中原圈 寺刹風景에 관한 考察

鄭玧洙,秋甲喆,李成基 建國大學校 附設 自然科學硏究所 1992 建國自然科學硏究誌 Vol.3 No.-

Four temples were picked from the central northern area in Chung-Won Zone. And the considered result of the temple scape factors can be conclusion as follows: 1. Most of relics worthy of the buddhist culture and tradition were burnt away and lost out,. There were much difficulties in collection and comparision of bibliographical materials. So urgent is the task of recovering and restoring the relics into their original forms and conditions. 2. When Chung-Won Zone in taken in a view of the military strategic position throughout the ancient triple dynasties rather than a center of cultural creation in the context of historical research, we cannot say that Chung-Won Zone was affected uniquely by a particular one nation among the three dynasties. 3. Virgin forest is completly damaged in general throughout current forest aspect of the each temple and yet forests are reviving and on the way of transition to the original. 4. It is assumed that the plants from the primitive around the temple in common were hard wood forest of mixed forest. To quickly bring up the progress of stable forest growth and development for the purpose of ecological advantage, useful hard wood forest should be well tended in a positive approach as the hard wood forest is potentially surfacing out. 5. Country species which is afforested to be proper to form the temple scape should be planted at many small sized spots so barren lands around. It is recommendable that Quercus aliena BL. stands espceally at the Kakyoon Temple be taken care of concentrating it should be leaded to the balanced selection forest type. 6. Caution should be directed to prevent damage of Theodiplosis Japonensis U. et I. from pinus densiflora S. et Z. stands at Kooin Temple and Konglim Temple and also from pinus densiflora for. multicaulis U. at Kayoon Temple. 7. Forest outside the boundary of the temple should be established as a special protective zone and worning boards should be displayed to the public so that people recognize the forest scapes are the most precious resources and dense forest should be developed to be a model forest in Korea. 8. We should be able to find a place of sight pleasue, rest and recreation through further successful development of natural scape elements surrounding the temples. It is ideal that man can expect to enjoy our mental recuperation in the nature from of the forest.

경남지역의 채소류와 화훼류 해충에 관한 조사

신현열,이동운,추호렬,박정규 경상대학교 농업생명과학연구원 2001 농업생명과학연구 Vol.35 No.-

본 연구는 1996년 경남지역 주요 채소류와 화훼류 작물에 발생하는 해충과 기타 주요 해로운 동물의 종류를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 오이에서는 오이총채벌레와 꽃노랑총채벌레를 포함하여 7과 8속 10종이 확인되었으며, 양파에서는 알톡토기를 포함한 4과 4속 4종이 조사되었고, 배추에서는 배추좀나방과 담배거세미나방을 포함한 10과 13속 14종이 확인되었다. 거베라에서는 아메리카잎굴파리와 점박이응애, 담배거세미나방을 포함한 8과 8속 10종이, 글라디올러스에서는 명주달팽이와 민달팽이, 들민달팽이를 포함하여 6과 7속 8종이, 국화에서는 민달팽이와 꽃노랑총채벌레를 포함한 10과 13속 14종의 해충이 확인되었다. Insect pests were surveyed on the major vegetable and floricultural crops in Gyeongnam province in 1996. In addition, some other important animal pests were included in this survey. Ten species of 8 genera in 7 families including Thrips palmi and Frankliniella occidentalis were found from cucumber; 4 species of 4 genera in 4 families including Bourletiella hortensis from onion; 15 species of 14 genera in 11 families including Plutella xylostella and Spodoptera litura from Chinese cabbage; 10 species of 8 genera in 8 families including Liriomyza trifolii, Tetranychus urticae and S. litura from gerbera; 6 species of 7 genera in 8 families including Acusta despecta, Incilaria contusa and Deroceras varians from gladiolus; and 14 species of 13 genera in 10 families including I. contusa and F. occidentalis from chrysanthemum.

Sequence-Specific Oligonucleotide의 Hybridization방법에 의해 결정된 미토콘드리아 DNA형의 법의학적 유용성

홍성수,고성호,이정주 內務部 國立科學搜査硏究所 1996 國立 科學 搜査 硏究所 年報 Vol.28 No.-

노화가 인체 중간엽 줄기세포로부터 조골세포로의 증식 및 분화에 미치는 영향

백기현,태현정,오기원,이원영,조정기,권순용,강무일,차봉연,이광우,손호영,강성구,김춘추 대한내분비학회 2003 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.18 No.3

연구배경: 일반적으로 골다공증과 연관된 위험인자로는 연령, 폐경, 약물, 불충분한 칼슘섭취, 만성질환 및 운동부족 등이 있는데, 특히 노화가 진행할수록 골밀도가 감소하는 것은 잘 알려져 있다. 노화와 관련하여 진행되는 골소실은 조골세포 및 전구조골세포의 기능적 결핍에 의한 골형성의 감소가 주요한 요인으로 여겨지고 있다. 그 동안 연령이 조골모 세포의 양과 조골모 세포로부터 성숙조골세포로의 분화 및 증식에 미치는 영향에 대한 일부 보고들이 있었으나 아직 일치된 견해는 없는 형편이다. 방법: 다양한 연령의 사람으로부터 골수를 채취, 중간엽 줄기세포가 포함된 단핵세포를 분리한 후 조골세포로 분화하기 좋은 조건하에서 배양하였다. 대상군은다시 젊은군과 노령군으로 구분하여 다양한 변수를 비교 분석하였다. 일차배양에서는 CFU-F를 계수하여 골수내 중간엽 줄기세포의 수를 추산하였고, 칼슘측정을 통하여 기질의 무기화 정도를 비교하였다. 계대배양후 이차배양에서는 시기별로 알카리성 포스파타제 활성도를 측정하고 오스테오칼신 mRNA의 발현을 관찰하여 젊은군과 노령군 사이의 증식능 차이를 비교하였다. 또한 이차배양 시기별로 MTT 측정을 하여 양군간에 증식능 차이가 있는지 알아보았다. 결과: 1. 일차배양 15일째에 평균 CFU-F의 수는 젊은군에서 유의하게 많았다(젊은군 148.3±28.9, 노령군 54.3±9.1, p=0.02). CFU-F의 평균면적은 젊은군에서 넓은 경향을 보였으나 통계적으로 유의하지는 않았다. 2. 일차배양 17일 경과 후 양군간에 기질 칼슘 침착정도는 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았다(젊은군 103.6±50.6, 노령군: 114.0±56.5, p=NS). 3. 이차배양 10일째에 젊은군에서 알카리성 포스파타제 활성도가 고령군에 비해 유의하게 높았다(젊은군: 935.5±115.0 U/mg, 노령군: 578.4±115.7U/mg,p.0.05). 고령군에서는 시간 경과에 따른 변화가 미약했으며 전반적으로 알카리성 포스파타제의 활성도가 젊은군에 비해 낮았다. 4. 이차배양도중 오스테오칼신 mRNA의 발현은 배양시기별로 젊은군에 비해 고령군에서 더 낮은 경향을 관찰할 수 있었다. 5. 이차배양 10일과 15일에 젊은군에서 노령군보다세포증식이 유의하게 증가된 양상을 보였다(10앓 젊은군 0.73±0.05, 노령군 0.58±0.04, p=0.05, 15일; 젊은군 0.80±0.05, 노령군 0.70±0.03, p=0.05).결론: 이상의 연구에서 저자들은 노령군에서 젊은군보다 골수 내 중간엽줄기세포의 수가 적고, 노령군에서 유래한 전구조골세포의 성숙조골세포로의 증식 및 분화가 젊은군 보다 감소해 있는 것을 관찰할 수 있었다. Background: Osteoblasts originate from osteoprogenitor cells in bone marrow stroma, termed mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) or bone marrow stromal cells. Each MSC forms colonies (colony forming units-fibroblasts [CFL-Fs]) when cultured ex vivo. There are some reports about the age-related changes of the number and osteogenic potential of osteoprogenitor cells, but any relationship has not been clearly established in humans. In this study, we counted MSCs using CFU-Fs count and examined the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of osteoprogenitor cells. Finally, we analyzed how these parameters varied with donor age. Methods: Bone marrow was obtained from the iliac crest of young (n=6, 27.2±8.6 years old) and old (n= 10, 57.4k6.7 years old) healthy donors. Mononuclear cells, including MSCs, were isolated and cultured in osteogenic medium. In primary culture, we compared the colony-forming efficiency of MSCs between the two groups and determined the matrix calcification. When primary culture showed near confluence, the cells were subcultured. Alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin expression by RT-PCR and proliferative potential by MTT assay were examined by the time course of secondary culture. Results: At the 15th day of primary culture, the mean number of CFU-Fs was significantly higher in the younger donors (young: 148.3±28.9, old: 54.3±9.1, p=0.02) and the mean size of CFL-Fs was also larger in the younger donors than the older donors. However, matrix calcification was not different between the two groups (young: 103.6±50.6, old: 114.0±56.5, p=NS). In secondary culture, alkaline phosphatase activities were significantly lower in the older donors. The younger donors showed peak alkaline phosphatase activity at day 10, while the older donors didn't showed a remarkable peak (young: 935.5±115.OU/mg, old: 578.4±115.7U/mg, p<0.05). Total cell number as a proliferative index increased progressively during the secondary culture and a significantly greater cell number was noted in the younger donors. Osteocalcin expression was generally upregulated in the younger donors, but this was not statistically significant. Conclusion: Our study shows that the number of osteoprogenitor cells is decreased during aging and that the proliferative capacity and differentiation potential of osteoprogenitor cells seem to be reduced during aging (J Kor SOC Endocrinol 18:296-305, 2003).

Enhancing the Physical Properties and Lifespan of Bacterial Quorum Quenching Media through Combination of Ionic Cross-Linking and Dehydration

( Sang Hyun Lee ),( Seonki Lee ),( Kibaek Lee ),( Chang Hyun Nahm ),( Sung-jun Jo ),( Jaewoo Lee ),( Kwang-ho Choo ),( Jung-kee Lee ),( Chung-hak Lee ),( Pyung-kyu Park ) 한국미생물 · 생명공학회 2017 Journal of microbiology and biotechnology Vol.27 No.3

Quorum quenching (QQ) bacteria entrapped in a polymeric composite hydrogel (QQ medium) have been successfully applied in membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for effective biofouling control. However, in order to bring QQ technology closer to practice, the physical strength and lifetime of QQ media should be improved. In this study, enforcement of physical strength, as well as an extension of the lifetime of a previously reported QQ bacteria entrapping hollow cylinder (QQ-HC), was sought by adding a dehydration procedure following the cross-linking of the polymeric hydrogel by inorganic compounds like Ca²⁺ and boric acid. Such prepared medium demonstrated enhanced physical strength possibly through an increased degree of physical cross-linking. As a result, a longer lifetime of QQ-HCs was confirmed, which led to improved biofouling mitigation performance of QQ-HC in an MBR. Furthermore, QQ-HCs stored under dehydrated condition showed higher QQ activity when the storage time lasted more than 90 days owing to enhanced cell viability. In addition, the dormant QQ activity after the dehydration step could be easily restored through reactivation with real wastewater, and the reduced weight of the dehydrated media is expected to make handling and transportation of QQ media highly convenient and economical in practice.

Polymorphism of Salivary Proteins in Korean Population

Lee, Chung Choo,Oh, Moon You,Lee, Ha Kyu 한국유전학회 1988 Genes & Genomics Vol.10 No.4

Polymorphism on the salivary Proline-rich protein(Pr), Double-band protein (D6), acid protein (Pa), basic protein (Pb), Esterase (Set) and Amylase (Amyl) were analysed by polyacrylamide gel or starch gel electrophoresis. The phenotypes and the gene frequencies of the salivary proteins are as follows;

Integrated Design, Simulation, and Experiment Tool for Real-Time Control Systems

Chung Choo Chung,Seung-Hi Lee,Sang-Hoon Chu 제어로봇시스템학회 1997 제어로봇시스템학회 국내학술대회 논문집 Vol.1997 No.10

한국인 집단의 glutamate - pyruvate transaminase(GPT)와 δ - aminolevulinic acid dehydratase(ALADH)in Korean Population

Lee, Chung Choo,Kim, Hyun Sup 한국유전학회 1988 Genes & Genomics Vol.10 No.1

The polymorphisms of the GPT and ALADH were studied in red cell samples from Korean (Seoul) population. Two common alleles, GPT*1 and GPT*2 were found. Rare allele, GPT*2B, was not detected. The allele frequencies estimated for GPT*1 and GPT*2 were 0.574 and 0.426, respectively. The GPT*2 frequency in Korean population was higher than that of Japanese population and lower than that of Chinese. There were two alleles, ALADH*1 and ALADH*2, and three phenotypes, type 1, 2-1, and 2. The allele frequencies estimated for ALADH*1 and ALADH*2 were 0.950 and 0.050, respectively. Korean population showed higher ALADH*1 frequency than that Japanese population.

Fungal Quorum Quenching: A Paradigm Shift for Energy Savings in Membrane Bioreactor (MBR) for Wastewater Treatment

Lee, Kibaek,Lee, Seonki,Lee, Sang Hyun,Kim, Sang-Ryoung,Oh, Hyun-Suk,Park, Pyung-Kyu,Choo, Kwang-Ho,Kim, Yea-Won,Lee, Jung-Kee,Lee, Chung-Hak American Chemical Society 2016 Environmental science & technology Vol.50 No.20

<P>In the last 30 years, the use of membrane bioreactors (MBRs) for advanced wastewater treatment and reuse have been expanded continuously, but they still suffer from excessive energy consumption resulting from the intrinsic problem of membrane biofouling. One of the major causes of biofouling in MBRs is bacterial quorum sensing (QS) via N-acylhomoserine lactones (AHLs) and/or autoinducer-2 (AI-2), enabling intra- and interspecies communications, respectively. In this study, we demonstrate that farnesol can substantially mitigate membrane biofouling in a MBR due to its quorum quenching (QQ) activity. When Candida albicans (a farnesol producing fungus) entrapping polymer beads (AEBs) were placed in the MBR, the rate of transmembrane pressure (TMP) rise-up was substantially decreased, even for lower aeration intensities. This finding corresponds to a specific aeration energy savings of approximately 40% (25% through the physical washing effect and a further 15% through the biological QQ effect of AEBs) compared to conventional MBRs without AEBs. A real-time RT-qPCR analysis revealed that farnesol secreted from C. albicans mitigated the biofilm formation in MBRs via the suppression of AI-2 QS. Successful control of biofouling and energy savings through fungal-to-bacterial QQ could be expanded to the plant scale for MBRs in wastewater treatment with economic feasibility.</P>

Micro-patterned membranes with enzymatic quorum quenching activity to control biofouling in an MBR for wastewater treatment

Lee, Jaewoo,Won, Young-June,Choi, Dong-Chan,Lee, Seonki,Park, Pyung-Kyu,Choo, Kwang-Ho,Oh, Hyun-Suk,Lee, Chung-Hak Elsevier 2019 Journal of membrane science Vol.592 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>In this study, a patterned quorum quenching (QQ) membrane with anti-biofouling characteristics was prepared <I>via</I> a patterning process of an oxidized multiwall carbon nanotube (o-MWCNT) composite membrane followed by immobilization of QQ enzymes. We verified that the o-MWCNTs with a high specific surface area helped the patterned membrane retain 32% more enzyme compared to the case without the o-MWCNTs. Furthermore, the micro-pattern on the membrane surface increased the effective membrane area (~1.6 times), offsetting the membrane resistance additionally caused by enzyme immobilization. The patterned QQ membrane kept the relative activity at above 40% of the initial activity for 39 days due to the cross-linking. It was also confirmed in a flow cell test that the patterned QQ membrane had much more control over biofilm formation by effectively disrupting quorum sensing compared to the patterned membrane. Due to the combined effect of the QQ activity and the pattern effect (<I>e.g.</I>, low permeation drag), the patterned QQ membrane (2.2 times) significantly lengthened the time between chemical cleanings compared to the non-patterned membrane. The combined effect also reduced the specific filtration energy consumption of the patterned QQ membrane to less than half of that of the non-patterned membrane as the two membranes were used to produce the same amount of the treated water during the same period. We expect that the patterned QQ membrane will open and facilitate interdisciplinary research combining patterned membranes with technologies in other areas to improve the antifouling properties of patterned membranes.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Interdisciplinary research was conducted to prepare the patterned QQ membrane. </LI> <LI> The patterned QQ membrane effectively suppressed the biofilm formation by QQ effect. </LI> <LI> The micro-pattern offset membrane resistance caused by enzyme immobilization. </LI> <LI> The patterned QQ membrane remarkably prolonged the time between chemical cleanings. </LI> <LI> The patterned QQ membrane consumed significantly less specific filtration energy. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>