제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 비만 지수와 죽상경화증 위험인자들과의 상관성

정병천,박순홍,이주영,이신원,정성창,김정국,하승우,김보완 대한비만학회 2003 The Korean journal of obesity Vol.12 No.2

연구배경: 비만은 제2형 당뇨병의 중요한 병인이면서 죽상경화성 동맥질환의 위험인자인 인슐린 저항성, 지질대사 이상 및 고혈압의 원인으로도 인정되고 있다. 한편 비만에 의한 대사성 및 혈관 합병증은전신적 지방량의 증가보다 복강내 지방축적이 병인적 중요성을 가지고 있다고 한다 그러나 국내의 제2형 당뇨병 환자를 차상으로 비만과 이들 죽상경화증 위험인자와의 상관관계를 연구 조사한 성적은 많지않다. 이에 제2형 당뇨병 환자에서 전신적 비만과 복강내 지방 축적을 반영하는 각각의 신체계측지수들과 죽상경화증 위험인자와의 상관성을 검토함으로써 국내 제2형 당뇨병 환자의 비만도가 대사성 및 혈관성 합병증에 미치는 영향과 신체계측지수들의 임상적 가치를 평가하고자 하였다. 방법 : 제2형 당뇨병 환자 425명 (남자 196명, 여자 229명)을 차상으로 하였다 임상적 단백뇨가 있거나 인슐린 치료, 혈압강하제 또는 지질대사개선제를 복용하는 환자는 제외시켰다. 전신 비만은 체용적지수 그리고 피부두겹 두께로 산출한 체지방률을, 복강내 지방축적도는 허리둘레 및 요둔위비를 이용하였다. 죽상경화증의 위험인자로는 혈당 조절 정도를 나타내는 공복 혈당과 당화혈색소 농도, 인슐린 저항성을 나타내는 공복 인슐린 및 C-peptide 농도, 지질 대사 상태를 나타내는 총 콜레스테롤, 중성지방, 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 및 저밀도지단백 콜레스테롤 농도 그리고 수축기 및 이완기 혈압을 선택하였다. 전신 비만지수 및 복부 비만지수와 이들 위험인자와의 상관관계는 연령과 당뇨병 이환기간을 보정하고 편상관분석법을 사용하였다. 결과: 1 여성군에서 남성군에 비해 체용적지수(24.2 대 23.0kg/㎡, p<0.01) 및 체지방률(23.8 대13.5%, p<0.01)은 다소 높았으나 허리둘레 (87.0 대 85.8 cm)와 요둔위비 (0.96 대 0.96)는 차이가 없었다. 2. 인슐린 저항성을 반영하는 공복 인슐린 및 C-peptide 농도는 체용적지수. 체지방률, 허리둘레 및 요둔위비가 커질수록 증가하는 양의 상관관계를 보였다(상관차수 0.21∼0.42, 모두 p<0.05). 3. 혈청 지질중에는 고밀도지단백 콜레스테롤만이 남성 환자군에서 비만지수들과 약한 음의 상관성을 보이는 경향이었고, 총 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방농도는 상관성이 없었다. 4. 수축기 및 이완기 혈압은 남성군에서만 체용적지수. 체지방률, 허리둘레 및 요둔위비가 커질수록 상승하는 양의 상관관계를 보였다(상관차수 0.21∼0.33, 모두 p.0.05). 결론. 국내 제2형 당뇨병 환자들의 전신 비만도 및 복부 비만도가 서구인에 비해 심하지는 않으나 포도당 대사, 인슐린 저항성, 지질 대사 및 고혈압에 위해한 영향을 미칠 수 있는 수준에 이르고 있으며 이는 결국 죽상경화증의 위험인자로도 작용하게 될 것임을 시사한다고 하겠다. 그리고 신체계측을 통한전신 비만 및 복부 비만 지수 모두가 당뇨병 및 죽상경화증의 위험을 간접적으로 예견하는 유용한 척도가 될 수 있을 것이다. Background: Obesity is the powerful risk factor for type 2 diabetes and also associated with a significantly increased risk of insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and atherosclerosis. Although obese individuals have these diseases, the relationship between obesity and these diseases was not certain until regional fat distribution was taken into account. Reports about the relationship between obesity and the risk factors of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetics in Korea are very rare. To evaluate the relative importance of anthropometric indices on the development of atherosclerosis and obesity-related metabolic and vascular complications, the correlations of these indices with the risk factors for atherosclerosis were studied. Methods: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (n=425, male 196, female 229) who not used antihy- pertensives or anti-lipidemic agents were investigated. Body mass index (BMI) and percentage of body fat (%BF) estimated by skinfold-thickness in assessing generalized adiposity, and waist circumference (Wc) and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) in assessing visceral adiposity were taken as anthropometric indices. We included the indicators of glycemic control (fasting blood sugar and HbAlc), insulin resistance (fasting serum insulin and C-peptide concentrations), lipid abnormalities (serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol, and LDL-cholesterol concentrations), and systolic and diastolic blood pressure as risk factors for the development of atherosclerosis. Partial correlations of the anthropometric indices with those risk factors were investigated with adjustment of age and duration of illness. Results: 1. BMI and %BF in female patients group were higher than those in male (24.2 vs 23.0 kg/㎡, 23.8 vs 13.5%, respectively, p<0.01 in all) although Wc and WHR were similar between both groups. In general, both body adiposity and abdominal obesity in them were much lower than in the Western. 2. Serum insulin and C-peptide levels were positively correlated with BMI, %BF, Wc and WHR (r=0.21~42, p<0.05 in all). 3. Serum total cholesterol, triglyceride and LDL- cholesterol were not correlated with any anthropometric indices. A weak negative correlation of serum HDL-cholesterol with these indices was found in male patients group. 4. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressures were positively correlated with all these indices only in male group (r=0.21~33, p<0.05 in all). Conclusion: These results suggested that the severity of both generalized and visceral adiposity in these patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus were only mild but adiposity with abdominal distribution of body fat in diabetes mellitus could be a significant risk factor of developing atherosclerosis. In clinical practice, these anthropometric indices indicating general adiposity and abdominal obesity may provide useful information for predicting disease risks, especially of diabetes and cardio- vascular disease indirectly.

土性과 施肥水準 差異가 토마토의 生育에 미치는 影響

鄭淳柱,梁元模 順天大學校 1983 論文集 Vol.2 No.1

同一灌水條件下에서의 土性과 土壤水分變化, 土性과 施肥와의 關係, 土性과 施肥水準에 따른 토마토의 生育反應 等을 究明함으로써 收量增大및 品質改善을 위한 土性別 肥培管理 또는 관수체계 確立에 必要한 基礎資料를 모색하기 위하여 土性으로서 모래(砂土), 황토(砂壤土), 밭흙(壤土) 施肥水準으로서 無施肥區, 標準施肥區(N : 33kg, P : 22kg, K : 33kg/10a), 標準2倍施肥區의 各 處理에 영광 토마토를 供試하여 試驗을 遂行한 바 다음과 같은 몇가지 結論을 얻었다. 1. 土性別, 施肥水準別 土壤水分含量에는 差異가 없었으며, 電氣傳導度는 밭토양에서 높게 나타났고 모래와 황토에서 낮게 나타나 사토에서는 分施 그리고 황토에서는 增施하는 것이 바람직하였다. 2. Leaf water potential은 모래와 황토에서는 비슷하였고 밭흙에서는 낮았다. Stomatol resistence는 황토, 밭흙, 모래 順이었고 施肥水準間에는 無施肥區, 標準2倍施肥區, 標準施肥區 順으로 낮았다. 葉綠素 含量은 施肥水準이 높을수록 높았다. 3. 草長은 밭흙, 모래, 황도 順이었고 황토에서는 施肥量이 增加할 수록 草長이 크게 나타났으나 밭흙에서는 반대였으며 莖徑에는 處理間에 差異가 없었다. 4. 收量은 황토, 밭흙, 모래 順으로 높았으며 황토에서는 施肥水準이 높을 수록 收量이 많았고 밭흙에서는 그 반대로 나타나, 황토에서는 적절한 水分供給條件下에서 收量增大 可能性이 크게 認定되었고 土性에 따른 施肥水準과 施肥方法의 改善이 要求되었다. The purposes of this experiment were to investigate the influences of the soil texture and fertilizer levels on the growth responses and high yielding of tomato. Properties of the soil used were tested. The fertilizer levels consisted of no-fertilizer(control), standard fertilizer(N:33, P:22, K:33kg/10a) and double fertilizer of standard recommended by O.R.D in Korea. Young-gwang tomato seeds sowed at June, 7 and transplanted at July, 21. Soil moisture contents as affected by the soil texture and fertilizer levels showed no significance among treatments and the electric conductivity was high in upland soil but lowered in red soil and sand soil. So that the side fertilization in sand soil and the heavy fertilization in red soil were recommended. The leaf water potential were similar between the sand and the red soil, but lowered upland soil. In red soil interaction between the soil texture and heavy fertilization were affected to the leaf water potential. The stomatal resistance among the fertilizer levels was highly showed in order of no fertilizer, double fertilizer of standard and standard fertilizer. Chlorophyll contents in the leaf among the treatments were increased with increasing the fertilizer levels. Plant hights were observed highly in order of upland, sand and red soil, but the stem diameter showed no significant difference. In red soil plant hights increased with increasing fertilizer levels but adversed in upland soil. The high yield were observed in red soil and increased with heavy fertilization but vice versa in upland soil. Thus, the high yield potential was demonstrated in the red soil under appropriate water supply, however, improvements of fertilization with the soil texture and irrigation methods were required. Further trials should be followed about the cultural time, irrigation methods and other nutrient combinations in detail.

혈관내초음파로 평가한 스텐트를 삽입한관동맥의 형태학적 특징

정남식,홍범기,임세중,백성일,이문형,장양수,심원흠,조승연,김성순 대한순환기학회 1997 Korean Circulation Journal Vol.27 No.8

친환경농산물의 경제성분석

정대수,이종성,김기영,오주성,정원복,정순재 東亞大學校 大學院 2002 大學院論文集 Vol.27 No.-

In this study, questionnaire were made to environment- friendly producers of rice, lettuce and persimmon regarding farm management methods in low-input production method utilizing organic materials. The average gross revenue of environment-friendly production of rice was about \2,510, and their average yield was 389㎏/10a, which are 22% and 34% lower, respectively, than the conventional rice production case. lettuce was about \3,280/㎏, and their average yield was 4,299㎏/10a, persimmon was about \1,170㎏, and their average yield was 1,645㎏/10z. In order to improve the environment- friendly productions of rice, lettuce and persimmon industry, active cooperation is needed among the producers, govermment ad researchers more than ever. Among other things, production cost reduction and quality improvement with lower chemical residues are part of the urgent matters to be done.

사회복지학 분야 ‘고령화 사회’ 연구동향 : 인식과 대책

정순둘,김성원 이화여자대학교 사회과학연구소 2012 사회과학연구논총 Vol.27 No.-

In order to review research on an aging society mainly discussed in the context of social welfare in South Korea, this study was conducted by reviewing literature in that field. Thirteen journals in the field of Social Welfare Studies were selected; they were all published and registered at the Korea Research Foundation. Among them, 117 articles published from 1992 to 2010 were analyzed. This research analyzed the distribution of the number of research articles since 2000, a year that South Korea began to enter into an aging society, in terms of the society of population, individuals, families, and society. This research also investigated the perceptions toward aging and further reviewed countermeasures discussed in the field of social welfare. The research results showed that the number of study on aging conducted since 2000 was on the sharp increase and aging is perceived as a crisis and research focused was only on both senescence and life in old age. Based on the results, this research suggested future research directions; (1) more research on the effects of aging throughout the entire life is needed, and (2) more balanced perception is needed. 본 연구는 국내 사회복지학분야에서 고령화 사회에 대한 인식과 대책들에 대해 어떠한 주제로 연구하고 있는지 문헌고찰을 통해 연구동향을 살펴보았다. 연구대상은 한국연구재단에 등재학술지로 등록된 사회복지관련 학술지 13개이며, 1992년에서 2010년 사이에 발간된 총 117편의 학술논문을 분석하였다. 고령화 사회가 가져오는 위기와 기회에 따라 어떤 주제를 다루는 논문들이 이루어져 왔는지를 분석하였다. 주로 고령화 사회에 대한 인식과 관련하여 연구되고 있는 주제들을 인구사회학적, 개인, 가족, 사회적 측면에서 분석하였으며, 논의되고 있는 대책들을 살펴보았다. 연구결과, 지역별 고령화 현상의 심화, 수명연장으로 인한 연장된 삶에 대한 적응, 가족부양과 노인단독가구, 사회적 보호체계 고령화 사회가 주는 위기와 기회의 주제로 나타났다. 대책과 관련하여서는 부양, 소득보장, 경제활동참여, 건강, 노인복지시설 네트워크, 서비스개발, 노인관련전문가 전문성 향상 등이 주제로 나타났다. 이러한 연구결과를 바탕으로 향후 고령화 연구의 방향을 제시하였다.

부정합 개념의 교수 · 학습 방법 개선을 위한 CAI 프로그램 개발 및 적용

정원우,김순복,이윤종,김중욱 慶北大學校 科學敎育硏究所 2003 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.27 No.-

The purpose of this paper is to develop a CAI program and apply it to the students to see its effectiveness for middle students in understand how unconformity is formed. This CAI program was developed with 16 bit IBM-pc compatible computer using 'KAS (Korea Authoring System) Ver. 2.0. This program consists of 125 pictures and can be used for 45 minute instruction period. The number of KAS lines in this program is about 1300. This program was made to enhance students' achievement on the concept of geological unconformity through animation and sound effects. This research is considered to have the interaction effect between the computer and learner, and this material was made to assess the results of the learning. The results of its application revealed that the control group (38 students) was more excellent in their achievement than those (37 students) who didn't use this program. The achievement rate of the control group was 56.84% whereas that of the other group was 49.46%. This result shows that this CAI program is very effective.

정신분열병 환자에서 통계적 확률 해부학 지도를 이용한 확산텐서영상 연구 : 겉보기 확산 계수 지도를 이용한 고찰

홍순범,신용욱,김대진,문원진,정은철,이재성,박해정,권준수 大韓神經精神醫學會 2006 신경정신의학 Vol.45 No.4

Objectives : Diffusion tensor imaging (DTl) studies of schizophrenia, thus far, have mainly focused on white matter abnormalities reflected in anisotropy indices such as fractional anisotropy (FA), but recently, new implications of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) have been proposed. This is. to our knowledge, the first study to analyze ADC maps of schizophrenic Patients using statistical parametric anatomical mapping (SPAM). Methods : DTl was performed in 20 schizophrenic patients and an equal number of age- and sex-matched healthy controls. ADC maps were then generated, from which 98 volumes of interest were extracted using SPAM. Probability-weighted mean values of ADC were calculated from each volume of interest and compared between the two groups. Results : Significantly higher mean ADC values were observed in patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls in the following volumes of interest: bilateral hippocampal formation, bilateral uncus, nght thalamus, light temporal lobe white matter, right superior temporal gyrus, bilateral insula and right lateral ventricle. Conclusion : The results support the recently proposed assertion that regionally increased ADC may reflect cortical brain atrophy. In addition, a new possibility is raised that a neuropathological event involving both the gray and the white matter may also play a role.

변이제와 안정제가 Candida dattila의 Killer 활성에 미치는 효과 및 Gel Filtration에 의한 Killer Toxin의 분리

백순영,정원철,최언호 서울여자대학교 자연과학연구소 2000 자연과학연구논문집 Vol.12 No.-

Candida dattila K105 and K108 are killer yeasts isolated from Korea wine grapes. Treatment with cycloheximide of 0.1 to 10 ppm, ethidium bromide of 1 to 100 ppm, or acriflavine hydrochloride of 10 to 1,000 ppm killed the cells of Candida dattila K105 and K108, the larger cells with higher concentration of the mutagens, but the killing activity was not cured by their treatment. The killing activity of K105 and K108 were conserved for long time by treatment with inositol or glycerol of 3.0% at 5℃ and 20℃, while it was almost cured at 35℃. From the isolation through gel filtration, the toxin was deduced to be glyceroprotein.

30% Minocycline 국소 약물송달제제의 생체내, 외방출역학, 세포독성 및 세포활성도 측정

최현순,이상철,김강주,장원규,정서영,정종평 대한구강생물학회 1992 International Journal of Oral Biology Vol.16 No.1

Present study was performed to examine in vitro and in vivo release kinetics, cell cytotoxicity and cellular growth survival of local 30% Minocycline delivery. The purpose of this study was to determine the possibility of clinical use of 30% Minocycline load polycaprolactone film(Mino-Strip). The size of Mino-strip is 6.5㎜×2.5㎜×0.3㎜, Mwt: 5.7㎎). In vitro releasing test, each film showed a large initial burst effect within first one and two hours and more than 84% of Minocycline was releasing test, each film showed a large burst effect within first two and three hours. A steady state kinetics was observed for 8 days both in vivo and in vitro releasing test. In cytotoxicity test, there was no significant cytotoxic effect in Mino-strip to human gingival fibroblast. In cellular growth survival test, there was no significant cellular growth survival effect in Mino-strip to human gingival fibroblast.

중학교 과학교육에서 천체운동의 개념형성학습에 관한 연구

김순,강용희,안병호,윤일희,정원우 慶北大學校 師範大學 科學敎育硏究所 1999 科學敎育硏究誌 Vol.23 No.-

We consider the effect of conceptual learning through exploratory activities concerning the concepts of motion of celestial bodies in the middle school science class. We are also trying to show an improved way of teaching for the effective conceptual learning. To measure the effect of conceptual learning, we prepared a questionnaire with 17 test items concerning basic concepts of motion of earth and planets. The test scores for the conceptual learning group was significantly higher than those of the conventional learning group. Educational implications of the planned conceptual learning through exploratory activities are discussed.