Original Articles : Clinical significance of occult hepatitis B virus infection in chronic hepatitis C patients

( Jae Young Jang ),( Soung Won Jeong ),( Sung Ran Cheon1 ),( Sae Hwan Lee1 ),( Sang Gyune Kim ),( Young Koog Cheon ),( Young Seok Kim1 ),( Young Deok Cho1 ),( Hong Soo Kim ),( So Young Jin ),( Yun Soo 대한간학회 2011 Clinical and Molecular Hepatology(대한간학회지) Vol.17 No.3

Background/Aims: We investigated the frequency of occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in anti-hepatitis C virus (HCV)-positive individuals and the effects of occult HBV infection on the severity of liver disease. Methods: Seventy-one hepatitis B virus surface-antigen (HBsAg)-negative patients were divided according to their HBV serological status into groups A (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs negative; n=18), B (anti-HBc positive, anti-HBs positive; n=34), and C (anti-HBc negative, anti-HBs positive/negative; n=19), and by anti-HCV positivity (anti-HCV positive; n=32 vs. anti-HCV negative; n=39). Liver biopsy samples were taken, and HBV DNA was quantified by real-time PCR. Results: Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 32.4% (23/71) of the entire cohort, and HBV DNA levels were invariably low in the different groups. Occult HBV infection was detected more frequently in the anti-HBc-positive patients. Intrahepatic HBV DNA was detected in 28.1% (9/32) of the anti-HCV-positive and 35.9% (14/39) of the anti-HCV-negative subjects. The HCV genotype did not affect the detection rate of intrahepatic HBV DNA. In anti-HCV-positive cases, occult HBV infection did not affect liver disease severity. Conclusions: Low levels of intrahepatic HBV DNA were detected frequently in both HBsAg-negative and anti-HCV-positive cases. However, the frequency of occult HBV infection was not affected by the presence of hepatitis C, and occult HBV infection did not have a significant effect on the disease severity of hepatitis C. (Korean J Hepatol 2011;17:206-212)

The Effects of Seonghyangjeonggisan on Cytokines Production in the Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Acute Cerebral Infarction Patients

Yun Jong Min,Lee Min Goo,Park Sae Wook,Lee In,Cho Kwang Ho,Moon Byung Soon The Physiological Society of Korean Medicine and T 2004 동의생리병리학회지 Vol.18 No.4

The Korean traditional medicine, Seonghyangjeonggisan (SHJGS) has long been used for acute cerebral infarction (Cl). However, scientific investigation has been carried out a little. Cytokines, involved in the regulation of inflammatory reactions and immune responses, may play an important role in the pathogenesis of Cl. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of SHJGS on the production of various cytokines in the patients with acute Cl. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) obtained from the patients with acute Cl were cultured for 24hr in the presence or absence of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). The amount of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8, in PBMC culture supernatant, was significantly increased in the LPS and PHA treated cells, compared with unstimulated cells (P<0.05). This study showed that increased TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 level stimulated by LPS and PHA was inhibited by SHJGS (0.01-1 ㎎/㎖) in a dose-dependent manner but IL-8 level was not inhibited significantly at 1㎎/㎖ (P>0.05). The maximal inhibition rate of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-8 by SHJGS (1㎎/㎖) was 68% (P<0.05), 53.9% (P<0.05), 45.5% (P<0.05), 46.7% (P>0.05) respectively. These results suggest that SHJGS might have anti-inflammatory effects through cytokine modulation. which might explain its beneficial effects in the treatment of acute Cl.

Secondary Sphere Formation Enhances the Functionality of Cardiac Progenitor Cells

Cho, Hyun-Jai,Lee, Ho-Jae,Youn, Seock-Won,Koh, Seok-Jin,Won, Joo-Yun,Chung, Yeon-Ju,Cho, Hyun-Ju,Yoon, Chang-Hwan,Lee, Sae-Won,Lee, Eun Ju,Kwon, Yoo-Wook,Lee, Hae-Young,Lee, Sang Hun,Ho, Won-Kyung,Par Elsevier 2012 MOLECULAR THERAPY Vol.20 No.9

Acupuncture Treatment for Post-thoracotomy Pain

Cho,Kyu-seok,Kim,Soo-cheol,Lee,Yun-ho,Son,Sung-sae,Park,Dong-seok,Lee,Jae-young INSTITUTE OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE KYUNG-HEE UNIVERSIT 1996 JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE Vol.1 No.1

<Objectives> This study is to prove that acupuncture therapy can effectively control postthoracotomy pain, and that it can reduce or replace analgesics. <Methods> 20 patients who had thoracotomy were randomly allocated and divided into two groups. The control group was treated with analgesics, and the experimental group was treated with acupuncture treatment at three points; Chigu(TE6), Yangnungch'on (G34) and Changmun(LR13). Postoperative analgesic effects were evaluated by subjective pain, limited motion of the operative side and analgesia requirement. <Results> 1. On subjective pain after surgery, there were no significant differences between the acupuncture and the control group. 2. On the limited motion of the operative side, there were no significant differences between the acupuncture and the control group. 3. On the amount of analgesics, the acupuncture group took significantly less analgesics than the control group. <Conclusion> After thoracotomy, acupuncture treatment can reduce the need for analgesics, and also, it proves to be more effective on patients with low liver functions, or side effects with analgesics.

거제수나무, 물푸레나무, 굴참나무 묘목의 실외 인위적 온난화에 대한 수종 특이적 생장 반응

한새롬 ( Sae Rom Han ),안지애 ( Ji Ae An ),윤태경 ( Tae Kyung Yoon ),윤순진 ( Soon Jin Yun ),황재홍 ( Jae Hong Hwang ),조민석 ( Min Seok Cho ),손요환 ( Yo Whan Son ) 한국농림기상학회 2014 한국농림기상학회지 Vol.16 No.3

기후변화 대응 산림 관리 방법을 개발하기 위해서는 온난화에 따른 수목의 반응을 예측하는 것이 중요하다. 본 연구는 우리나라 주요 활엽수종인 거제수나무 (Betula costata), 물푸레나무(Fraxinus rhynchophylla), 굴참나무(Quercus variabilis) 묘목의 실외 인위적 온난화에 대한 생장 반응을 알아보기 위하여 수행되었다. 이를 위해 적외선등을 이용하여 지속적으로 기온을 3oC 증가시킬 수 있는 실외 인위적 온난화 시스템을 구축하고, 활엽수 3개 수종을 파종한 후, 온도 증가에 대한 발아 당년 묘목의 생장, 생물량 분배 및 순광합성률의 반응을 분석하였다. 연구 결과, 거제수나무, 물푸레나무, 굴참나무 묘목의 생장은 실외 인위적 온난화 처리에 대하여 수종과 시기에 따라 서로 다른 반응을 나타냈다. 즉 거제수나무는 온난화 처리에 따라 근원경 대비 묘고 비율, 총 생물량, 지상부 대비 뿌리 중량 비율, 순광합성률 등이 감소한 반면, 굴참나무는 근원경, 묘고, 총 생물량, 순광합성률 등이 증가하였으며, 물푸레나무는 다른 수종에 비하여 생장 반응이 뚜렷하지 않았다. 시기별 반응으로는, 7월에는 모든 수종에 대하여 온난화 처리에 따른 변화가 나타나지 않았으나 11월에는 굴참나무의 근원경, 묘고, H/D율이 증가한 반면 거제수나무의 H/D율이 감소하였다. 온난화에 대한 수종별 생장 반응의 차이는 순광합성률 및 생물량 분배의 수종별 반응과 유사하게 나타나, 온도 증가에 의한 순광합성률과 생물량 분배의 수종별 차이가 생장에 영향을 미친 것으로 생각된다. 한편, 여름에 비하여 가을에 더 두드러지게 나타난 생장 반응은 온난화에 의한 식물 계절 특성의 변화에 의한 것으로 보인다. 활엽수 3개 수종에 대하여 온난화에 의한 수종 특이적 생장 반응을 밝힌 본 연구 결과는 기후변화에 대응한 산림 관리 정책 개발에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. Evaluation of tree responses to temperature elevation is critical for a development of forest management techniques coping with climate change. We conducted a study on the growth responses of Betula costata, Fraxinus rhynchophylla, and Quercus variabilis seedlings to open-field artificial warming. Artificial warming set-up using infra-red heater was built in 2012 and the temperature in warmed plots was regulated to be consistently 3oC higher than that of control plots. The seeds of three species were sown, and the responses of growth, biomass allocation, and net photosynthetic rate of newly-germinated seedlings on the open-field artificial warming were determined. As a result, the growth responses of the seedlings differed with the species. B. costata showed decreases in the height to diameter ratio (H/D ratio), biomass, root weight to shoot weight ratio, and net photosynthetic rate. However, root collar diameter (RCD), height, biomass, and net photosynthetic rate of Q. variabilis were increased, while the response of F. rhynchophylla was rather obscure. There was no significant difference between warmed and control plots in seedling growth for 3 species in July, whereas, RCD, height, and H/D ratio of Q. variabilis were increased and H/D ratio of B. costata was decreased in November under warming. Species-specific growth responses to warming were similar to the speciesspecific responses of net photosynthetic rate and biomass allocation; therefore, net photosynthetic rate and biomass allocation might attribute to growth responses to warming. Besides, a relatively obvious response in autumn compared to summer might be affected by the phenological change following artificial warming. Species-specific responses of three deciduous species to warming in this study could be applied to the development of adaptive forest management policies to climate change.

노인환자의 기도가역성 검사에서 FEV6의 보완적 지표로서의 역할

김새희 ( Sae Hee Kim ),이양덕 ( Yang Deok Lee ),이정윤 ( Jung Yun Lee ),조용선 ( Yong Seon Cho ),나동집 ( Dong Jip Na ),한민수 ( Min Soo Han ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2006 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.61 No.3

연구배경 : 기도가역성 측정시, 1초간 노력성 호기량(forced expiratory volume in one second, FEV1)과 노력성 폐활량(forced vital capacity, FVC)은 흔히 사용되는 지표인데 양성반응의 권장기준은 기저치보다 증가치가 절대량이 200㎖이상 그리고 백분율로는 12%이상의 두 조건을 다 만족하는 것이다. 그러나 노인 환자는 천식에 합당한 병력을 가지고 있어도 기도가역성의 진단기준을 만족시키지 못하는 경우가 종종 있다. 저자들은 6초간 노력성 호기량(FEV6)이 노인의 기도가역성 검사에서 역할을 알아보자고 하였다. 방법: 65세 이상의 노인환자 중 폐기능검사에서 FEV1/FVC가 80%미만인 236명에게 폐활량측정법으로 기도가역성 검사를 시행하였다. 기저 FEV1에 따라 다음과 같이 세 군으로 분류하였으며 각 군에서의 FVC, FEV6, FEV1의 지표에 따른 기도가역성을 비교 분석하였다. 제1군 : FEV1≥80%, 제2군 : FEV1 60~80%, 제3군 : FEV1≤60% 결과: 전체 환자에서 기도가역성은 각각의 지표에 따라 FEV1에서는 33명(14.0%), FEV6는 55명(23.3%), FVC는 55명(23.3%)로 양성반응을 보였고, 제3군(FEV1≤60%)에서는 FEV1을 지표로 할 때는 15명(22.4%), FEV6는 30명(44.8%), FVC는 32명(47.8%)으로 나타났다. 결론: 본 연구에서는 FEV6가 노인환자에서 기도가역성 검사의 새로운 보완적 지표로서의 역할을 보여줬지만 이의 일반화를 위해서는 좀 더 많은 연구가 필요할 것이다. Background: In the measurement of bronchodilator reversibility, the forced expiratory volume in one second(FEV1) and the forced vital capacity(FVC) are commonly used parameters and recommended criteria for the reversibility requiring an increase of more than 200㎖ and 12% above the baseline, respectively. However, aged patients do not often meet the criteria of an increase in volume(>200㎖) even though the medical history of that patient is adequate for asthma. This study investigated the role of the forced expiratory volume in six seconds(FEV6) in the bronchodilator reversibility test in elderly patients. Methods: A total of 236 patients more than 65 years of age with a FEV1/FVC ratio<80% were enrolled in this study. The bronchodilator revesibility tests were examined. With the setting FEV1 as the baseline, the patients were divided into three groups; Group I : FEV1≥80% of the predicted value, Group II : 60%<FEV1<80% of the predicted value, Group III : FEV1≥60% of the predicted value. Results: Positive reversibility in the FEV1, FEV6, and FVC was in 33(14.0%), 49(20.8%) and 55(23.3%). However, Group III presented with reversibility in the FEV1, FEV6, and FVC in 15(22.4%), 30(44.8%) and 32(47.8%) respectively. Conclusions: The FEV6 might be used as a complementary parameter in bronchodilator reversibility in elderly patients. However, more study will be needed to determine the usefulness of FEV6 in bronchodilator reversibility test. (Tuberc Respir Dis 2006; 61: 227-232)

등척성 악력운동이 교감신경 활성화에 대한 경동맥 혈관과 심혈관 재반응에 미치는 영향

김연욱 ( Yun Wook Kim ),성준엽 ( Joon Youp Seong ),민호정 ( Ho Jeong Min ),최태구 ( Tae Gu Choi ),정용준 ( Yong Joon Jung ),조민정 ( Min Jeong Cho ),김현정 ( Hyun Jeong Kim ),제세영 ( Sae Young Jae ) 대한스포츠의학회 2024 대한스포츠의학회지 Vol.42 No.1

Purpose: Isometric handgrip exercise (IHE) has a favorable cardiovascular effect and improves hemodynamic responses. Whether IHE attenuates stress-related hemodynamic reactivity assessed during a sympathetic challenge remains unexplored. We tested the hypothesis that an acute bout of IHE would improve carotid arterial function and attenuate cardiovascular vasoreactivity response to sympathetic stress in healthy adults. Methods: In a randomized cross-over design, sixteen healthy adults (aged 21.8±3.1 years) were enrolled. Participants completed two testing sessions, separated by 1 week. Trials were either a control trial or performed IHE for two sets of 2 minutes at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction for each hand. The participant’s hand was immersed in an ice water bath (4℃) up to the wrist for 2 minutes. Carotid artery diameter, β-stiffness index, and compliance using ultrasound machine and brachial blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR) were measured as indices of vasoreactivity at baseline, during, and recovery from cold pressor testing (CPT). Results: The BP, HR, carotid artery diameter, and β-stiffness index increased similarly during CPT in both trials (p< 0.001), without any interaction effect. Compared with the IHE trial, arterial compliance decreased in the control groups at 120 seconds during recovery with a significant interaction effect (p=0.02). Conclusion: These findings suggest that an acute IHE did not attenuate BP, HR, carotid artery diameter and β-stiffness index vasoreactivity, but improved carotid artery compliance to sympathetic activation in healthy young adults.

Medicinal Chemistry : ELSEVIER ; Research article : Korean Red Ginseng attenuates ethanol-induced steatosis and oxidative stress via AMPK/Sirt1 activation

( Jae Yun Han ),( Sang Kyu Lee ),( Ji Hye Yang ),( Sun Ju Kim ),( Ju Hee Sim ),( Mi Gwang Kim ),( Tae Cheon Jeong ),( Sae Kwang Ku ),( Ll Je Cho ),( Sung Hwang Ki ) 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 2015 영남대학교 약품개발연구소 연구업적집 Vol.25 No.-

Background: Alcoholic steatosis is the earliest and most common liver disease, and may precede the onset of more severe forms of liver injury. Methods :The effect of Korean Red Ginseng extract (RGE) was tested in two murine models of ethanol(EtOH)-feeding and EtOH-treated hepatocytes. Results: Blood biochemistry analysis demonstrated that RGE treatment improved liver function. Histo-pathology and measurement of hepatic triglyceride content verified the ability of RGE to inhibit fat accumulation. Consistent with this, RGE administration downregulated hepatic lipogenic gene induction and restored hepatic lipolytic gene repression by EtOH. The role of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver diseases is well established. Treatment with RGE attenuated EtOH-induced cytochrome P450 2E1, 4-hydroxynonenal, and nitrotyrosine levels, Alcohol consumption also decreased phosphor-ylation of adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, which was restored by RGE. Moreover, RGE markedly inhibited fat accumulation in EtOH-treated hepatocytes, which correlated with a decrease in sterol regulatory element-binding protein-1 and a commensurate increase in sirtuin 1 and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-a expression. Interestingly, the ginsenosides RB2 and Rd, but not Rb1, significantly inhibited fat accumulation in hepatocytes. Conclusion: These results demonstrate that RGE and its ginsenoside components inhibit alcoholic stea-tosis and liver injury by adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/sirtuin 1 actication both in vivo and in vitro, suggesting that RGE may have a potential to treat alcoholic liver disease. Copyrightⓒ2014. The Korean Society of Ginseng. Published by Elsevier. All rights reserved.

Acupuncture Treatment for Post-thoracotomy Pain

Sung Sae Son,Dong Seok Park,Yun Ho Lee,Jae Young Lee,Soo Cheol Kim,Kyu Seok Cho 경희대학교 한의학연구소 1996 JOURNAL OF ORIENTAL MEDICINE Vol.1 No.1

Methylation and microsatellite status and recurrence following adjuvant FOLFOX in colorectal cancer

Han, Sae‐,Won,Lee, Hyun‐,Jung,Bae, Jeong Mo,Cho, Nam‐,Yun,Lee, Kyung‐,Hun,Kim, Tae‐,Yong,Oh, Do‐,Youn,Im, Seock‐,Ah,Bang, Yung‐,Jue,Jeong, Seung‐ Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2013 International journal of cancer: Journal internati Vol.132 No.9

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>The prognostic impact of CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP) and microsatellite instability (MSI) on the treatment outcome of colon cancer patients receiving adjuvant 5‐fluorouracil/leucovorin/oxaliplatin (FOLFOX) is unclear. We investigated CIMP and MSI status in colorectal cancer patients treated with adjuvant FOLFOX. Stages II and III sporadic colorectal cancer patients who underwent curative resection followed by adjuvant FOLFOX were included. Eight CpG island loci (CACNA1G, CRABP1, IGF2, MLH1, NEUROG1, CDKN2A (p16), RUNX3 and SOCS1) and five microsatellite markers were examined. Disease‐free survival (DFS) was analyzed according to CIMP and MSI status. A total of 322 patients were included: male/female 192/130, median age 61 years (range 30–78), proximal/distal location 118/204 and Stages II/III 43/279. CIMP status was high in 25 patients (7.8%) and 21 patients (6.5%) had MSI‐high tumor. CIMP/MSI status was not significantly associated with DFS: 3‐year DFS 100% in CIMP(−)/MSI(+), 84% in CIMP(−)/MSI(−), 82% in CIMP(+)/MSI(−) and 75% in CIMP(+)/MSI(+) (<I>p</I> = 0.33). Results of exploratory analysis showed that concurrent methylation at NEUROG1 and CDKN2A (p16) was associated with shorter DFS: 3‐year DFS 69% in NEUROG1(+)/CDKN2A (p16)(+) versus 87% in NEUROG1(−)/CDKN2A (p16)(−) (<I>p</I> = 0.006). In conclusion, concurrent methylation of NEUROG1 and CDKN2A (p16) is associated with recurrence following adjuvant FOLFOX in Stages II/III colorectal cancer.</P>