

정희재,오태환,정승기,이형구,Jeong, Hee-Jae,Oh, Tae-Hwan,Jung, Sung-Gi,Rhee, Hyung-Koo 대한한방내과학회 1991 大韓韓方內科學會誌 Vol.12 No.1

The results of the investigation of literature were summerized as follows ; 1. Information of voice, the pharynx, the larynx, the epiglottis, the uvula and the hyoid bone were concerned. 2. In disorders of voice and speech, Lung channel, Stomach channel, Spleen channel, Heart channel, Liver channel, Kidney channel, Im channel (任脈), and Chung channel (衝脈) were concerned. 3. The disorders of voice and speech were showed as follows ; aphonia, ashasia, seong-shi (?嘶), seom-eo(?語) kwang-eo (狂語), jeong-seong (鄭?), dok-eo (獨語) and chak-eo (錯語). 4. The cause of Aphonia and Aphasia were freauently as follows ; abnormal rising of Liver energy (肝邪暴逆), excessive heart fire (心火太過), deficiency of heart-blood (心血太虛), apoplexy of heart spleen (心脾俱中風), consumption of lung fluid caused by heat evil (肺津被灼), deficiency of lung energy (肺氣虛寒) and dificiency of kidney energy (腎虛). 5. The cause of seom-eo, kwang-eo, Jeong-seong were as follows ; the heart of stomach (胃中熱), the heat evil attach the blood chamber (血人血室) and the consumption of healthy energy (精氣奪). 6. In disorders of voice and speech, flaceid tong with aphasia (舌?) and aphasia due to throat disease (喉?) were divided.

성장호르몬 분비성 뇌하수체 선종에서 소마토스타틴 수용체 (제2아형, 제5아형), G_i2α 및 Pit-1 유전자 발현

류미숙,양인명,박철영,우정택,김성운,김진우,김영설,최영길,김은희,박승준,김국기 대한내분비학회 2002 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.17 No.2

Background: Mutation of Gs protein subunit (gsp oncogene), detected in about 30∼40% of growth hormone (GH)-secreting pituitary tumors, is associated with an increased long-acting somatostatin analog octreotide sensitivity. However, the mRNA expression of somatostatin receptor (sst) was not changed in the GH-secreting pituitary tumor, regardless of whether they were gsp oncogene positive or negative. This suggests that the expression of genes coding for G_i2α, Pit-1 and the other factors involved in the regulation of secretory activity in somatotrophs is likely to be altered in gsp oncogene positive tumors. We observed the impact of the gsp oncogene on the expression of the genes coding for Gi2, Pit-1 and sst (2&5) in GH-secreting pituitary tumors. Methods: The GH response to octreotide was examined in 13 acromegalic patients before transsphenoidal adenomectomy. Genomic DNA and RNA were extracted from fresh frozen tumor tissues. PCR was performed to amplify and sequence the region between codon 184 and 251 that includes exons 8 and 9 of the Gs gene. Sst2, sst5, G_i2α and Pit-1 mRNA levels were measured by semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results: Sst2 and sst5 mRNA transcripts were detected in all tumors (7 gsp +, 6 gsp-). The amount of sst transcripts varied considerably varied between the tumors. There were no significant differences in sex, age, tumor size, grade or basal GH levels. Pit-1 and sst2 mRNA levels were not different. In contrast, G_i2 mRNA levels were significantly higher in gsp (+) while sst5 mRNA levels were higher in gsp (-). Conclusion: These data suggests that gsp oncogene may increase Gi2α levels but decrease sst5 mRNA levels. However, Pit-1 and sst2 mRNA expression may not be affected by gsp oncogene. The increased expression of the G_i2α gene might be an inhibitory compensatory response to the action of gsp oncogene

정보통신분야 국가기술자격증 취득과 정보통신공학 전공 학생들의 취업률 증진을 위한 방안

정기석,민경일,조용석,신용달 永同大學校 1997 硏究論叢 Vol.3 No.1

본 연구에서는 정보통신분야 국가기술 자격증 취득과 정보통신전공학생들의 취업률증진을 위한 방안을 제시하고 그 결과를 고찰하였다. 국가기술자격증 취득방안으로는 동기부여, 특강별로 한 과목씩 단계적인 강의 등의 방법을 제시하였고, 취업률 증진 방안으로는 학생수준에 맞는 업체선정지고, 취업자료 수집, 업체방문 등의 방법을 제시하였다. 연구결과는 업체의 요구조건은 공통적으로 어학증명서와 기술자격증으로서 대기업에 취업하기 위해서는 어학실력이 좋아야 하며 따라서 TOEIC등의 시험을 적극 권장할 필요가 있음을 보여준다. This paper examines a plan for acquiring a technical qualification and promoting the percentage of employment in Information & Communication Engineering Major. As a plan for acquiring a technical qualification, study methods of a motive allowance, step lesson of a curriculum etc. are presented. Also, as a plan for promoting the percentage of employment, study methods of a collection of employment data, company visit etc. are presented. Results of study show that companys require a technical qualification and a certificate of foreign language, so TOEIC should be recommended.

Least Mean Mixed-Norm 알고리즘을 이용한 반향제거기

정기석 永同大學校 1999 硏究論叢 Vol.5 No.1

본 논문에서는 전이중 디지틀 가입자선로 모뎀에서 사용될 수 있는 새로운 반향제거기를 제안하였다. 제안된 반향제거기는 least mean mixed norm 알고리즘을 사용하였다. 이 알고리즘은 반향제거기의 근단부분에서는 least mean square(LHS) 알고리즘을 사용하고 원단부분에서는 least mean fourth(LMF) 알고리즘을 사용한다. 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 결과, 제안된 반향제거기는 표준 LMS알고리즘을 사용한 반향제거 기와 비교하여 더 빠른 수렴률과 더 낮은 MSE를 갖는 것을 알 수 있었다. This paper proposes a new echo canceller that can be used in a full-duplex digital subscriber loop modem. The proposed echo canceller uses a least mean mixed norm algorithm. The algorithm consists of simultaneously applying the least mean square(LMS) algorithm to the near-end section of the echo canceller and the least mean fourth(LMF) algorithm to the far-end section. It is shown in this paper that the new scheme leads to a faster convergence and a lower MSE(mean square error) compared with the one obtained by the standard algorithm.

하악 제1 대구치 근단부의 형태학적 연구

정현,박상진,박상혁,최기운 대한치과보존학회 2009 Restorative Dentistry & Endodontics Vol.34 No.2

The aim of this study was to investigate thc shapes and diameters of the physiological foramen and anatomy of the root canal at 3mm from apex in mandibular first molars. Slxty mandibular first molars were randomly selected. The apical anatomy of 60 mandibular first molars was investigated by means of a stereomicroscope (60x magnification). Thc results were as follows; 1 There was a high percentage of two physiological foramina in mesial (61.67%) and one foramen in distal (71.66%) roots of mandibular first molars. 2 There was a high frequency of accessory foramina in mesial roots with one foramen (26.07%) 3 The diameters of physiological foramen was as follows: ·0.329mm in single mesial foramen ·0.266mm in mesioccal foramen and 0.246mm in mesiolingual foramen ·0.375mm in single distal foramen ·0.291mm in distobuccal foramen and 0.237mm in distolingual foramen 4 The most common physiological foramen shape was oval (69.93%) 5 The incidence of isthmus in mesial root at 3mm from apex was 55%. The 3mm-sections contained a complete isthmus 31.66% and a partial isthmus 23.34% 6 3mm from tho apex, the most common canal shape was oval (50.64%) Knowledge of the apical anatomy of mandibular first molar would be necessary for success of surgical and nonsurgical endodontic treatment. 본 연구는 한국인의 하악 제1 대구치 60개를 대상으로 생리적 근단공의 크기와 형태, 근심 치근의 치근단 3mm에서 isthmus의 발생 빈도와 형태, 그리고 원심 치근의 치근단 3mm의 근관 형태를 입체현미경하에서 60배로 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을물 얻었다. 1.근심 치근은 두 개의 근단공을 가지는 비율이 높았으며(61.67%), 원심 치근은 하나의 근단공을 가지는 비율이 높았다(71.66%). 2.부근단공의 빈도는 근심 치근의 1개의 근단공을 가지는 경우가 가장 높았다(26.07%). 3.생리적 근단공의 크기는 근심 치근에서 하나의 근단공을 가지는 경우 0.329mm, 근심 협측 근단공은 0.266mm 근심 설측 근단공은 0.246mm였으며, 원심 치근에서 하나의 근단공을 가지는 경우 0.375mm, 원심 협측 근단공은 0.291mm, 원심 설측 근단공은 0.237mm로 나타났다. 4.근단공의 형태는 oval 형태(69.93%)가 가장 많았다. 5.근심 치근의 치근단 3mm에서 isthmus의 발생빈도는 55%였으며, partial isthmus는 31.66%, complete isthmus는 23.34%로 나타났다. 6. 원심 치근의 치근단 3mm의 근관 형태는 oval 형태(50.64%)가 가장 많았다. 이상의 연구 결과 하악 제1 대구치의 성공적인 근관 치료를 위해서는 생리적 근단공의 실제 크기와 형태 및 isthmus의 존재에 대한 사전 지식이 필요할 것이다.

전략적 의사결정자를 위한 퍼지 상호영향 분석 방법론

정기호 同德女子大學校 1996 同大論叢 Vol.26 No.1

상호 관련성이 많은 미래의 사건들에 대한 분석은 그들의 인과 관계를 퍼지 그래프로 표현하면 매우 편리하다. 실제로 동적인 환경의 관심 사건들의 분석을 위해 원인결과 루프(causal loop)를 사용하여 시스템 다이나믹스에 의한 시뮬레이션 방법이 많이 사용된다. 또한 상호영향 행렬(cross-impact matrix)에의한 시뮬레이션도 중용한 도구이다. 이런 시스템들은 대개가 영향의 방향과 크기와 시간지연 정보들로 구성되어 있다. 그러니 이들 정보를 도출하는 과정은 대개가 전문가로 부터 질물에 의한 주관적 데이타를 사용하는데 전문가 들의 의사 표시는 정확 하지가 못한 언어적 표현이거나 모호한 값을 제시 하는 경우가 더 현실적이다. 그래서 본 논문은 전략형성 과정의 초기 단계에서 빈번히 발생하는 이러한 퍼지 지식의 모형화와 처리 방법론을 제시한다. An interrelationships of mutually dependent events can be very easily visualized byusing directed fuzzy graph. A simulation technique based on system dynamics has been generally used to analysis of causal effects of concerning events. A crsss-impact method is, also, a veryimportant tool toanalysis of interrlationship about future events. Thsese causal systems are mainly described by strength of causal impact, impact direction and impact time delay from subjective predictionof experts. However, experts prefer to present by linguistic terms or fuzzy concept rather than say exact value. This paper, thus, suggests a model by fuzzy concept and an analysis algorithm to analyze interrelationship between mutually dependent events, especially useful for preliminary strategic planning.

퍼지인식도를 활용한 성공적 웹디자인 요인들의 전략적 영향관계 분석모형

정기호 동명정보대학교 2002 사이버 비지니스 Vol.1 No.-

There is no doubt that website plays a critical role as an another channel for marketing in most of companies and organizations. It also true that they are easily confronted with the competitor than traditional commerce environment because of lower cost to join in electronic commerce. This requires the website needs to be implemented under more strategic decision, especially for successful 3-business or electronic commerce. It is therefore very important to provide a guide or a methodology for strategic web design for practitioners. There are many research outcomes about the design factors considering human interaction and for finding critical success factors for website by using statistical methodologies. However, there is no reasonable methodology for strategic decision among web design factors or for useful to re-adjust the website design for the purpose of strategic policy. It will be very useful for the strategic analysis of many design factors for website that the approach based on FCM(fuzzy cognitive map) suggested in this study. Especially this approach will be used in analyzing the strategic policies by the causal relationship between the factors thought about critical for web design as a new qualitative approach instead of statistical processing.