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Application of galactinol to tomato enhances tolerance to cold and heat stresses
Liu Yudong,Zhang Li,Ma Jian,Meng Sida,Pang Chunpeng,Zhao Xiaomeng,Zhang Huidong,Wang Shou,Xu Tao,He Yi,Liu Yufeng,Qi Mingfang 한국원예학회 2022 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.63 No.3
Galactinol, a galactosyl donor, is the key substrate in raffinose family oligosaccharide (RFO) biosynthesis pathways. Many studies proved that galactinol also regulates some defense-related genes to be transcribed as a sugar signal under biotic and abiotic stresses. There are four galactinol synthase (SlGolS) genes in tomato. In this study, SlGolS1, SlGolS2, and SlGolS4 responded to cold stress, especially SlGolS1 stems treated for 12 h and SlGolS4 stems treated for 24 h. Under heat stress, the expression levels of SlGolS1, SlGolS2, and SlGolS3, especially SlGolS1 and SlGolS2, increased in leaves, roots, and stems. When expressed in E. coli cells, SlGolS2 and SlGolS4 enhanced cold tolerance, whereas SlGolS1 and SlGolS3 improved heat tolerance. These results suggested that SlGolS family members played different roles in tolerance to cold and heat stresses. In addition, the application of galactinol or galactinol + α-galactosidase inhibitor (DGJ) improved the cold and heat tolerances of tomato plants, whereas the single application of DGJ had no effect. Interestingly, the applications of DGJ, galactinol, and galactinol + DGJ also affected the expression levels of SlRS, SlSTS, and SlAGAL under cold and heat stresses. These findings indicated that galactinol was involved in the biosynthesis pathways of RFOs as a galactosyl donor and regulated the expression levels of RFO biosynthesis and breakdown-related genes as a sugar signal under cold and heat stresses.
Runqing Wang,Wei Zhao,Tingkai Nian,Chunpeng Liu,Hao Wu 대한토목학회 2022 KSCE JOURNAL OF CIVIL ENGINEERING Vol.26 No.6
Flexural toppling failure of anti-dip rock slopes (ADRSs) with layers of equal thicknesses has been investigated by many researchers, however, in natural slopes, rock layers in ADRSs are often of unequal thicknesses. To analyze this condition, six slope models were manufactured with glass plates and tests were conducted in a geotechnical drum centrifuge. In these experiments, deformation and interlayer force characteristics were obtained with cameras and film pressure sensors. The centrifuge test results show that the failure process can be divided into three stages: failure of the slope toe, development of fractures and failure of the slope. Initial toe failure has little effect on the stability of the upper rock mass. Through centrifuge test results, it is determined that slopes with only thick layers therein can be used in the evaluation of the stability of slopes with layers of unequal thicknesses. This is because thicker strata have a greater bending stiffness and bending strength than thin strata, thus influencing slope deformation and stability.
Dang Mengyue,Li Ying,Xu Chaoxiang,He Yulin,Yu Chunpeng,Liu Wenbo,Jin Hongming,Zhu Mingyuan,Zhang Jiujun,Li Wenxian 한국물리학회 2021 Current Applied Physics Vol.32 No.-
The electrochemical performances of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 (NCM523) layered cathode material, such as poor rate capacity and cycling stability caused by undesirable intrinsic conductivity and low rate of lithium ion transportation, are not fairly good especially at elevated rate and cut-off voltage. To improve these properties, in this study, the co-coating layer of graphene and TiO2 was constructed on NCM523 surface. The graphene/TiO2 coating layer could effectively prevent hydrofluoric acid (HF) attacks, suppress the side reaction, accelerate the lithium ion diffusion and facilitate the electron migration. The enhancement of cycle performance and rate capacity was contributed to the uniform co-modified surface, interacting each other and thus exhibiting synergistic effects.