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Byun, Do-Seong,Cho, Yang-Ki The Korean Society of Oceanography 2006 Ocean science journal Vol.41 No.4
Determining 'photosynthetically active radiation' (PAR) is a key part of calculating phytoplankton productivity in a biogeochemical model. We explore the daily and seasonal variability in the ratio of PAR irradiance to total irradiance that occurred at Ieodo Ocean Research Station (IORS) in the East China Sea under clear-sky conditions in 2004 using a simple radiative transfer model (RTM). Meteorological data observed at IORS and aerosol optical properties derived from Aerosol Robotic Network observations at Gosan are used for the RTM. Preliminary results suggest that the use of simple PAR irradiance-ratio values is appropriate in calculating phytoplankton productivity as follows: an average of $0.44\;({\pm}0.01)$ in January to an average of $0.48\;({\pm}0.01)$ in July, with average daily variabilities over these periods of about $0.016\;({\pm}0.008)$ and $0.025\;({\pm}0.008)$, respectively. The model experiments demonstrate that variations in the major controlling input parameters (i.e. solar zenith angle, precipitable water vapor and aerosol optical thickness) cause PAR irradiance ratio variation at daily and seasonal timescales. Further, increases (>0.012) in the PAR irradiance ratio just below the sea-surface are positively correlated with high solar zenith angles and strong wind stresses relative to those just above the sea-surface.
Comparison of Marine Insolation Estimating Methods in the Adriatic Sea
Byun, Do-Seong,Pinardi, Nadia The Korean Society of Oceanography 2007 Ocean science journal Vol.42 No.4
We compare insolation results calculated from two well-known empirical formulas (Socket and Beaudry's SB73 formula and the original Smithsonian (SMS) formula) and a radiative transfer model using input data predicted from meteorological weather-forecast models, and review the accuracy of each method. Comparison of annual mean daily irradiance values for clear-sky conditions between the two formulas shows that, relative to the SMS, the SB73 underestimates spring values by 9 W $m^{-2}$ in the northern Adriatic Sea, although overall there is a good agreement between the annual results calculated with the two formulas. We also elucidate the effect on SMS of changing the 'Sun-Earth distance factor (f)', a parameter which is commonly assumed to be constant in the oceanographic context. Results show that the mean daily solar radiation for clear-sky conditions in the northern Adriatic Sea can be reduced as much as 12 W $m^{-2}$ during summer due to a decrease in the f value. Lastly, surface irradiance values calculated from a simple radiative transfer model (GM02) for clear-sky conditions are compared to those from SB73 and SMS. Comparison with iu situ data in the northern Adriatic Sea shows that the GM02 estimate gives more realistic surface irradiance values than SMS, particularly during summer. Additionally, irradiance values calculated by GM02 using the buoy meteorological fields and ECMWF (The European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts) meteorological data show the suitability of the ECMWF data usage. Through tests of GM02 sensitivity to key regional meteorological factors, we explore the main factors contributing significantly to a reduction in summertime solar irradiance in the Adriatic Sea.
Comparison of Marine Insolation Estimating Methods in the Adriatic Sea
Do-Seong Byun,Nadia Pinardi 한국해양과학기술원 2007 Ocean science journal Vol.42 No.4
We compare insolation results calculated from two well-known empirical formulas (Seckel and Beaudry’s SB73 formula and the original Smithsonian (SMS) formula) and a radiative transfer model using input data predicted from meteorological weather-forecast models, and review the accuracy of each method. Comparison of annual mean daily irradiance values for clear-sky conditions between the two formulas shows that, relative to the SMS, the SB73 underestimates spring values by 9 W m-2 in the northern Adriatic Sea, although overall there is a good agreement between the annual results calculated with the two formulas. We also elucidate the effect on SMS of changing the ‘Sun-Earth distance factor ( f )’, a parameter which is commonly assumed to be constant in the oceanographic context. Results show that the mean daily solar radiation for clear-sky conditions in the northern Adriatic Sea can be reduced as much as 12 W m-2 during summer due to a decrease in the f value. Lastly, surface irradiance values calculated from a simple radiative transfer model (GM02) for clear-sky conditions are compared to those from SB73 and SMS. Comparison with in situ data in the northern Adriatic Sea shows that the GM02 estimate gives more realistic surface irradiance values than SMS, particularly during summer. Additionally, irradiance values calculated by GM02 using the buoy meteorological fields and ECMWF (The European Centre for Medium Range Weather Forecasts) meteorological data show the suitability of the ECMWF data usage. Through tests of GM02 sensitivity to key regional meteorological factors, we explore the main factors contributing significantly to a reduction in summertime solar irradiance in the Adriatic Sea.
Endoscopically Observed Lower Esophageal Capillary Patterns
( Do Won Choi ),( Seong Nam Oh ),( Soo Jung Baek ),( Soo Hyun Ahn ),( Yun Jung Chang ),( Won Seok Jeong ),( Hyo Jung Kim ),( Jong Eun Yeon ),( Jong Jae Park ),( Jae Seon Kim ),( Kwan Soo Byun 대한내과학회 2002 The Korean Journal of Internal Medicine Vol.17 No.4
Background: It has been reported that there are four zones of distinct venous patterns around the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ); i.e. truncal, perforating, palisade (PZ) and gastric zones. Using the distal end of PZ as a marker for GEJ, this study was d
조화분해법을 이용한 19세기 이전 고조석 및 고조류 추산 고찰
변도성,Byun, Do-Seong 한국해양학회 2010 바다 Vol.15 No.4
전통적 조화분해 방법을 이용한 명량해전(1597년 음력 9월 16일)과 같은 19세기 이전 역사적 해전 당시의 고조석(고조류) 추산과 관련하여 조석 (조류) 조화분해와 예측에 많이 사용되고 있는 IOS tidal package(IOS)와 Task-2000 tidal package(Task2K)의 5가지 천문변수 계산식을 살펴보았다. 이로부터 IOS와 달리 Task2K가 1801년 이전 시기에 대한 조석(조류) 추산이 불가능한 원인을 파악하였다. 즉, 임의의 19세기 이전 시점(1801년, 1800년, 1597년 1월 1일 자정)에 대하여 구한 천문변수 값을 비교한 결과, 1801년은 거의 일치하였으나, 나머지 해의 천문변수 값은 차이가 컸다. 이는 1900년을 기준으로 그레고리력(양력)을 직접 사용하여 천문변수 값을 구하는 Task2K의 계산식이 1801~2099년 범위를 벗어난 해에 대해서 윤년을 정확히 계산하지 못함으로써 발생하는 문제이다. 따라서 그레고리력을 바탕으로 0000년 1월 l일 자정을 기준으로 누적된 일자로 환산한 시간을 사용한 IOS의 천문변수 계산식을 사용함으로써 Task2K에서도 고조석(고조류)을 추산할 수 있다. We examined five astronomical variables formulas of the two conventional harmonic prediction programs (IOS tidal package (IOS) and Task-2000 tidal package (Task2K)) in relation to hindcast of paleo-tides and -tidal currents on historical navel battlefields such as Myeongryang Naval Battle (September 16th, 1597 according to the lunar calendar). Through the comparison of the resultant values in a certain time (00:00 January 1) of each year (1801, 1800 and 1597) calculated from the two different formulas, we understood that the reason why Task2K is incapable of hindcating them in pre-19th century, Specifically, we found that the Task2K formulas directly using the Gregorian calendar date did not identify leap years in calculating astronomical variables beyond the period of 1801-2099. Therefore, the IOS's formulas, which use the day number referenced on midnight 1/1/0000, are recommended for use in hindcasting paleo-tides and -tidal currents on historical navel battles in pre-19th century.