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李一琴,全雄哲 진주여자전문대학 1997 論文集 Vol.20 No.-
The inadequacies of exiating cost accounting system have recently been the focus of much researches, that is. discussion on disadvantages of traditional costing systems(TCS). In this viewpoint this study reviews advatages of activity based costing(ABC) and then design and implementation of ABC. Advantages of ABC is that TCS have many failings - in particular, their inability to repore acequate cost informations for managing orgarnizations. ABC can provide a better understanding of how to reduce costs by managing the activities that cosume resources. One key to the application of ABC is a clear understanding of the physical activies represented by the structures of a particular ABC system. This study identifies design and implementation and theoretical suructures of ABC that have three elements as activities; activity centers, cost drivers, and resource categories
층간분리 형상계수(f_(S))가 FRMLs의 층간분리 성장률(dA_(D)/da)에 미치는 영향
송삼홍,이원평,김광래,김철웅 한국공작기계학회 2003 한국공작기계학회 춘계학술대회논문집 Vol.2003 No.-
Most previous researches for the hybrid composite materials such as FRMLs (Al/AFRP, Al/GFRP) have evaluated the fatigue delamination behavior using the traditional fracture mechanism. However, most previous researches have not generally been fumed yet. Because delamination growth behavior in hybrid composite should be consider delamination growth rate, dA_(D)/da using the delamination shape factors, f_(S) instead of traditional fracture mechanic parameters. The major purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between delamination shape factor, f_(S) s and delamination growth rate, dA_(D)/da. And a propose parameter on the delamination aspect ratio, b/a. The details of the study are as follow : 1) Relationship between crack length, a and delamination width, b. 2) Relationship between delamination aspect ratio, b/a and delamination area rate, (A_(D))_(N)/(A_(D))_(All). 3) Variation of delamination growth rate, dA_(D)/da was attendant on delamination shape factors, f_(S1), f_(S2), f_(S3). The test results indicated the delamination growth rate depends on delamination shape factors.
하악과두 골절 치료에 있어 보존적 치료와 외과적 치료의 비교
박인순,이철우,여환호,이효빈,김영균,변웅래 大韓顎顔面成形再建外科學會 1994 Maxillofacial Plastic Reconstructive Surgery Vol.16 No.1
The authors investigated the 17 patients with the condylar fractures of the mandible who were admitted in Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Chosun University, Dental hospital from 1990 to 1993 and could be taken follow-up above 6 months. Helkimo's clinical dysfunction index and mandibular mobility index were applied to the evaluation of the patients and the obtained results were as follows. 1. Mean maximal mouth opening was 38.4mm in the conservative group, 41.3mm in the surgical group and that showed no statistically significant difference.(P>0.05) 2. Clinical dysfunction index was higher in the surgical group than in the conservative group but .that showed no statistically difference.(P>0.05) 3. The extent of maximal mouth opening was increased gradually throughout the follow-up period. 4. Both groups didn't show severe clinically dysfunction.
( Cheol Hun Choi ),( Woong Mo Kim ),( Hyung Gon Lee ),( Cheol Won Jeong ),( Chang Mo Kim ),( Seong Heon Lee ),( Myung Ha Yoon ) 대한통증학회 2010 The Korean Journal of Pain Vol.23 No.4
Background: Selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 are commonly used analgesics in various pain conditions. Although their actions are largely thought to be mediated by the blockade of prostaglandin (PG) biosynthesis, evidences suggesting endogenous opioid peptide link in spinal antinociception of COX inhibitor have been reported. We investigated the roles of opioid receptor subtypes in the spinal antinociception of selective COX-2 inhibitor. Methods: To examine the antinociception of a selective COX-2 inhibitor, DUP-697 was delivered through an intrathecal catheter, 10 minutes before the formalin test in male Sprague-Dawley rats. Then, the effect of intrathecal pretreatment with CTOP, naltrindole and GNTI, which are μ, δ and κ opioid receptor antagonist, respectively, on the analgesia induced by DUP-697 was assessed. Results: Intrathecal DUP-697 reduced the flinching response evoked by formalin injection during phase 1 and 2. Naltrindole and GNTI attenuated the antinociceptive effect of intrathecal DUP-697 during both phases of the formalin test. CTOP reversed the antinociception of DUP-697 during phase 2, but not during phase 1. Conclusions: Intrathecal DUP-697, a selective COX-2 inhibitor, effectively relieved inflammatory pain in rats. The δ and κ opioid receptors are involved in the activity of COX-2 inhibitor on the facilitated state as well as acute pain at the spinal level, whereas the μ opioid receptor is related only to facilitated pain. (Korean J Pain 2010; 23: 236-241)
Lee, Jong Woon,Lee, Junho,Jung, Su-Ho,Jang, Yamujin,Choi, Byoung Lyong,Yang, Cheol-Woong,Whang, Dongmok,Lee, Eun Kyung IOP 2016 Nanotechnology Vol.27 No.30
<P>We demonstrate silicon germanium (SiGe) alloy nanowires (NWs) with Ge nanoparticles (GeNPs) embedded in a SiO<SUB>2</SUB> shell as a material for decreasing thermal conductivity. During thermal oxidation of SiGe NWs to form SiGe–SiO<SUB>2</SUB> core–shell structures, Ge atoms were diffused into the SiO<SUB>2</SUB> shell to relax the strain in the SiGe core, and agglomerated as a few nanometer-sized particles. This structure leads to a large reduction in thermal conductivity due to the GeNP–phonon interaction, while electrical conductivity is sustained because the core of the SiGe alloy NW provides a current path for the charged carriers. The thermal conductivity of the SiGe alloy NWs wrapped with a GeNP-embedded SiO<SUB>2</SUB> shell is 0.41 W m<SUP>−1</SUP> K<SUP>−1</SUP> at 300 K.</P>
Lee, Keunsoo,Shin, Jin-Wook,Park, Jun-Hwan,Lee, Jonghee,Joo, Chul Woong,Lee, Jeong-Ik,Cho, Doo-Hee,Lim, Jong Tae,Oh, Min-Cheol,Ju, Byeong-Kwon,Moon, Jaehyun American Chemical Society 2016 ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES Vol.8 No.27
<P>We propose and fabricate a random light scattering layer for light extraction in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) with silver nanodots, which were obtained by melting silver nanowires. The OLED with the light scattering layer as an internal light extraction structure was enhanced by 49.1% for the integrated external quantum efficiency (EQE). When a wrinkle structure is simultaneously used for an external light extraction structure, the total enhancement of the integrated EQE was 65.3%. The EQE is maximized to 65.3% at a current level of 2.0 mA/cm(2). By applying an internal light scattering layer and wrinkle structure to an OLED, the variance in the emission spectra was negligible over a broad viewing angle. Power mode analyses with finite difference time domain (FDTD) simulations revealed that the use of a scattering layer effectively reduced the waveguiding mode while introducing non-negligible absorption. Our method offers an effective yet simple approach to achieve both efficiency enhancement and spectral stability for a wide range of OLED applications.</P>
Lee, Dong-Hoon,Lee, Do-Wan,Kwon, Jae-Im,Kim, Sang-Tae,Woo, Chul-Woong,Kon Kim, Jeong,Won Kim, Kyung,Seong Lee, Jin,Gon Choi, Choong,Suh, Ji-Yeon,Choi, Yoonseok,Woo, Dong-Cheol Elsevier 2019 Brain Research Vol.1717 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P><B>Purpose</B></P> <P>To evaluate temporal changes in gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) signals in the hippocampus during epileptiform activity induced by kainic acid (KA) in a rat model of status epilepticus using chemical exchange saturation transfer (CEST) imaging technique.</P> <P><B>Methods</B></P> <P>CEST imaging and <SUP>1</SUP>H magnetic resonance spectroscopy (<SUP>1</SUP>H MRS) were applied to a systemic KA-induced rat model to compare GABA signals. All data acquisition and analytical procedures were performed at three different time points (before KA injection, and 1 and 3 h after injection). The CEST signal was analyzed based on regions of interests (ROIs) in the hippocampus, while <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS was analyzed within a 12.0 μL ROI in the left hippocampus. Signal correlations between the two methods were evaluated as a function of time change up to 3 h after KA injection.</P> <P><B>Results</B></P> <P>The measured GABA CEST-weighted signal intensities of the rat epileptic hippocampus before injection showed significant differences from those after (averaged signals from both hippocampi: 4.37% ± 0.87% and 7.305 ± 1.11%; P < 0.05), although the signal had increased slightly at both time points after KA injection, the differences were not significant (P > 0.05). In contrast, the correlation between the CEST imaging values and <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS was significant (r ≥ 0.64; P < 0.05; in all cases).</P> <P><B>Conclusions</B></P> <P>GABA signal changes during epileptiform activity in the rat hippocampus, as detected using CEST imaging, provided a significant contrast according to changes in metabolic activity. Our technical approach may serve as a potential supplemental option to provide biomarkers for brain disease.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We evaluated the feasibility of CEST imaging for GABA detection in the rat models of status epilepticus. </LI> <LI> GABACEST-weighted signals were compared to GABA concentrations acquired from <SUP>1</SUP>H MRS. </LI> <LI> GABACEST-weighted signals showed significant differences between pre- and post-epileptic status. </LI> </UL> </P>