Effects of algal toxin okadaic acid on the non-specific immune and antioxidant response of bay scallop (<i>Argopecten irradians</i>)

Chi, Cheng,Giri, Sib Sankar,Jun, Jin Woo,Kim, Hyoun Joong,Kim, Sang Wha,Yun, Saekil,Park, Se Chang Elsevier 2017 FISH AND SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY Vol.65 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Okadaic acid (OA) is produced by dinoflagellates during harmful algal blooms and is a diarrhetic shellfish-poisoning (DSP) toxin. This toxin is particularly problematic for bivalves that are cultured for human consumption. This study aimed to reveal the effects of exposure to OA on the non-specific immune responses of bay scallop, <I>Argopecten irradians</I>. Various immunological parameters (superoxide dismutase (SOD), acid phosphatase (ACP), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), lysozyme activities, and total protein level) were assessed in the hemolymph of bay scallops at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h post-exposure (hpe) to different concentrations (50, 100, and 500 nM) of OA. Moreover, the expression of immune system-related genes (<I>MnSOD</I>, <I>PrxV</I>, <I>PGRP</I>, and <I>BD</I>) was also measured. Results showed that SOD and ACP activities were decreased between 12 and 48 hpe. The ALP, lysozyme activities, and total protein levels were also modulated after exposure to different concentrations of OA. The expression of immune-system-related genes was also assessed at different time points during the exposure period. Overall, our results suggest that the exposure to OA had negative effects on the antioxidant and non-specific immune responses, and even disrupted the metabolism of bay scallops, making them more vulnerable to environmental stress-inducing agents; they provide a better understanding of the response status of bivalves against DSP toxins.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Effect of okadaic acid (OA) on the bay scallop was investigated. </LI> <LI> Cytokine responses of bay scallop were altered by OA. </LI> <LI> Immune and antioxidant responses to OA were time and concentration-dependent. </LI> </UL> </P>

Immunostimulation of <i>Cyprinus carpio</i> using phage lysate of <i>Aeromonas hydrophila</i>

Yun, Saekil,Jun, Jin Woo,Giri, Sib Sankar,Kim, Hyoun Joong,Chi, Cheng,Kim, Sang Geun,Kim, Sang Wha,Kang, Jung Woo,Han, Se Jin,Kwon, Jun,Oh, Woo Taek,Park, Se Chang Elsevier 2019 Fish & Shellfish Immunology Vol.86 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Over the last 50 years, various approaches have been established for the development of antigens for immunostimulation. We used phage lysate (PL), composed of inactivated antigens by the lytic bacteriophage pAh 6-c for <I>Aeromonas hydrophila</I> JUNAH strain to develop a vaccine for the prevention of <I>A. hydrophila infection</I> in <I>Cyprinus carpio</I> (common carp). We also assessed the poly <SUB>D,L</SUB> lactide-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microparticles encapsulation method to increase the efficiency of the vaccine. Six groups of vaccines involving encapsulated by PLGA, formalin killed cells, or phage lysate at low or high concentration were prepared for intraperitoneal injection in <I>C. carpio</I>. Blood specimens and head kidney samples were collected at various time points for bacterial agglutination assay and to assess relative expression of immune-related genes interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), lysozyme C, and serum amyloid A (SAA). The vaccine groups using high dose phage lysate antigen showed significantly higher agglutination titers than all other groups at 4- and 6-weeks post vaccination (wpv), with the titer of the PLGA encapsulated vaccine group being highest from 10 wpv to the end of the experiment. The survival rate of fish immunized with the phage lysate vaccines were higher than that of fish immunized with the formailin killed cells vaccine in the challenge experiment conducted 6 wpv. Additionally, the PLGA-encapsulated high dose phage lysate antigen vaccinated groups showed the best protective efficacy in the challenge experiment 12 wpv. Vaccines using the phage lysate antigen also showed higher IL-1β and lysozyme C gene expression at 7 days post vaccination (dpv) and 2 wpv, and higher TNF-α gene expression was seen at 7 dpv. Higher SAA gene expression was seen in these groups at 1 dpv. These results suggest that phage lysate antigen has the potential to induce robust immune responses than formalin killed cells-based vaccines, and could be more effective as a novel inactivated antigen in preventing <I>A. hydrophila</I> infection in <I>C. carpio</I>.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Vaccine formulation using phage lysate (PL) antigen and PLGA encapsulation. </LI> <LI> Inactivated PL vaccines of <I>Aeromonas hydrophila</I> were evaluated in <I>Cyprinus carpio.</I> </LI> <LI> PLGA encapsulation is a low-cost, efficient antigen delivery system in aquaculture. </LI> <LI> Components of innate and adaptive immunity activated by PL antigen vaccine. </LI> <LI> PL could be an alternative for developing novel potent inactivated antigen in fish. </LI> </UL> </P>

Identification and phylogenetic characterization of Nybelinia surmenicola (Cestoda: Trypanorhyncha) from squids (Todarodes pacificus) from East Sea, Republic of Korea

Jin Woo Jun,Sib Sankar Giri,Hyoun Joong Kim,Sae kil Yun,Cheng Chi,Sang Guen Kim,Sang Wha Kim,Jeong Woo Kang,Se Jin Han,Jun Kwon,Woo Taek Oh,Dal sang Jeong,Se Chang Park 한국예방수의학회 2018 예방수의학회지 Vol.42 No.3

In the current study, a total of 102 common Todarodes pacificus squid caught in the East Sea were investigated for parasitological research. The results revealed that 33 (32.35%) out of 102 squid were infected by Nybelinia surmenicola, the mean intensity was 5.58 parasites per squid, and the maximum abundance was 11. Morphological analysis using a field emission scanning electron microscope showed the characteristic features of N. surmenicola. Molecular identification based on the 28S rRNA gene confirmed the isolated parasite as N. surmenicola, while phylogenetic analysis revealed that N.surmenicola isolated in this study was clustered with N. surmenicola isolated from Japan. This is the first report of phylogenetic characterization of N. surmenicola isolated from Korea.

Development of PNA-Array Platforms for Detection of Genetic Polymorphism of Cytochrome P450 2C19

Hong, Dae-Wha,Park, Hyung-Ju,Chi, Young-Shik,Lee, Young,Lee, Jun-O,Kang, Hyo-Jin,Park, Dae-Keun,Chung, Sang-J.,Yun, Wan-Soo,Choi, In-Sung S. Korean Chemical Society 2011 Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society Vol.32 No.suppl8

인공지능을 이용한 미디 파일의 분석 및 특징점 추출을 통한 음악 생성 연구

이치종(Lee, Chi Jong),박정훈(Park, Jung Hoon),이상준(Lee, Sang Jun),이주용(Lee, Ju Yong),주종화(Joo Jong Wha) 한국IT서비스학회 2019 한국IT서비스학회 학술대회 논문집 Vol.2019 No.2

악기의 종류와 곡은 다양하지만 이를 연습하기 위한 각 악기의 악보들이 부족하다. 그 중 비교적 새로운 악기라고 볼 수 있는 드럼의 경우 기존의 곡에서 드럼파트가 없는 곡이 많이 존재하여 드럼을 연습하는 데에는 제약조건이 많다. 우리는 최근 관심도가 높아지고 있는 머신러닝 기술을 활용하여 기존에 존재하는 음악 파일의 특징점을 추출하고 사용자가 원하는 음악의 드럼파트를 만드는 시스템을 제안한다.

연결구조 최소화를 위한 allocation 알고리듬

전영권(Young-Geun Jun),김기현(Ki-hyun Kim),인치호(Chi-ho Lin),정정화(Jong-Wha Chong) 대한전자공학회 1993 대한전자공학회 학술대회 Vol.1993 No.11

증례 : 내분비 ; PET-CT에서 우연히 발견된 비기능성 뇌하수체 거대선종 1예

송윤미 ( Youn Mi Song ),임동준 ( Dong Jun Lim ),문성대 ( Sung Dae Moon ),한제호 ( Je Ho Han ),한치화 ( Chi Wha Han ),김성훈 ( Sung Hoon Kim ) 대한내과학회 2009 대한내과학회지 Vol.76 No.3

FDG-PET은 많은 종류의 암에서 질병의 범위를 판정하거나, 치료효과 판정 및 재발병소 진단에 유용한 영상기법이다. FDG-PET을 시행하여 뇌하수체 부위에 우연히 섭취가 증가된 소견이 있을 경우 추가적인 영상 검사와 내분비 기능 검사를 시행하여 기능성 또는 비기능성 종양 여부를 결정하고 적절한 치료를 시행해야 한다. 저자들은 우연히 FDG-PET에서 발견되어 확진 검사 후 비기능성 뇌하수체 선종으로 진단한 1예를 경험하였기에 문헌고찰과 함께 보고하는 바이다. Whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) with fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) is a tomographic imaging technique that uses a radiolabeled analog of glucose, 18F-FDG, to image relative glucose uptake rates in various tissues. Since the glucose uptake is increased in many malignancies, 18F-FDG PET is a sensitive method for detecting, staging, and monitoring the effects of therapy on many malignancies. However, it is uncommon to discover an asymptomatic non-functioning pituitary tumor unexpectedly as a hypermetabolic lesion in PET studies. Here, we report a pituitary tumor that was detected incidentally by FDG-PET and ultimately turned out to be a non-functioning pituitary macroadenoma. (Korean J Med 76:374-379, 2009)

Re-irradiation of unresectable recurrent head and neck cancer: using Helical Tomotherapy as image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy

Jeong, Songmi,Yoo, Eun Jung,Kim, Ji Yoon,Han, Chi Wha,Kim, Ki Jun,Kay, Chul Seung The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology 2013 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.31 No.4

Purpose: Re-irradiation (re-RT) is considered a treatment option for inoperable locoregionally recurrent head and neck cancer (HNC) after prior radiotherapy. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of re-RT using Helical Tomotherapy as image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy in recurrent HNC. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with recurrent HNC and received re-RT were retrospectively reviewed. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and secondary endpoints were locoregional control and toxicities. Results: The median follow-up period of total 9 patients was 18.7 months (range, 4.1 to 76 months) and that of 3 alive patients was 49 months (range, 47 to 76 months). Median dose of first radiotherapy and re-RT was 64.8 and 47.5 $Gy_{10}$. Median cumulative dose of the two courses of radiotherapy was 116.3 $Gy_{10}$ (range, 91.8 to 128.9 $Gy_{10}$) while the median interval between the two courses of radiation was 25 months (range, 4 to 137 months). The response rate after re-RT of the evaluated 8 patients was 75% (complete response, 4; partial response, 2). Median locoregional relapse-free survival after re-RT was 11.9 months (range, 3.4 to 75.1 months) and 5 patients eventually presented with treatment failure (in-field failure, 2; in- and out-field failure, 2; out-field failure, 1). Median OS of the 8 patients was 20.3 months (range, 4.1 to 75.1 months). One- and two-year OS rates were 62.5% and 50%, respectively. Grade 3 leucopenia developed in one patient as acute toxicity, and grade 2 osteonecrosis and trismus as chronic toxicity in another patient. Conclusion: Re-RT using Helical Tomotherapy for previously irradiated patients with unresectable locoregionally recurrent HNC may be a feasible treatment option with long-term survival and acceptable toxicities.

Re-irradiation of unresectable recurrent head and neck cancer: using Helical Tomotherapy as image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy

Songmi Jeong,Eun Jung Yoo,Ji Yoon Kim,Chi Wha Han,Ki Jun Kim,Chul Seung Kay 대한방사선종양학회 2013 Radiation Oncology Journal Vol.31 No.4

Purpose: Re-irradiation (re-RT) is considered a treatment option for inoperable locoregionally recurrent head and neck cancer (HNC) after prior radiotherapy. We evaluated the efficacy and safety of re-RT using Helical Tomotherapy as image-guided intensity-modulated radiotherapy in recurrent HNC. Materials and Methods: Patients diagnosed with recurrent HNC and received re-RT were retrospectively reviewed. Primary endpoint was overall survival (OS) and secondary endpoints were locoregional control and toxicities. Results: The median follow-up period of total 9 patients was 18.7 months (range, 4.1 to 76 months) and that of 3 alive patients was 49 months (range, 47 to 76 months). Median dose of first radiotherapy and re-RT was 64.8 and 47.5 Gy₁₀. Median cumulative dose of the two courses of radiotherapy was 116.3 Gy₁₀ (range, 91.8 to 128.9 Gy₁₀) while the median interval between the two courses of radiation was 25 months (range, 4 to 137 months). The response rate after re-RT of the evaluated 8 patients was 75% (complete response, 4; partial response, 2). Median locoregional relapse-free survival after re-RT was 11.9 months (range, 3.4 to 75.1 months) and 5 patients eventually presented with treatment failure (in-field failure, 2; in- and out-field failure, 2; out-field failure, 1). Median OS of the 8 patients was 20.3 months (range, 4.1 to 75.1 months). One- and two-year OS rates were 62.5% and 50%, respectively. Grade 3 leucopenia developed in one patient as acute toxicity, and grade 2 osteonecrosis and trismus as chronic toxicity in another patient. Conclusion: Re-RT using Helical Tomotherapy for previously irradiated patients with unresectable locoregionally recurrent HNC may be a feasible treatment option with long-term survival and acceptable toxicities.

Release of Ammonia Odor from AAFA (Ammonia Adsorbed Fly Ash) by Installation of NOx Reduction System

Kim, Jae-kwan,Park, Seok-un,Lee, Hyun-dong,Chi, Jun-wha Korea Electric Power Corporation 2016 KEPCO Journal on electric power and energy Vol.2 No.3

This paper discussed the effect of ammonia concentration adsorbed on fly ash for the ammonia emission as AAFA (Ammonia Adsorbed Fly Ash) produced from coal fired plants due to operation of NOx reduction technologies was landfilled with distilled or sea water at closed and open systems, respectively. Ammonia bisulfate and sulfates adsorbed on fly ash is highly water soluble. The pH of ammonium bisulfate and sulfate solution had significant effect on ammonia odor emission. The effect of temperature on ammonia odor emission from mixture was less than pH, the rate of ammonia emission increased with increased temperature when the pH conditions were kept at constant. Since AAFA increases the pH of solution substantially, $NH_3$ in the ash can release the ammonia order unless it is present at low concentration. $NH_4{^+}$ ion is unstable in fly ash and water mixtures of high pH at open system, which is changed to nitrite or nitrate and then released as ammonia gas. The proper conditions for < 20 ppm of ammonia concentration released from the AAFAs landfilled in ash pond were explored using an open system with sea water. It was therefore proposed that optimal operation to collect AAFA of less than 168 ppm ammonia at the electrostatic precipitator were controlled to ammonia slip with less than 5 ppm at SCR/SNCR installations, and, ammonia odor released from mixture of fly ash of 168 ppm ammonia with sea water under open system has about 20 ppm.