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Chih-Hao Chiu,Yun-Wen Tong,Jen-Fang Yu,Kin Fong Lei,Alvin Chao-Yu Chen 한국바이오칩학회 2020 BioChip Journal Vol.14 No.4
Periosteal cells are the major cell sources of skeletal progenitors for fracture callus. In order to promote bone repair and cartilage formation, besides the application of exogenous growth factors, physical stimulation is an alternative approach to guide cell differentiation. Investigation of appropriate conditions is essential for forming bone and cartilage. In this work, a membrane-type micro-system was developed to provide cell culture environment and cell stretching stimulation during culture course. Circular and oval culture wells were designed to respectively generate uniform and non-uniform 2-axial tensile strain for stretching primary rabbit periosteal cells. Cell orientation and differentiation were studied after cycling stretching for 2 days. The cells aligned to the stretching axis with high tensile strain in the oval culture wells; while the cells expressed random orientation in the circular culture wells. Different responses were significantly shown when the cells were respectively stimulated by uniform and non-uniform 2-axial tensile strains. On the other hand, osteogenic differentiation was shown when the cells were under either uniform or non-uniform 2-axial tensile strain. However, only non-uniform 2-axial tensile strain could induce mature osteoblasts. In addition, the result revealed chondrocytes could be differentiated only under a large and nearly single dimensional tensile strain. In summary, differentiation of the periosteal cells is highly influenced by 2-dimensional distribution of the tensile strain. This work provides some in-sights of the control of axial tensile strain for periosteal cell differentiation.
Optimal Timing of Purchasing Decisions for Airplane Tickets and Hotels. An Example in the UK.
Hao-Te LU,Wan-Yu,HSU,Chih-Yao,YI 세계문화관광학회 2012 International Journal of Culture and tourism Resea Vol.5 No.1
Customers usually like to make travel plans weeks or months ahead of the travel schedule. Therefore, they can take extra time to search information they need in order to purchase the products at the lowest possible price. Accordingly, this study bases on the revenue management (or yield management) to examine the prices of two categories, airplane tickets and hotels, over a period of eight weeks in order to observe how the prices cycle up and down over time. The aim of this study is to investigate whether there is an optimal purchasing time for any of the products. A structured observation, often also called systematic observation was conducted by this study to investigate the two categories of travel products. The study reveals that prices for the products assume an increasing trend as the date of the product consumption approaches. The implication for consumers is that they could purchase the products as early as possible to take advantage of the early prices. Although prices sometimes drop, they rarely drop lower than those the first day consumers start their search for tourism products. At end of this study, we also discuss the price variation in Taiwan and an avenue for further research.
Green and sustainable applications of energetic plasmon-activated water
Chih-Ping Yang,Shih-Hao Yu,Yu-Chuan Liu 한국공업화학회 2022 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.111 No.-
This review describes the use of bulk deionized water (DIW) treatment to become plasmon-activatedwater (PAW) with reduced hydrogen bonds (HBs). PAW with special properties can be used in innovativeapplications and development of environmental protection science and sustainable energy management. PAW is a natural water solvent, but PAW subverts the public’s idea that hydrophobic solutes are difficultto dissolve in water. PAW can dissolve more-hydrophobic solutes than ordinary water, and can also interactwith water-soluble alcohol molecules to form stronger HBs. Moreover, in the application of certainreduction reactions, no chemical reducing agent is needed, and the catalytic reduction effect can beachieved using natural PAW. A characteristic application of PAW can also be extended to seawater desalination. Due to weak HBs among PAW molecules, high water evaporation rates can be produced, and ahigher chemical potential can also be applied to the innovative development of solar energy storage. In electrochemical applications, PAW itself can promote water oxidation, oxygen reduction reactions,hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions, and the efficient capacitor production of H2O2. Furthermore,PAW can delay the melting of sea ice in the habitat of polar bears, so it may be applied to the issue ofsaving polar bears.
Yi-Chih Chang,Hao-Ping Liu,Hsiao-Li Chuang,Jiunn-Wang Liao,Pei-Ling Kao,Hsun-Lung Chan,Ter-Hsin Chen,Yu-Chih Wang 한국실험동물학회 2023 Laboratory Animal Research Vol.39 No.4
Background: Feline mammary carcinoma (FMC) is one of the most prevalent malignancies of female cats. FMC is highly metastatic and thus leads to poor disease outcomes. Among all metastases, liver metastasis occurs in about 25% of FMC patients. However, the mechanism underlying hepatic metastasis of FMC remains largely uncharacterized. Results: Herein, we demonstrate that FMC-derived extracellular vesicles (FMC-EVs) promotes the liver metastasis of FMC by activating hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) to prime a hepatic premetastatic niche (PMN). Moreover, we provide evidence that sphingosine kinase 1 (SK1) delivered by FMC-EV was pivotal for the activation of HSC and the formation of hepatic PMN. Depletion of SK1 impaired cargo sorting in FMC-EV and the EV-potentiated HSC activation, and abolished hepatic colonization of FMC cells. Conclusions: Taken together, our findings uncover a previously uncharacterized mechanism underlying liver-metastasis of FMC and provide new insights into prognosis and treatment of this feline malignancy.
Choi, Yu-Jin,Kim, Dae-Yoon,Park, Minwook,Yoon, Won-Jin,Lee, Yumin,Hwang, Joo-Kyoung,Chiang, Yeo-Wan,Kuo, Shiao-Wei,Hsu, Chih-Hao,Jeong, Kwang-Un American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.14
<P>The well-defined hierarchical superstructures constructed by the self assembly of programmed supramolecules can be organized for the fabrication of remote-controllable actuating and rewritable films. To realize this concept, we newly designed and synthesized a benzene-1,3,5-tricarboxamide (BTA) derivative (abbreviated as BTA-3AZO) containing photoresponsive azobenzene (AZO) mesogens on the periphery of the BTA core. BTA-3AZO was first self-assembled to nanocolumns mainly driven by the intermolecular hydrogen-bonds between BTA cores, and these self-assembled nanocolumns were further self-organized laterally to form the low-ordered hexagonal columnar liquid crystal (LC) phase below the isotropization temperature. Upon cooling, a lamello-columnar crystal phase emerged at room temperature via a highly ordered lamello-columnar LC phase. The three-dimensional (3D) organogel networks consisted of fibrous and lamellar superstructures were fabricated in the BTA-3AZO cyclohexane-methanol solutions. By tuning the wavelength of light, the shape and color of the 3D networked thin films were remote-controlled by the conformational changes of azobenzene moieties in the BTA-3AZO. The demonstrations of remote-controllable 3D actuating and rewritable films with the self-assembled hierarchical BTA-3AZO thin films can be stepping stones for the advanced flexible optoelectronic devices.</P>
Improving Scanner Data Collection in P4-based SDN
Yun-Zhan Cai,Chih-Hao Lai,Yu-Ting Wang,Meng-Hsun Tsai 한국통신학회 2020 한국통신학회 APNOMS Vol.2020 No.09
Port scanning is a well-known behavior when a botnet searches target devices. To detect port scanning accurately, data with high discriminatory power are indispensable. Most related works, however, focus on data analysis methods but neglect storage limitations of switches, which makes their methods impractical. Therefore, we propose a new data collection method for collecting network information of port scanning in P4-based SDN named 0-replacement. Through simulations, we compare the 0-replacement method with two classic data collection methods. Results show that the 0-replacement method improves the true positive ratio by at least 25 percentage points but only consumes 0.36% memory space.
A Study of Optical Properties of InGaAs/GaAs Quantum Dots
Gwo-Jen Jan,Chih-Ming Lai,Fu-Yu Chang,Hao-Hsing Lin 한국물리학회 2003 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.42 No.III
The optical properties of InGaAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) were investigated by temperature-dependent photoluminescence (PL) and photoreflectance (PR) spectroscopies. The surface morphology and structure analysis of InGaAs QDs were also examined and characterized by a field emission scanning electron microscope (SEM) and an atomic force microscope (AFM). The In$_{0.5}$Ga$_{0.5}$As/GaAs self-assembled QDs specimens were grown with gas-source molecular beam epitaxy and migration enhanced techniques. The area density of the QDs is on an order of magnitude about 1 $\times$ 10$^{10}$ dots/cm$^2$. The measured PL results exhibited 5 major energy peaks, two of which are attributed to InGaAs QDs, one is attributed to the InGaAs wetting layer and the other two are attributed to GaAs band-gap transitions. Two of the low energy features are identified to the optical transitions of the ground state. They were originated from the two kinds of InGaAs QDs which might be formed with slight change of the indium composition. An inverted ``S curve'' shape of the temperature-dependent PL peak energies was observed. This abnormal behavior of the line-shape is attributed to carrier localization. The results of PR measurement which reveal energy features on the high energy side contributed by GaAs is also reported.