내측 측두엽 간질에서 간질발작 중 언어증상

이장준,이승환,이형,김지언,임정근,손은익,이상도,박영춘 계명대학교 의과학연구소 2000 계명의대학술지 Vol.19 No.1

Background and Objectives : Several speech manifestation are observed in temporal lobe epilepsy(TLE). We studied the frequency of ictal speech manifestations and their localizing and lateralizing value in TLE. Methods : We reviewed 379 seizures recorded on videotape in 135 patients who underwent temporal lobectomy for intractable TLE. We divided patients into group A(n=75) who became seizures free after surgery, and group B(n=60) who were only slightly benefited or unchanged after surgery. Speech manifestations were classified as normal speech, vocalization, or abnormal speech. Abnormal speech was subdivided into speech arrest, dysarthria, dysphasia, or nonidentifiable speech. Results : Speech manifestations occurred in 70(18.5%) seizures of 28 patients. Forty eight seizures of 20 patients were observed in group A, and 22 seizures of 8 patients were observed in group B. In group A, 25 seizures of 11 patients were originating from dominant hemisphere, 23 seizures of 9 patients from nondominant hemisphere. In group B, 13 seizures of 5 patients were originating from dominant hemisphere, and 9 seizures in Lt. side and 6 seizures in Rt. side, respectively) of group A(P>0.05), and eleven seizures of 4 patients(8 seizures from Lt. side and 3 seizure from Rt. side) in group B(P>0.05). Normal speech was observed only seizures from Rt. side in both groups(3 seizures in 1 patient, each group). Dysphasia occurred only in seizures originating from Lt. side. Nonidentifiable speech occurred in 22 seizures of 9 patients(11 seizures from each side) in group A(P<0.01), and 3 seizures of 1 patient occurred only from Lt. side in group B. Conclusion : Ictal speech manifestations were not uncommon(18.5%). All kinds of ictal speech manifestations except normal speech have no reliable lateralizing and localizing value in TLE. Normal speech could be a good indicator of seizure originating from nondominant hemisphere.

노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램이 노인의 신경인지기능과 우울 증상에 미치는 효과

유계준,송정은,오병훈,안석균,이홍식,오희철,구은형,황혜숙,이은철 大韓神經精神醫學會 1999 신경정신의학 Vol.38 No.5

노인에게 있어서 신경인지기능의 저하와 우울 증상은 가장 흔한 장애이며 신체적, 정신적인 면에 많은 영향을 미치고 있다. 또한 이러한 장애중 비임상군에서 심리사회적 치료개입의 효과가 보고되고 있다. 이러한 측면에서 지역사회에서 노인에게 제공되는 심리사회적 치료개입의 중요성이 높아지고 있다. 이전의 연구에서는 대상이 특정 집단이거나, 비교군이 없거나, 치료효과에 대한 추적 관찰이 이루어지지 않는 등의 제한점이 있었으며, 현재 국내의 노인 낮병원은 소수에 불과하고 이러한 낮병원의 치료효과에 대한 연구는 거의 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본 연구는 지역사회 정신보건센터에서 운영하는 노인 낮병원에 참가하는 노인들을 대상으로 낮병원의 심리사회적 프로그램이 노인들의 신경인지기능과 우울 증상에 미치는 효과와 이에 대한 유지 효과의 유무를 알아보고자 하였다. 경기도 광주군 정신보건센터의 노인 낮병원에 참여한 노인을 치료군으로, 치료를 거부하거나 치료 중 탈락한 노인을 비교군으로 하여 10주간의 낮병원 치료전후와 치료종결 후 10주에 신경인지기능은 한국형 간이 정신상태검사(이하 MMSE-K)로, 우울 증상은 단축형노인우울척도(이하 SGDS)로 평가하여 두 군을 비교하였고 치료군의 치료 직후와 치료종결 후 10주를 비교하였다. 연구결과 노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료가 시간에 따른 SGDS점수 변화에 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미쳤으며, MMSE-K점수 변화에는 통계학적으로 유의한 영향을 미치지 않았다. 또한 10주 추시가 가능했던 치료군 중 약 43%가 10주 후 SGDS가 증가하여 호전되었던 우울증상의 악화를 보였다. 본 연구 결과 노인 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램 개입은 노인에게 있어서 우울 증상을 호전시키며 신경인지 기능에는 직접적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것을 알 수 있었다. 또한 상당수에서 심리사회적 치료 개입으로 인한 우울 증상의 호전이 유지되지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 이는 노인우울증상의 치료에 낮병원의 심리사회적 치료 프로그램이 효과적일 수 있음과 치료 후 이를 유지하기 위한 부가적인 치료개입의 필요성을 시사한다. Cognitive impairment and depression are the most common symptoms affecting the elderly on physical and mental states. Studies have shown that these symptoms in mild cases are improved by psychosocial intervention, emphasizing the importance of therapeutic intervention provided in the community. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the psychosocial program at a geriatric day care service has any therapeutic effect on the cognitive function and depressive symptoms in the elderly and whether such effect can be maintained. The experimental group was composed of 37 elderly patients attending the day care service at the mental health center located in Kwangju county, Kyonggi province. The control group was composed of 22 elderly patients who either refused intervention or who dropped out of the program. Cognitive function was assessed with the Korean version of the Mini-Mental State Exam(MMSE-K), and depressive symptoms were assessed with the Short-form Geriatric Depression Scale(SGDS). The experimental group and the control group were compared on the score of on each test, which was administered before and after the program and 10 weeks after discontinuation of program. In the experimental group, the scores acquired immediately after the program and at 10 weeks of follow-up were also compared. The results showed that psychosocial intervention at a geriatric day care service was significantly associated with the change in SGDS scores dependent on time but not significantly associated with the change in MMSE-K scores. In the experimental group whose follow-up assessment was possible, it was further shown that 43% of patients had increased SGDS scores 10 weeks after the program ended, indicating that depressive symptoms had worsened. This study suggests that psychosocial therapeutic intervention in the geriatric day care service improve depressive symptoms but not cognitive functions in the elderly. In addition, for a considerable percentage of subjects in the experimental group, the improvements in depressive symptoms were not sustained after the intervention was withdrawn. These findings proposes a need of strengthening therapeutic intervention to maintain such effect.

순화슬러지와 생슬러지로 본 질산염제거특성

조순자,정용주,이나은,이정은,손형식,이상준 부산대학교 환경문제연구소 2003 環境硏究報 Vol.21 No.-

Using acclimated sludge with inorganic nitrogen medium for three months and non-acclimated sludge, raw sludge, under aerobic condition we investigated characteristics biological nitrogen removal. As results, e acclimated sludge under aerobic condition accomplished nitrification efficiently. But the samples from the reactor operated raw sludge had higher ammonium concentration rather than the concentration which was loaded by the medium. This means when we are trying to reorganize existing facilities, we should take high initial ammonium concentration into account.

다이옥신으로 유발된 생쥐의 조혈모세포 증식장애에서 Oligonucleotide-Microarray를 이용한 유전자표식자의 발굴

이은주,정인혜,김형래 이화여자대학교 의과대학 2004 EMJ (Ewha medical journal) Vol.27 No.1

To develop the biomarkers for the immune dysfunction induced by dioxin, 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD was administered C57BL/6N mice 0.1㎍ TCDD/㎏ body weight. Colony forming assay showed that the proliferation potential of hemotopoieti progenitor cells in bone marrow was reduced 35-55% more by earlier exposure. The microarray experiments were duplicated, and the candidates were restricted for the genes expressed greater than 121-fold. Resulting candidates were 55 genes. The expression patterns of the whole genes were analyzed by self-organizing maps (SOM). From these results, we selected the stage-specific genes : one genes (SOM c21 : nadh dehydrogenase subunit 5 gene) for gestational 13.5day, 13 genes (c0 : sialophorin ; spn gene, etc) for postnatal 3 week. The above genes are proposed to be a potential use of biomarker for dioxin exposure in the case of immume dysfunctions. 내분비교란물질로 가장 잘 알려진 다이옥신에 의한 면역장애는 면역기관이 성숙된 후에 나타나므로 다이옥신의 노출에 의한 것인지 인과관계의 평가가 매우 어렵다. Dioxin ( 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD)에 의한 면역기능의 저하 및 그 재표 유전자를 발굴하기 위해, C57BL/6 생쥐에서 임신 및 발생 성장 시기별로 dioxin을 노출하였다. 면역지표로서 골수 혈액줄기세포의 집락 형성이 현저하게(35~55%) 감소하였다. 말초혈액에서 유전자 발현의 변화를 생쥐용 고밀도(11K) oligonucleotide microarray로 측정하였고, 각 시기별로 대변이 가능한 유전자는 Selforganization maps (SOM) clustering으로 분석하였다. Biomarker로서 유용성을 위해 2회 반복하여 공통된 유전자를 선택하였고, 이 중 유전자 발현의 변동 폭이 2 이상 되는 유전자를 선택한 결과 55개를 고를 수 있었다. 시기별 대변이 가능한 SOM과 그 결과가 서로 일치하는 유전자는 임신 1305일에서 SOM c21인 1개(nadh dehydrogenase subunit 5), 생후 3주에서 c0 유전자 10개와 c16 유전자 3개(c0 : sialophorin ; spn 외 9개, c16 : ribosomal protein 113a ; rp113a 외 2개)를 발굴할 수 있었다. 다이옥신에 의한 면역 장애 및 노출 영향을 평가하는 biomarker로 사용할 수 있음을 알았다.

인간 재조합 인터루긴-32 면역조절작용에 대한 유세포 분석

이광수,김영관,채정일,심정현,김은미,강형식,김수현,윤도영,명평근 충남대학교 생물공학연구소 2006 생물공학연구지 Vol.12 No.-

Xenotransplantation of porcine organs has the potential to overcome the severe shortage of human tissues and organ available for human transplantation. however, it remains various hurdles for clinical xenotransplantation. In pig and mouse xenotransplantation, porcine xenograft evoke a strong cellular rejection response in immunocompetent host and grafts are destroyed within a week. This cellular immune response could involved both T cells and NK cells. A number of groups have shown that human NK cells can recognize and damage porcine endothelial cells. In addition, human T cells can respond to porcine endothelial cells through both direct and indirect mechanisms. Cellular rejection of porcine tissues requires T cells, particularly CD4^(+) cells. A new cytokine recombinant human interleukin-32α,β(IL-32α,β) has a role innate and acquired immune system. In order to investigate the role of recombinant mouse IL-18 and recombinant human IL-32α,β in xenograft rejection, we transplanted the PK(15) cells to C57BL/6 mice with or without intraperitoneal injection of recombinant mouse IL-18 or recombinant human IL-32 α,β. It was analyzed the population of NK cell, T cell and B cell in the C57BL/6 mice transplanted with PK(15) cells and recombinant mouse IL-18 or recombinant human IL-32α,β by flow cytometry analysis. As a result, lymph node and thymus of PK15/IL18, PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected group were increased to T cell activation population than normal injected groups. CD8^(+) T cells were decreased in lymph node of PK15/IL18, PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected groups. CD4^(+) T cells were increased in lymph node cell of PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected group and also, B cell population were increased in lymph node cell and spleen of PK15/IL18, PK15/IL32α and PK15/IL32β injected group. Therefore, we suggest that recombinant mouse IL-18 and recombinant human IL-32α,β suppress xenograft rejection in cellular xenotransplantation.

대학생들의 학습양식에 따른 튜터링 프로그램에 대한 만족도와 효과의 관계에 관한 연구

이은준,김태형 이화여자대학교 사범대학 교육과학연구소 2011 교육과학연구 Vol.42 No.2

This study investigated the relationship between the degree of satisfaction and the effects of the tutoring program after finding the existence of subgroups by learning styles among participants. As a result of cluster analysis by the four dimensions of Felder and Silverman’s learning tyles-perception, input, processing, and understanding of information-four different subgroups were found. In general, the degree of tutees’ satisfaction with the program was high and the active learners’ satisfaction was the highest among the subgroups of tutees classified by learning styles. In addition, they evaluated more positively the effects of the tutoring program than others did. In the case of tutors, their overall degree of satisfaction was moderate, and there were no significant differences among the subgroups in terms of evaluation of the effects of the program. The analyses of the effects of the tutoring program explaining the degrees of satisfaction suggested that significant effects related to satisfaction were different by the subgroups of learning styles among both tutees and tutors. 이 연구는 튜터링 프로그램에 참여한 학생들 사이에 존재하는 학습양식에 따라 분류되는 군집을 밝혀내고, 그 군집에 따라 나타나는 튜터링 프로그램에 대한 만족도와 효과와의 관계를 분석하였다. 우선, 연구에 참여한 학생들을 정보인식, 정보입력, 정보처리, 정보이해의 학습양식의 차원에 따라 분류한 결과, 4개의 서로 다른 양식의 군집이 존재함을 알 수 있었다. 튜티 학생들의 프로그램에 대한 만족도는 전체적으로 높게 나타났는데, 특히 활동적 정보처리의 성향이 두드러진 특정군집의 학생들에게서 프로그램에 대한 높은 만족도가 발견되었다. 이들은 여러 가지 튜터링 프로그램의 효과에 대해서도 다른 집단보다 긍정적인 평가를 내렸다. 튜터 학생들의 프로그램에 대한 만족도는 중상 정도였으며, 프로그램의 효과에 대한 평가에서도 집단 간에 유의미한 차이는 없었다. 튜터링 프로그램에 대한 만족도를 설명하는 유의미한 효과를 분석한 결과, 튜티 학생들과 튜터 학생들 모두에게서, 만족도와 관련 있는 유의미한 효과가 군집에 따라 다르게 나타났다.

고카라트 Au-Zn-Pt 합금의 등온시효경화 거동

이희경,박영환,문희만,이정은,김형일 大韓齒科器材學會 2001 대한치과재료학회지 Vol.28 No.4

The isothermal age-hardening behavior of a high carat Au-Zn-Pt alloy was investigated by means of hardness test, X-ray diffraction study, microscopic observation and electron probe micro analysis. By the isothermal ageing of the solution-treated specimen at 300∼400℃, the hardness increased slowly at the initial stage of ageing and reached a maximum hardness values at 300∼400℃ was similar and suitable to use as the crown & bridge. By the isothermal ageing of the solution-treated specimen at 300∼400℃, three phases of the Au-rich α_1 phase with face-centered cubic structure,the Pt_3Zn a_2 phase with an ordered AuCu_(L1_2) type(f.c.c) and the Pt-rich a_3 phase with face-centered cubic structure were transformed into three phases of the α_1 phase, the α_3 phase and the PtZn β phase with an ordered AuCu I(L1_0) type. The hardening seemed to be attributed to the lattice strains of the matrix resulting from the transformation of the a_2 phase to the β phase. The overageing with softening was attributed to the coarsening of the nodule precipitates which seemed to be composed of the β phase and α_1 matrix.

한양학원 교직원을 위한 체력지수 판정 프로그램 개발에 관한 연구

이강평,강형기,은회관,임인수 漢陽大學校 體育科學硏究所 1994 體育科學 Vol.14 No.14

The purpose of this study was to develop the computer program to compare physical fitness of Hanyang Academy Employes with it's mean of korean people, and to promote physical fitness with motivation and interest in the physical fit- ness of them. But if user should be tested self-level of physical fitness, this program can't be use for physical fitness by assisting tile research institute for sport science on Hanyang University. This program were divided into 4 domains, tile first is area for comparison ac- cording to the way of attendance to office, the second is area for comparison physique and obesity, the third is area for comparison physical fitness with korean people's mean. The final is area for exercise prescription. As added, we want to serve the physical fitness promotion of Hanyang academy employes using this program.

Sol-gel법을 이용한 미세공 실리카 세라믹의 기공구조 변화에 관한 연구

이진휘,연만형,정은정,박노혁 서울産業大學校 1996 논문집 Vol.43 No.1

솔-젤법에 의하여 제조된 미세공 실리카 세라믹에 대하여 N₂-adsorption isotherm 및 TEM에 의하여 기공구조 변화를 조사하였다. Group 1, 2 및 3의 경우 물의 양이 각각 11, 5.5 및 3.8mole까지는 급격히 surface area의 증가를 보이다가 그 이후에는 완만한 상승을 보이는데, 이것은 앞의 실험에서 보인[4.5]gelation time 및 FT-IR의 실험결과와 일치하는 것이다. 서로 다른 물의 양에 대하여 BET surface area와 Cumulative surface area의 차이가 Group 1서 Group 3으로 옮아감에 따라 커지는 것은 용매의 양은 감소하는 반면 TEOS의 양 증가로 인하여 물과 TEOS의 반응이 원활하지 못한 결과로 덜 발달된 polymer에 기인한 작은 particle에 의하여 형성된 작은 기공들에 기인한 것으로 사료된다. 이와같은 기공구조는 TEM의 결과에 의하여 확인할 수 있다. Group A에서 E쪽으로 갈수록 물의 양의 증가에 기인하여 surface area는 증가하며, Group a에서 d쪽으로 갈수록 물의 양의 감소에 기인하여 surface area는 감소한다. N₂-adsorption isotherm and TEM were used to investigate the micro-porous silica ceramic prepared by sol-gel process to find the structural changes of pores. In the case of Group 1, 2 and 3, the drift of the surface area increased steeply till the amount of water 11, 5.5 and 3.8 moles individually and after that showed increased smoothly. It is the same results as the gelation time and the FT-IR[4.5]. It is the reason that the differences of BET and Cumulative surface area become larger proportionally as moving from Group 3 that the reaction of water and TEOS is less active, caused by using decreased quantity of water but increased TEOS, and therefore the smaller pores by the smaller particles were formed. It was identified by TEM. The surface area is increased by the increased water as moving from Group A to Group E, and decreased by the decreased water as moving from a to e.

건식과 습식 반탄화 바이오매스의 화학적 구조적 특성

이은주,정수아,정예진,형세진,이재원 전남대학교 농업과학기술연구소 2022 농업생명과학연구동향 Vol.60 No.-

The study analyzed the physical and chemical properties of dry-torrefied (DT) and wet-torrefied (WT) biomass. Hemicellulose was mainly degraded by torrefaction, and the contents of glucan and lignin were relatively increased. The degradation rate of biomass was higher in WT (18.25%–23.13%) than in DT biomass (3.12%–3.83%), and it increased with increasing reaction time. Torrefaction improved the crystallinity of the biomass from 36.88% in the raw material to a maximum value of 60.97% in the biomass subjected to wet torrefaction for 30 min (WT-30). The thermal stability of torrefied biomass was improved in WT-10 (17.21%), WT-60 (15.38%), and DT-60 (8.74%) compared to that of the raw material (2.35%). The hydrophobicity and fine particle distribution of biomass were increa- sed by torrefaction, with the lowest water absorption (3.08%) and the highest distribution of fine particles (8.20%) being observed in WT-60 biomass.